在PyQt应用程序中嵌入IPython Qt控制台

时间:2012-07-16 21:54:23

标签: python qt pyqt4 ipython

我想在我正在研究的PyQt应用程序中嵌入一个IPython qt控制台小部件。下面提供的代码(并改编自https://stackoverflow.com/a/9796491/1332492)为IPython v0.12实现了这一点。但是,这会在self.heartbeat.start()行{0}与IP {1}}的IPython v0.13中崩溃。注释掉这一行会显示小部件,但不响应用户输入。

有谁知道如何实现IPython v0.13的等效功能?

RuntimeError: threads can only be started once

追溯v0.13

"""
Adapted from
https://stackoverflow.com/a/9796491/1332492
"""
import os
import atexit

from IPython.zmq.ipkernel import IPKernelApp
from IPython.lib.kernel import find_connection_file
from IPython.frontend.qt.kernelmanager import QtKernelManager
from IPython.frontend.qt.console.rich_ipython_widget import RichIPythonWidget
from IPython.config.application import catch_config_error
from PyQt4 import QtCore


class IPythonLocalKernelApp(IPKernelApp):
    DEFAULT_INSTANCE_ARGS = ['']

    @catch_config_error
    def initialize(self, argv=None):
        super(IPythonLocalKernelApp, self).initialize(argv)
        self.kernel.eventloop = self.loop_qt4_nonblocking

    def loop_qt4_nonblocking(self, kernel):
        """Non-blocking version of the ipython qt4 kernel loop"""
        kernel.timer = QtCore.QTimer()
        kernel.timer.timeout.connect(kernel.do_one_iteration)
        kernel.timer.start(1000*kernel._poll_interval)

    def start(self, argv=DEFAULT_INSTANCE_ARGS):
        """Starts IPython kernel app
        argv: arguments passed to kernel
        """
        self.initialize(argv)
        self.heartbeat.start()

        if self.poller is not None:
            self.poller.start()

        self.kernel.start()


class IPythonConsoleQtWidget(RichIPythonWidget):
    _connection_file = None

    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
        RichIPythonWidget.__init__(self, *args, **kw)
        self._existing = True
        self._may_close = False
        self._confirm_exit = False

    def _init_kernel_manager(self):
        km = QtKernelManager(connection_file=self._connection_file, config=self.config)
        km.load_connection_file()
        km.start_channels(hb=self._heartbeat)
        self.kernel_manager = km
        atexit.register(self.kernel_manager.cleanup_connection_file)

    def connect_kernel(self, connection_file, heartbeat=False):
        self._heartbeat = heartbeat
        if os.path.exists(connection_file):
            self._connection_file = connection_file
        else:
            self._connection_file = find_connection_file(connection_file)

        self._init_kernel_manager()


def main(**kwargs):
    kernelapp = IPythonLocalKernelApp.instance()
    kernelapp.start()

    widget = IPythonConsoleQtWidget()
    widget.connect_kernel(connection_file=kernelapp.connection_file)
    widget.show()

    return widget

if __name__ == "__main__":
    from PyQt4.QtGui import QApplication
    app = QApplication([''])
    main()
    app.exec_()

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:15)

好的,这段代码似乎可以解决问题(即它将一个非阻塞的ipython解释器放在一个Qt小部件中,可以嵌入到其他小部件中)。传递给terminal_widget的关键字会添加到窗口小部件的命名空间

import atexit

from IPython.zmq.ipkernel import IPKernelApp
from IPython.lib.kernel import find_connection_file
from IPython.frontend.qt.kernelmanager import QtKernelManager
from IPython.frontend.qt.console.rich_ipython_widget import RichIPythonWidget
from IPython.utils.traitlets import TraitError
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore

def event_loop(kernel):
    kernel.timer = QtCore.QTimer()
    kernel.timer.timeout.connect(kernel.do_one_iteration)
    kernel.timer.start(1000*kernel._poll_interval)

def default_kernel_app():
    app = IPKernelApp.instance()
    app.initialize(['python', '--pylab=qt'])
    app.kernel.eventloop = event_loop
    return app

def default_manager(kernel):
    connection_file = find_connection_file(kernel.connection_file)
    manager = QtKernelManager(connection_file=connection_file)
    manager.load_connection_file()
    manager.start_channels()
    atexit.register(manager.cleanup_connection_file)
    return manager

def console_widget(manager):
    try: # Ipython v0.13
        widget = RichIPythonWidget(gui_completion='droplist')
    except TraitError:  # IPython v0.12
        widget = RichIPythonWidget(gui_completion=True)
    widget.kernel_manager = manager
    return widget

def terminal_widget(**kwargs):
    kernel_app = default_kernel_app()
    manager = default_manager(kernel_app)
    widget = console_widget(manager)

    #update namespace                                                           
    kernel_app.shell.user_ns.update(kwargs)

    kernel_app.start()
    return widget

app = QtGui.QApplication([])
widget = terminal_widget(testing=123)
widget.show()
app.exec_()

答案 1 :(得分:15)

@ChrisB接受的答案适用于IPython版本0.13,但它不适用于较新版本。从github上的IPython内核存储库的examples section开始,this是在v1.x +(目前使用4.0.1测试)中执行此操作的方法,其具有控制台和内核所在的功能同样的过程。

这是一个基于官方示例的示例,它提供了一个可以轻松插入应用程序的便捷类。它设置为在Python 2.7上使用pyqt4和IPython 4.0.1:

(注意:您需要安装ipykernelqtconsole个套件)

# Set the QT API to PyQt4
import os
os.environ['QT_API'] = 'pyqt'
import sip
sip.setapi("QString", 2)
sip.setapi("QVariant", 2)
from PyQt4.QtGui  import *
# Import the console machinery from ipython
from qtconsole.rich_ipython_widget import RichIPythonWidget
from qtconsole.inprocess import QtInProcessKernelManager
from IPython.lib import guisupport

class QIPythonWidget(RichIPythonWidget):
    """ Convenience class for a live IPython console widget. We can replace the standard banner using the customBanner argument"""
    def __init__(self,customBanner=None,*args,**kwargs):
        if not customBanner is None: self.banner=customBanner
        super(QIPythonWidget, self).__init__(*args,**kwargs)
        self.kernel_manager = kernel_manager = QtInProcessKernelManager()
        kernel_manager.start_kernel()
        kernel_manager.kernel.gui = 'qt4'
        self.kernel_client = kernel_client = self._kernel_manager.client()
        kernel_client.start_channels()

        def stop():
            kernel_client.stop_channels()
            kernel_manager.shutdown_kernel()
            guisupport.get_app_qt4().exit()            
        self.exit_requested.connect(stop)

    def pushVariables(self,variableDict):
        """ Given a dictionary containing name / value pairs, push those variables to the IPython console widget """
        self.kernel_manager.kernel.shell.push(variableDict)
    def clearTerminal(self):
        """ Clears the terminal """
        self._control.clear()    
    def printText(self,text):
        """ Prints some plain text to the console """
        self._append_plain_text(text)        
    def executeCommand(self,command):
        """ Execute a command in the frame of the console widget """
        self._execute(command,False)


class ExampleWidget(QWidget):
    """ Main GUI Widget including a button and IPython Console widget inside vertical layout """
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(ExampleWidget, self).__init__(parent)
        layout = QVBoxLayout(self)
        self.button = QPushButton('Another widget')
        ipyConsole = QIPythonWidget(customBanner="Welcome to the embedded ipython console\n")
        layout.addWidget(self.button)
        layout.addWidget(ipyConsole)        
        # This allows the variable foo and method print_process_id to be accessed from the ipython console
        ipyConsole.pushVariables({"foo":43,"print_process_id":print_process_id})
        ipyConsole.printText("The variable 'foo' and the method 'print_process_id()' are available. Use the 'whos' command for information.")                           

def print_process_id():
    print 'Process ID is:', os.getpid()        

def main():
    app  = QApplication([])
    widget = ExampleWidget()
    widget.show()
    app.exec_()    

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

答案 2 :(得分:10)

在PyQt5中工作的2016年更新:

from qtconsole.qt import QtGui
from qtconsole.rich_jupyter_widget import RichJupyterWidget
from qtconsole.inprocess import QtInProcessKernelManager


class ConsoleWidget(RichJupyterWidget):


    def __init__(self, customBanner=None, *args, **kwargs):
        super(ConsoleWidget, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        if customBanner is not None:
            self.banner = customBanner

        self.font_size = 6
        self.kernel_manager = kernel_manager = QtInProcessKernelManager()
        kernel_manager.start_kernel(show_banner=False)
        kernel_manager.kernel.gui = 'qt'
        self.kernel_client = kernel_client = self._kernel_manager.client()
        kernel_client.start_channels()

        def stop():
            kernel_client.stop_channels()
            kernel_manager.shutdown_kernel()
            guisupport.get_app_qt().exit()

        self.exit_requested.connect(stop)

    def push_vars(self, variableDict):
        """
        Given a dictionary containing name / value pairs, push those variables
        to the Jupyter console widget
        """
        self.kernel_manager.kernel.shell.push(variableDict)

    def clear(self):
        """
        Clears the terminal
        """
        self._control.clear()

        # self.kernel_manager

    def print_text(self, text):
        """
        Prints some plain text to the console
        """
        self._append_plain_text(text)

    def execute_command(self, command):
        """
        Execute a command in the frame of the console widget
        """
        self._execute(command, False)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtGui.QApplication([])
    widget = ConsoleWidget()
    widget.show()
    app.exec_()

答案 3 :(得分:4)

IPython 0.13版本,有一些清理:

#coding: utf-8
'''
Updated for IPython 0.13
Created on 18-03-2012
Updated:   11-09-2012
@author: Paweł Jarosz
'''

import atexit

from PySide import QtCore, QtGui

from IPython.zmq.ipkernel import IPKernelApp
from IPython.lib.kernel import find_connection_file
from IPython.frontend.qt.kernelmanager import QtKernelManager
from IPython.frontend.qt.console.rich_ipython_widget import RichIPythonWidget
from IPython.config.application import catch_config_error

DEFAULT_INSTANCE_ARGS = ['qtconsole','--pylab=inline', '--colors=linux']

class IPythonLocalKernelApp(IPKernelApp):
    @catch_config_error
    def initialize(self, argv=DEFAULT_INSTANCE_ARGS):
        """
        argv: IPython args

        example:

            app = QtGui.QApplication([])
            kernelapp = IPythonLocalKernelApp.instance()
            kernelapp.initialize()

            widget = IPythonConsoleQtWidget()
            widget.set_default_style(colors='linux')

            widget.connect_kernel(connection_file=kernelapp.get_connection_file())
            # if you won't to connect to remote kernel you don't need kernelapp part, just widget part and:

            # widget.connect_kernel(connection_file='kernel-16098.json')

            # where kernel-16098.json is the kernel name
            widget.show()

            namespace = kernelapp.get_user_namespace()
            nxxx = 12
            namespace["widget"] = widget
            namespace["QtGui"]=QtGui
            namespace["nxxx"]=nxxx

            app.exec_()
        """
        super(IPythonLocalKernelApp, self).initialize(argv)
        self.kernel.eventloop = self.loop_qt4_nonblocking
        self.kernel.start()
        self.start()

    def loop_qt4_nonblocking(self, kernel):
        """Non-blocking version of the ipython qt4 kernel loop"""
        kernel.timer = QtCore.QTimer()
        kernel.timer.timeout.connect(kernel.do_one_iteration)
        kernel.timer.start(1000*kernel._poll_interval)

    def get_connection_file(self):
        """Returne current kernel connection file."""
        return self.connection_file

    def get_user_namespace(self):
        """Returns current kernel userspace dict"""
        return self.kernel.shell.user_ns

class IPythonConsoleQtWidget(RichIPythonWidget):

    def connect_kernel(self, connection_file, heartbeat = False):
        """
        connection_file: str - is the connection file name, for example 'kernel-16098.json'
        heartbeat: bool - workaround, needed for right click/save as ... errors ... i don't know how to 
                          fix this issue. Anyone knows? Anyway it needs more testing
            example1 (standalone):

                    app = QtGui.QApplication([])
                    widget = IPythonConsoleQtWidget()
                    widget.set_default_style(colors='linux')


                    widget.connect_kernel(connection_file='some connection file name')

                    app.exec_()

            example2 (IPythonLocalKernelApp):

                    app = QtGui.QApplication([])

                    kernelapp = IPythonLocalKernelApp.instance()
                    kernelapp.initialize()

                    widget = IPythonConsoleQtWidget()

                    # Green text, black background ;)
                    widget.set_default_style(colors='linux')

                    widget.connect_kernel(connection_file='kernelapp.get_connection_file())

                    app.exec_()

        """
        km = QtKernelManager(connection_file=find_connection_file(connection_file), config=self.config)
        km.load_connection_file()
        km.start_channels(hb=heartbeat)
        self.kernel_manager = km
        atexit.register(self.kernel_manager.cleanup_connection_file)

def main():

    app = QtGui.QApplication([])
    kernelapp = IPythonLocalKernelApp.instance()
    kernelapp.initialize()

    widget = IPythonConsoleQtWidget()
    widget.set_default_style(colors='linux')

    widget.connect_kernel(connection_file=kernelapp.get_connection_file())
    # if you connect to outside app kernel you don't need kernelapp part, 
    # just widget part and:

    # widget.connect_kernel(connection_file='kernel-16098.json')

    # where kernel-16098.json is the kernel name
    widget.show()

    namespace = kernelapp.get_user_namespace()
    nxxx = 12
    namespace["widget"] = widget
    namespace["QtGui"]=QtGui
    namespace["nxxx"]=nxxx

    app.exec_()


if __name__=='__main__':
    main()    

答案 4 :(得分:3)

pberkes非常友好地为我更新了这个例子:

https://gist.github.com/pberkes/5266744

我在单独的窗口中处理最新的1.0-dev,现在我只需要弄清楚如何访问我的所有程序变量并将其粘贴在我的主窗口中。

答案 5 :(得分:2)

可能帮助其他人研究这个:我遇到了这个例子:

https://github.com/gpoulin/python-test/blob/master/embedded_qtconsole.py

经过测试并使用PySide,IPython 2.1.0,Python 3.4.1。看来我甚至可以直接使用matplotlib。

from IPython.qt.console.rich_ipython_widget import RichIPythonWidget
from IPython.qt.inprocess import QtInProcessKernelManager
from PySide import QtGui, QtCore


class EmbedIPython(RichIPythonWidget):

    def __init__(self, **kwarg):
        super(RichIPythonWidget, self).__init__()
        self.kernel_manager = QtInProcessKernelManager()
        self.kernel_manager.start_kernel()
        self.kernel = self.kernel_manager.kernel
        self.kernel.gui = 'qt4'
        self.kernel.shell.push(kwarg)
        self.kernel_client = self.kernel_manager.client()
        self.kernel_client.start_channels()


class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)

        self.textEdit = QtGui.QTextEdit()

        but1 = QtGui.QPushButton('write')
        but1.clicked.connect(self.but_write)

        but2 = QtGui.QPushButton('read')
        but2.clicked.connect(self.but_read)

        self.a = {'text': ''}
        self.console = EmbedIPython(testing=123, a=self.a)
        self.console.kernel.shell.run_cell('%pylab qt')

        vbox = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        hbox = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
        vbox.addWidget(self.textEdit)
        vbox.addWidget(self.console)
        hbox.addWidget(but1)
        hbox.addWidget(but2)
        vbox.addLayout(hbox)

        b = QtGui.QWidget()
        b.setLayout(vbox)
        self.setCentralWidget(b)

    def but_read(self):
        self.a['text'] = self.textEdit.toPlainText()
        self.console.execute("print('a[\\\'text\\\'] = \"'+ a['text'] +'\"')")

    def but_write(self):
        self.textEdit.setText(self.a['text'])


if __name__ == '__main__':
    import sys
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    main = MainWindow()
    main.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

答案 6 :(得分:0)

您是否尝试过ipython源代码中提供的一些最新示例?我最近从fperez那里得到了以下内容(我想给那个人买啤酒),他们似乎说明了一种很好的方法来捕获GUI中嵌入的变量。

https://github.com/ipython/ipython/blob/master/docs/examples/lib/ipkernel_qtapp.py

答案 7 :(得分:0)

更新答案:

  • Python 3.8
  • IPython 7.22.0
  • QtConsole 5.0.3

根据之前的答案修改。

from qtpy.QtWidgets import QApplication
from qtconsole.rich_jupyter_widget import RichJupyterWidget
from qtconsole.inprocess import QtInProcessKernelManager


class ConsoleWidget(RichJupyterWidget):

    def __init__(self, customBanner=None, *args, **kwargs):
        super(ConsoleWidget, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        if customBanner is not None:
            self.banner = customBanner

        self.font_size = 10
        self.kernel_manager = QtInProcessKernelManager()
        self.kernel_manager.start_kernel(show_banner=False)
        self.kernel_manager.kernel.gui = 'qt'
        self.kernel_client = self._kernel_manager.client()
        self.kernel_client.start_channels()

        def stop():
            self.kernel_client.stop_channels()
            self.kernel_manager.shutdown_kernel()
            self.guisupport.get_app_qt().exit()

        self.exit_requested.connect(stop)

    def push_vars(self, variableDict):
        """
        Given a dictionary containing name / value pairs, push those variables
        to the Jupyter console widget
        """
        self.kernel_manager.kernel.shell.push(variableDict)

    def clear(self):
        """
        Clears the terminal
        """
        self._control.clear()

    def print_text(self, text):
        """
        Prints some plain text to the console
        """
        self._append_plain_text(text)

    def execute_command(self, command):
        """
        Execute a command in the frame of the console widget
        """
        self._execute(command, False)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication([])
    widget = ConsoleWidget()
    widget.show()
    app.exec_()