我有2个具有以下结构的表(删除了不相关的列):
mysql> explain parts;
+-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| code | varchar(32) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| slug | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| title | varchar(64) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
和
mysql> explain details;
+-------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| sku | varchar(32) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| description | varchar(700) | YES | | NULL | |
| part_code | varchar(32) | NO | PRI | | |
+-------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
表parts
包含184147行,details
包含7278870行。
part_code
中的details
列代表code
表中的parts
列。
由于这些列为varchar
,因此我希望将列id int(11)
添加到parts
,将part_id int(11)
添加到details
。我试过这个:
mysql> alter table parts drop primary key;
Query OK, 184147 rows affected (0.66 sec)
Records: 184147 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> alter table parts add column
id int(11) not null auto_increment primary key first;
Query OK, 184147 rows affected (0.55 sec)
Records: 184147 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select id, code from parts limit 5;
+----+-------------------------+
| id | code |
+----+-------------------------+
| 1 | Yhk0KqSMeLcfH1KEfykihQ2 |
| 2 | IMl4iweZdmrBGvSUCtMCJA2 |
| 3 | rAKZUDj1WOnbkX_8S8mNbw2 |
| 4 | rV09rJ3X33-MPiNRcPTAwA2 |
| 5 | LPyIa_M_TOZ8655u1Ls5mA2 |
+----+-------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
所以现在我在parts
表中有正确数据的id列。将part_id
列添加到details
表后:
mysql> alter table details add column part_id int(11) not null after part_code;
Query OK, 7278870 rows affected (1 min 17.74 sec)
Records: 7278870 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
现在最大的问题是如何相应地更新part_id
?以下查询:
mysql> update details d
join parts p on d.part_code = p.code
set d.part_id = p.id;
跑了大约30个小时,直到我杀了它。
请注意,这两个表都是MyISAM:
mysql> select engine from information_schema.tables where table_schema = 'db_name' and (table_name = 'parts' or table_name = 'details');
+--------+
| ENGINE |
+--------+
| MyISAM |
| MyISAM |
+--------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
我刚刚意识到其中一个问题是删除parts
表上的密钥我将索引放在code
列上。另一方面,我在details
表上有以下索引(省略了一些不相关的列):
mysql> show indexes from details;
+---------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+------------+
| Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Index_type |
+---------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+------------+
| details | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | sku | A | NULL | BTREE |
| details | 0 | PRIMARY | 3 | part_code | A | 7278870 | BTREE |
+---------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
code
表的parts
列中添加索引,查询是否会在合理的时间内运行,还是会再运行几天?非常感谢!
答案 0 :(得分:4)
正如我在问题中提到的,我忘记了parts
表上删除的索引,所以我添加了它们:
alter table parts add key code (code);
受到Puggan Se答案的启发,我尝试在PHP脚本中使用LIMIT
上的UPDATE
,但LIMIT
不能与UPDATE
一起使用JOIN
在MySQL中{1}}。为了限制查询,我在details
表中添加了一个新列:
# drop the primary key,
alter table details drop primary key;
# so I can create an auto_increment column
alter table details add id int not null auto_increment primary key;
# alter the id column and remove the auto_increment
alter table details change id id int not null;
# drop again the primary key
alter table details drop primary key;
# add new indexes
alter table details add primary key ( id, sku, num, part_code );
现在我可以使用“限制”:
update details d
join parts p on d.part_code = p.code
set d.part_id = p.id
where d.id between 1 and 5000;
所以这是完整的PHP脚本:
$started = time();
$i = 0;
$total = 7278870;
echo "Started at " . date('H:i:s', $started) . PHP_EOL;
function timef($s){
$h = round($s / 3600);
$h = str_pad($h, 2, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
$s = $s % 3600;
$m = round( $s / 60);
$m = str_pad($m, 2, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
$s = $s % 60;
$s = str_pad($s, 2, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
return "$h:$m:$s";
}
while (1){
$i++;
$j = $i * 5000;
$k = $j + 4999;
$result = mysql_query("
update details d
join parts p on d.part_code = p.code
set d.part_id = p.id
where d.id between $j and $k
");
if(!$result) die(mysql_error());
if(mysql_affected_rows() == 0) die(PHP_EOL . 'Done!');
$p = round(($i * 5000) / $total, 4) * 100;
$s = time() - $started;
$ela = timef($s);
$eta = timef( (( $s / $p ) * 100) - $s );
$eq = floor($p/10);
$show_gt = ($p == 100);
$spaces = $show_gt ? 9 - $eq : 10 - $eq;
echo "\r {$p}% | [" . str_repeat('=', $eq) . ( $show_gt ? '' : '>' ) . str_repeat(' ', $spaces) . "] | Elapsed: ${ela} | ETA: ${eta}";
}
这是截图:
正如你所看到的,整件事花了不到5分钟:) 谢谢大家!
P.S。:还有一个错误,因为我后来发现part_id = 0
剩下4999行,但我已经手动完成了。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
您可能想要添加位置和限制,以便以块的形式更新
update details d
join parts p on d.part_code = p.code
set d.part_id = p.id
WHERE d.part_id =0
LIMIT 5000;
它会有更快的whit索引,如果你在上面的'1'中执行一个sugesten的查询,你可以查看5000行需要多长时间来处理
循环查询
while(TRUE)
{
$result = mysql_query($query);
if(!$result) die('Failed: ' . mysql_error());
if(mysql_affected_rows() == 0) die('Done');
echo '.';
}
编辑1 重写查询do以限制连接错误
您可以使用子查询来避免多个表更新:
UPDATE details
SET part_id = (SELECT id FROM parts WHERE parts.code = details.part_code)
WHERE part_id = 0
LIMIT 5000;
答案 2 :(得分:0)
您可以尝试从您尝试更新的表中删除索引。 MySQL在每行更新时重新创建索引。对于7M记录来说,它不会很快。