我编写了一个perl脚本,它将输出一个包含类似条目的列表,如下所示:
$var = ' whatever'
$ var包含:单引号,空格,单词 ,单引号
实际上,这是哈希的关键,我想拉取相同的值。但是由于单引号和下面的空格,我无法提取哈希键值。
所以,我想删除$ var,如下所示:
$var = whatever
意思是删除单引号,空格和尾随单引号。
这样我就可以使用$ var作为哈希键来提取相应的值。
你可以指导我使用Perl oneliner吗?
thnaks。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
以下是几种方法,但要注意 - 修改哈希中的键可能会产生不需要的结果,例如:
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
my $src = {
"a a" => 1,
" a a " => 2,
"' a a '" => 3,
};
print "src: ", Dumper($src);
my $trg;
@$trg{ map { s/^[\s']*(.*?)[\s']*$/$1/; $_ } keys %$src } = values %$src;
print "copy: ", Dumper($trg);
将产生:
src: $VAR1 = {
' a a ' => 2,
'\' a a \'' => 3,
'a a' => 1
};
copy: $VAR1 = {
'a a' => 1
};
任何正则表达式都可以用YAPE :: Regex :: Explain模块解释。 (来自CPAN)。对于上述正则表达式:
use YAPE::Regex::Explain;
print YAPE::Regex::Explain->new( qr(^[\s']*(.*?)[\s']*$) )->explain;
将产生:
正则表达式:
(?-imsx:^[\s']*(.*?)[\s']*$)
matches as follows:
NODE EXPLANATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------
(?-imsx: group, but do not capture (case-sensitive)
(with ^ and $ matching normally) (with . not
matching \n) (matching whitespace and #
normally):
----------------------------------------------------------------------
^ the beginning of the string
----------------------------------------------------------------------
[\s']* any character of: whitespace (\n, \r, \t,
\f, and " "), ''' (0 or more times
(matching the most amount possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
( group and capture to \1:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
.*? any character except \n (0 or more times
(matching the least amount possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
) end of \1
----------------------------------------------------------------------
[\s']* any character of: whitespace (\n, \r, \t,
\f, and " "), ''' (0 or more times
(matching the most amount possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
$ before an optional \n, and the end of the
string
----------------------------------------------------------------------
) end of grouping
----------------------------------------------------------------------
简而言之:s/^[\s']*(.*?)[\s']*$/$1/;
意思是:
答案 1 :(得分:2)
#!/usr/bin/perl
$string = "' my string'";
print $string . "\n";
$string =~ s/'//g;
$string =~ s/^ //g;
print $string;
<强>输出强>
' my string'
my string
答案 2 :(得分:1)
$var =~ tr/ '//d;
请参阅:tr operator
或者,通过正则表达式
$var =~ s/(?:^['\s]+)|'//g;
后者会将空格保留在单词的中间,前者会删除所有空格和单引号。
简短测试:
...
$var = q{' what ever'};
$var =~ s/
(?: # find the following group
^ # at string begin, followed by
['\s]+ # space or single quote, one or more
) # close group
| # OR
' # single quotes in the while string
//gx ; # replace by nothing, use formatted regex (x)
print "|$var|\n";
...
打印:
|what ever|
正如所料。