如何在Switch语句中使用IF

时间:2012-07-16 13:30:36

标签: c++ switch-statement average

如何在Switch语句中应用if条件,我想计算Average:但是我已经尽力解决问题,但仍然没有得到Switch语句的输出。 我是C ++的初学者,

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    //declaration of variables.
    int sub1,sub2,sub3, sub4,sub5,total,avg;

    //accepting marks from user in each subject
    cout << " Enter Programming in C++ Marks: " << endl;
    cin >> sub1;
    cout << " Enter Software Engineering Marks : " << endl;
    cin >> sub2;
    cout << " Enter Personal Communication Marks : " << endl;
    cin >> sub3;
    cout << " Enter Database Application Marks: " << endl;
    cin >> sub4;
    cout << " Enter Computer Concept Marks: " << endl;
    cin >> sub5;

    //calculatin sum of marks obtained in each subject
    total = (sub1 + sub2 + sub3 + sub4 + sub5);

    //calculating the average marks
    avg = total / 5;

    // starting of if condition for finding out grades of total subjects.

    switch (avg){
      case 1:{
        if ((avg >= 80) && (avg <= 100))
        {
            cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
            cout << "You Grade is A+ " << endl;
        }
        break; 
      }
      case 2:{
        if ((avg >= 70) && (avg <= 79))
        {
            cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
            cout << " Your grade is A " << endl;
        }    
        break;
      } 
      case 3:{
        if ((avg >= 60) && (avg <= 69))
        { 
            cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
            cout << " Your Grade is B+  " << endl;
        }   
        break;  
      }
      case 4:{
        if ((avg >= 50) && (avg <= 59))
        {
            cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
            cout << " Your Grade is C+ " << endl;
        }
        break;
      }
      case 5: {
        if ((avg >= 40) && (avg <= 49))
        {
            cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
            cout << " Your Grade is  C- ! " << endl;
        }
        break;    
      }
      case 6: {
        if ((avg >= 30) && (avg <= 39))
        {
            cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
            cout << " Your Grade is  D ! " << endl;
        }
        break; 
      }

      default:{ 
        if ((avg >= 100) && (avg <= 29))
        {
            cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
            cout << " Your Grade is  F, So you are Fail in the class ! " << endl;
            break;
        }
      }
    }

    system("pause");
}

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:7)

好吧,switchcase s与你给它的变量进行比较。因此,对于case 1,它会尝试将avg1以及之后的进行比较,以便继续使用if语句,这当然会永远不会申请。

我不确定你在那里尝试的是什么;从所有我可以看到你最好使用嵌套if

if ((avg >= 80) && (avg <= 100))
{
  cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
  cout << "You Grade is A+ " << endl;
} else if ((avg >= 70) && (avg <= 79))
{
  cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
  cout << " Your grade is A " << endl;
} else if ((avg >= 60) && (avg <= 69))
{ 
  cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
  cout << " Your Grade is B+  " << endl;
} ...

但即便如此,根据您的技能,可以更优雅地处理。例如,您可以将平均值除以10并在其上使用switch,利用整数除法截断的事实,将5059之间的所有内容折叠到同一个存储区{{1} }:

5

另外你会注意到你打印»你的平均值是:... «每次,所以你可以在之前移动 条件:

switch (avg / 10) {
  case 10:
  case 9:
  case 8:
    cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
    cout << "You Grade is A+ " << endl;
    break;
  case 7:
    cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
    cout << "You Grade is A " << endl;
  ...
}

最后,由于您有一个非常小的可能结果列表,您可以在数组中收集它们并简单地引用相应的数组元素,甚至不需要cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl; switch (avg / 10) { ... } / if或{{1 }}:

else if

答案 1 :(得分:7)

switch语句用于执行一个依赖于特定值的代码块。从某种意义上说,switch语句可以被认为是if语句的一种形式:代码

switch (avg) {
   case 1 : { /* code block 1 */ } break;
   case 2 : { /* code block 2 */ } break;
   default : { /* code block default */ } break;
}

可以读作

if (1 == avg) { /* code block 1 */ }
else if (2 == avg) { /* code block 2 */ }
else { /*code block default */ }

您的switch语句可以读为

if (1 == avg) 
{
   if ((avg >= 80) && (avg <= 100))
   {
      cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
      cout <<  "You Grade is A+ " << endl;
   }
} else if...

并且没有办法avg可以== 1并且大于80且小于100,这就是为什么你没有得到任何输出。

在C ++中,switch语句不适合测试范围;我只是使用if语句:

if ( (avg<=100) && (avg >=80))
{
   // you get an A
} else if ...

但是,如果你真的需要使用一个开关,有几种方法可以解决它:

switch (avg) {
   case 100:
   case 99:
   case 98:
   ...
   case 80 : { /* you get an A+ */ break; }
   case 79 :
   case 78 : 
   ...
   case 70 : { /* you get a A */ break: }
etc.

这很难看,但一个switch语句。使用switch语句的一种更简洁的方法是将avg“强制”为离散值,而不是范围。

int percentile = avg / 10;  // integer division. 

现在范围将介于0到10之间,假设平均值介于0和100之间。这样可以实现更清晰的切换:

switch (percentile) { 
   case 10 :
   case 9:
   case 8: /* You get an A+ */ break;
   case 7: /* You get an A */ break;
   case 6: /* You get a B+ */ break;

etc.

希望这有用。

答案 2 :(得分:3)

代码始终在您的默认语句中,因为您的switch语句将不会获得任何输入,如大小写所示。

答案 3 :(得分:2)

您使用的开关有点不对,这不是if问题。这样:

switch (avg){
    case 1:{
        if ((avg >= 80) && (avg <= 100))
        {
            cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
            cout << "You Grade is A+ " << endl;
        }
        break;

相同
if( avg == 1 )
{
    if ((avg >= 80) && (avg <= 100))
    {
        cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
        cout << "You Grade is A+ " << endl;
    }
}

显然,这种情况永远不会得到满足。对于您的特定情况,您只需删除开关,只留下if s。

答案 4 :(得分:2)

删除Switch- case,您将获得所需的输出,因为在这种情况下,它始终是默认输出。

答案 5 :(得分:1)

当你说

Switch(avg)

{
   case 1:
   break;
}

if(avg == 1)相同。所以移除你的开关盒并像这样处理它

if ((avg >= 80) && (avg <= 100))
//do this
else if ((avg >= 70) && (avg <= 79))
//do that

答案 6 :(得分:0)

通过switch语句将1,2,3等案例情况识别为avg的值。

您只能将switch()控件用于某些值,而不是间隔。在这种情况下,我建议你使用if {}结构。

或者你可以在多种情况下实现1个语句(但不可读)。

switch(avg){
   case 80: case 81: case 82:   //do this until 100

      cout << " Your Average is: " << avg << endl;
      cout << "You Grade is A+ " << endl;
      break;
}

你不需要为每个案例使用范围(大括号)。

答案 7 :(得分:0)

最好也可能最容易做的就是摆脱switch语句并使用“if”和“elseif”。