正则表达式捕获文本

时间：2012-07-17 10:17:02

标签： c# .net regex linq

我有一个包含以下内容的日志文件：

2012-07-16 03:20:41,23796160897,Text,id:SAR-23796160897-c0-2-1 sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120715220216 done date:120716032038 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FOTSO TOKAM,SMSCReceiptMsgId=SAR-23796160897-c0-2-1
2012-07-16 03:20:48,23796160897,Text,id:SAR-23796160897-c0-2-2 sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120715220216 done date:120716032045 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FOTSO TOKAM,SMSCReceiptMsgId=SAR-23796160897-c0-2-2
2012-05-04 00:07:46,23777603300,Text,id:4FA23EB0 sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120503225018 done date:120504000744 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23EB0
2012-05-04 01:50:18,23796726987,Text,id:4FA23E95 sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120503225014 done date:120504015016 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23E95
2012-05-04 01:50:22,23799757015,Text,id:4FA23EB2 sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120503225018 done date:120504015021 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23EB2
2012-05-04 01:50:48,23799907239,Text,id:4FA23F38 sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120503225042 done date:120504015046 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23F38
2012-05-04 01:50:48,23799896455,Text,id:4FA23D1C sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120503175232 done date:120504015046 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23D1C
2012-05-04 01:50:48,23799896455,Text,id:4FA23F04 sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120503225031 done date:120504015046 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23F04
2012-05-04 01:50:50,23794105044,Text,id:4FA23F55 sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120503225046 done date:120504015048 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23F55
2012-05-04 01:51:19,23796029764,Text,id:4FA23FEE sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120503225114 done date:120504015117 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23FEE
2012-05-04 02:17:51,23775461594,Text,id:4FA24025 sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120503225125 done date:120504021749 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA24025
2012-05-04 04:08:02,23777437781,Text,id:4FA23F23 sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120503225037 done date:120504040800 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23F23
2012-05-04 04:50:12,23777970013,Text,id:4FA23E70 sub:000 dlvrd:000 submit date:120503225005 done date:120504045011 stat:EXPIRED err:027 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23E70
2012-05-04 04:50:15,23775182832,Text,id:4FA23E7E sub:000 dlvrd:000 submit date:120503225008 done date:120504045014 stat:EXPIRED err:027 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23E7E
2012-05-04 04:50:17,23777789644,Text,id:4FA23E80 sub:000 dlvrd:000 submit date:120503225010 done date:120504045016 stat:EXPIRED err:027 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23E80
2012-05-04 04:50:21,23777529371,Text,id:4FA23E8F sub:000 dlvrd:000 submit date:120503225013 done date:120504045019 stat:EXPIRED err:027 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23E8F
2012-05-04 04:50:21,23777613852,Text,id:4FA23E97 sub:000 dlvrd:000 submit date:120503225014 done date:120504045020 stat:EXPIRED err:027 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23E97
2012-05-04 04:50:24,23777407598,Text,id:4FA23EAE sub:000 dlvrd:000 submit date:120503225017 done date:120504045023 stat:EXPIRED err:032 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23EAE
2012-05-04 04:50:26,23777736950,Text,id:4FA23EAF sub:000 dlvrd:000 submit date:120503225018 done date:120504045024 stat:EXPIRED err:027 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23EAF
2012-05-04 04:50:31,23775834128,Text,id:4FA23ED6 sub:000 dlvrd:000 submit date:120503225024 done date:120504045030 stat:EXPIRED err:027 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23ED6
2012-05-04 04:50:36,23777486441,Text,id:4FA23EF3 sub:000 dlvrd:000 submit date:120503225029 done date:120504045035 stat:EXPIRED err:027 text:,FLP,SMSCReceiptMsgId=4FA23EF3

现在我想通过使用带有c＃.net和LINQ的正则表达式来捕获此内容中的值，例如“id，done date，stat”等少数特定字段。

如果有人有任何想法，请帮助我。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：2)

我不认为你Regex会帮助你很多。相反，你应该将行分成行然后分成列，因为我可以看到数据可以被分割成一个矩阵，您可以从中轻松地提取您正在寻找的信息......甚至您可以在JavaScript / C＃/ Java中执行此操作或任何语言。

在我的实践中这样做：

  • 将数据拆分为行
  • 将该行拆分为列

  • 然后遍历每一行并指向您要查找的列。

    var content = data.split('\n');
foreach(var line in content) 
{
     var cols = line.split(',');
     var c1 = cols[0];
     var c2 = cols[1];
     var c3 = cols[2];
}

您可以优化上述摘录以满足您的需求......这是执行此操作的最佳方式。

答案 1 :(得分：1)

目前尚不清楚所有字段的含义，或者分隔符是否为常量。使用您提供的测试数据，可将大部分信息转换为命名组。

/// <summary>
///  Regular expression built for C# on: Tue, Jul 17, 2012, 12:08:12 PM
///  Using Expresso Version: 3.0.4334, http://www.ultrapico.com
///  
///  A description of the regular expression:
///  
///  Beginning of line or string
///  [Date]: A named capture group. [[^,]+]
///      Any character that is NOT in this class: [,], one or more repetitions
///  ,
///  [Number]: A named capture group. [[^,]+]
///      Any character that is NOT in this class: [,], one or more repetitions
///  ,
///  [Text1]: A named capture group. [[^,]+]
///      Any character that is NOT in this class: [,], one or more repetitions
///  ,
///  id:
///      id:
///  [ID]: A named capture group. [[^\s]+]
///      Any character that is NOT in this class: [\s], one or more repetitions
///  Whitespace
///  sub:
///      sub:
///  [Sub]: A named capture group. [\w+]
///      Alphanumeric, one or more repetitions
///  Whitespace
///  dlvrd:
///      dlvrd:
///  [Dlvrd]: A named capture group. [\w+]
///      Alphanumeric, one or more repetitions
///  Whitespace
///  submit\sdate:
///      submit
///      Whitespace
///      date:
///  [SubmitDate]: A named capture group. [\w+]
///      Alphanumeric, one or more repetitions
///  Whitespace
///  done\sdate:
///      done
///      Whitespace
///      date:
///  [DoneDate]: A named capture group. [\w+]
///      Alphanumeric, one or more repetitions
///  Whitespace
///  stat:
///      stat:
///  [Status]: A named capture group. [\w+]
///      Alphanumeric, one or more repetitions
///  Whitespace
///  err:
///      err:
///  [Error]: A named capture group. [\d+]
///      Any digit, one or more repetitions
///  Whitespace
///  
///
/// </summary>
public static Regex regex = new Regex(
      "^(?<Date>[^,]+),\r\n(?<Number>[^,]+),\r\n(?<Text1>[^,]+),\r\nid:(?"+
      "<ID>[^\\s]+)\\s\r\nsub:(?<Sub>\\w+)\\s\r\ndlvrd:(?<Dlvrd>\\w+)\\s"+
      "\r\nsubmit\\sdate:(?<SubmitDate>\\w+)\\s\r\ndone\\sdate:(?<DoneD"+
      "ate>\\w+)\\s\r\nstat:(?<Status>\\w+)\\s\r\nerr:(?<Error>\\d+)\\s",
    RegexOptions.Multiline
    | RegexOptions.ExplicitCapture
    | RegexOptions.CultureInvariant
    | RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace
    | RegexOptions.Compiled
    );

因此，您可以致电：

var matches = regex.Matches(inputData);

我个人建议您将测试限制为单行数据并改为调用：

var match = regex.Match(inputLineOfData);

这意味着您可以：

if ( match.Success )
{
   var id = match.Groups["ID"].Value;
   var submitDate = match.Groups["SubmitDate"].Value;  // Parse to DateTime
   var doneDate = match.Groups["DoneDate"].Value;  // Parse to DateTime

   // etc for 'sub', 'dlvrd', 'Status', 'Error'..
}

答案 2 :(得分：0)

可能csv解析器会更好但你可以使用这个正则表达式并将id：替换为你想要的其他字段。前done date:(?<done date>.*?)\s 

string strRegex = @"id:(?<id>.*?)\s.*?done date:(?<donedate>.*?)\s.*?stat:(?<stat>.*?)\s";
RegexOptions myRegexOptions = RegexOptions.IgnoreCase | RegexOptions.Multiline;
Regex myRegex = new Regex(strRegex, myRegexOptions);
string strTargetString = @"2012-07-16 03:20:41,23796160897,Text,id:SAR-23796160897-c0-2-1 sub:000 dlvrd:001 submit date:120715220216 done date:120716032038 stat:DELIVRD err:000 text:,FOTSO TOKAM,SMSCReceiptMsgId=SAR-23796160897-c0-2-1"
foreach (Match myMatch in myRegex.Matches(strTargetString))
{
  if (myMatch.Success)
  {
    // Add your code here 
    //myMatch.Groups["id"].Value;
    //myMatch.Groups["donedate"].Value;
    //myMatch.Groups["stat"].Value;
  }
}

您可以使用一个正则表达式id:(?<id>.*?)\s.*?done date:(?<donedate>.*?)\s.*?stat:(?<stat>.*?)\s，然后使用myMatch.Groups["id"].Value

等组进行访问
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