我一直试图解决这个问题,但我没有得到任何地方。希望有人可以来救我。
我的问题是我使用邻接列表数据模型在mysql中生成我的层次结构数据。我可以将表(见下文)检索到一个多维数组中,每个项目都有一个关联数组。我想要做的是,一旦我得到这个数组,我想得到另一个数组,包含父ID(包括父项)下的所有节点(子,孙等)。我只是无法锻炼如何编码tihs in PHP。
在MySQL中,我的表格如下所示:
id name parent_id
1 Electronics 0
2 Televisions 1
3 Portable Electronics 1
4 Tube 2
5 LCD 2
6 Plasma 2
7 Mp3 Players 3
8 CD Players 3
9 2 Way Radios 3
10 Flash 7
我可以使用此代码将所有行检索到关联数组中。
$r = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM test ");
$data = array();
while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($r)) {
$data[] = $row;
}
获取结果:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 1
[name] => Electronics
[parent_id] => 0
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 2
[name] => Televisions
[parent_id] => 1
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 3
[name] => Portable Electronics
[parent_id] => 1
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 4
[name] => Tube
[parent_id] => 2
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 5
[name] => LCD
[parent_id] => 2
)
[5] => Array
(
[id] => 6
[name] => Plasma
[parent_id] => 2
)
[6] => Array
(
[id] => 7
[name] => Mp3 Players
[parent_id] => 3
)
[7] => Array
(
[id] => 8
[name] => CD Players
[parent_id] => 3
)
[8] => Array
(
[id] => 9
[name] => 2 Way Radios
[parent_id] => 3
)
[9] => Array
(
[id] => 10
[name] => Flash
[parent_id] => 7
)
)
根据这些结果,我想用id过滤掉它。
比如说,我想要一个ID为3的便携式电子设备下的每个节点的关联数组。(代码使用id)
它将返回一个包含id的行的数组:
如果Flash有孩子,它也会返回那些。
因此,最终结果将返回一个类似上面的数组,但只返回那些项目。
请注意: 我不是在创建树结构的多维数组的函数之后(已经有了解决方案)。我想构建一个函数:fetch_recursive($ id),它接收一个ID并返回该级别中的所有项目等级等等
希望这有帮助
提前致谢
答案 0 :(得分:16)
我之前发布了一个解决方案,用于根据您提供的输出构建多维数组,以及从特定数组中获取特定id
的所有子元素的方法。我现在已经想出如何直接从输出中检索子元素(无需先通过buildtree()
函数:
function fetch_recursive($src_arr, $currentid, $parentfound = false, $cats = array())
{
foreach($src_arr as $row)
{
if((!$parentfound && $row['id'] == $currentid) || $row['parent_id'] == $currentid)
{
$rowdata = array();
foreach($row as $k => $v)
$rowdata[$k] = $v;
$cats[] = $rowdata;
if($row['parent_id'] == $currentid)
$cats = array_merge($cats, fetch_recursive($src_arr, $row['id'], true));
}
}
return $cats;
}
要使用上述函数,只需将输出数组$data
传递给第一个参数,并将id
传递给第二个参数中的子元素:
例如:
$list = fetch_recursive($data, 3);
哪个应该为id
3
提供正确的数组结构(如本答案最后一个代码框中的示例所示)。
原始答案:
到目前为止,我从来没有编写过递归函数来构建嵌套树。我确信还有很多其他人写过类似的功能,但是这个功能绝对适合你:
function buildtree($src_arr, $parent_id = 0, $tree = array())
{
foreach($src_arr as $idx => $row)
{
if($row['parent_id'] == $parent_id)
{
foreach($row as $k => $v)
$tree[$row['id']][$k] = $v;
unset($src_arr[$idx]);
$tree[$row['id']]['children'] = buildtree($src_arr, $row['id']);
}
}
ksort($tree);
return $tree;
}
此函数将以邻接列表的形式递归构建树,并按升序对id进行排序。这也使每个父/子的id
成为每个信息数组的关键。
此代码:
$r = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM test ");
$data = array();
while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($r)) {
$data[] = $row;
}
echo '<pre>';
print_r(buildtree($data));
echo '</pre>';
将输出如下内容:
Array
(
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 1
[name] => Electronics
[parent_id] => 0
[children] => Array
(
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 2
[name] => Televisions
[parent_id] => 1
[children] => Array
(
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 4
[name] => Tube
[parent_id] => 2
[children] => Array()
)
[5] => Array
(
[id] => 5
[name] => LCD
[parent_id] => 2
[children] => Array()
)
[6] => Array
(
[id] => 6
[name] => Plasma
[parent_id] => 2
[children] => Array()
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 3
[name] => Portable Electronics
[parent_id] => 1
[children] => Array
(
[7] => Array
(
[id] => 7
[name] => Mp3 Players
[parent_id] => 3
[children] => Array
(
[10] => Array
(
[id] => 10
[name] => Flash
[parent_id] => 7
[children] => Array()
)
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[id] => 8
[name] => CD Players
[parent_id] => 3
[children] => Array()
)
[9] => Array
(
[id] => 9
[name] => 2 Way Radios
[parent_id] => 3
[children] => Array()
)
)
)
)
)
)
要将特定id
的所有子节点放到一维数组上,您可以使用此函数:
function fetch_recursive($tree, $parent_id, $parentfound = false, $list = array())
{
foreach($tree as $k => $v)
{
if($parentfound || $k == $parent_id)
{
$rowdata = array();
foreach($v as $field => $value)
if($field != 'children')
$rowdata[$field] = $value;
$list[] = $rowdata;
if($v['children'])
$list = array_merge($list, fetch_recursive($v['children'], $parent_id, true));
}
elseif($v['children'])
$list = array_merge($list, fetch_recursive($v['children'], $parent_id));
}
return $list;
}
基于上面的buildtree()
函数,假设我们想要获取id
3的所有子节点:
echo '<pre>';
print_r(fetch_recursive(buildtree($a), 3));
echo '</pre>';
这将输出:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 3
[name] => Portable Electronics
[parent_id] => 1
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 7
[name] => Mp3 Players
[parent_id] => 3
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 10
[name] => Flash
[parent_id] => 7
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 8
[name] => CD Players
[parent_id] => 3
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 9
[name] => 2 Way Radios
[parent_id] => 3
)
)
答案 1 :(得分:0)
这是一种让您更进一步的方法,您可以决定如何构建结果数组以及选择包含哪些字段。这没有经过测试,但您应该看到逻辑。
// connect to db
// set id counter
$ids = 0;
// declare array
$categories = new Array();
// determine max ids
$query = mysql_query("SELECT COUNT(1) AS ids FROM test");
$result = mysql_fetch_array(query); // get result
$count = $result['ids'];
// loop through ids for parents
for($ids = 0; $ids <= $count; $ids++) {
$query1 = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM test WHERE id = '" . $ids . "'");
$query2 = mysql_query("SELECT id, name, parent_id FROM test WHERE parent_id = '" . $ids . "'");
// check if has children
if(mysql_num_rows($query2) > 0) {
// iterate through children and add to array
while (mysql_fetch_array($query2) as $row) {
$categories[$ids]['child'][$row['id']] = $row['name'];
}
}
// check if has siblings
if(mysql_num_rows($query1) > 0) {
// iterate through children and add to array
while (mysql_fetch_array($query2) as $row) {
$categories[$ids]['sibling'][$row['id']] = $row['name'];
}
}
}