我有一个练习,它现在很好并且正在运行。本练习的算法是从FTP服务器下载文件,然后再次将其上传到FTP服务器的上传文件夹中。顺便说一句,这是我的代码:
import os
import zipfile
import ConfigParser
import ftputil
import shutil
import tempfile
import time
def download_files():
# Alvin: Think of a better variable name
file_list = ftp.listdir(downloads)
for filename in file_list:
# Alvin should be ftp.path.join
source = os.path.join(downloads, filename)
target = os.path.join(temp_path, filename)
ftp.download(source, target)
def zipping_files():
dirlist = os.listdir(temp_path)
global filepath
filepath = os.path.join(temp_path, 'part2b.zip')
# Alvin: find better name for zip_name
global zip_name
zip_name = zipfile.ZipFile(filepath, 'w')
# Alvin: try not to use built-in names as variable names
for list in dirlist:
# Alvin: file_path, absolute_path
get_file = os.path.join(temp_path, list)
zip_name.write(get_file, 'part2b\\' + list)
def upload_files():
ftp.upload(filepath, uploads + '/part2b.zip')
def main():
# Alvin: Do not use globals.
# Alvin: remove useless and above all misleading comments
global temp_path
temp_path = tempfile.mkdtemp()
config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
config.readfp(open('config.ini'))
server = config.get('main', 'Server')
username = config.get('main', 'Username')
password = config.get('main', 'Password')
global uploads
uploads = config.get('main', 'Upload folder')
global downloads
downloads = config.get('main', 'Download folder')
#connect to ftp
global ftp
# Alvin: open ftp connection when you only need it.
ftp = ftputil.FTPHost(server, username, password)
try:
download_files()
zipping_files()
upload_files()
finally:
ftp.close()
zip_name.close()
shutil.rmtree(temp_path, 'true')
print "Successfully transferred files."
print ""
print "This will close in 5 seconds. . . . ."
time.sleep(5)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
好的,命名惯例留给我。但我想问一个例子,我怎么能在不使用所有全局变量的情况下重新编码呢?谢谢你的帮助!
答案 0 :(得分:4)
你应该明确地为你的方法提供参数。
以下是您可以继续的方式:
不使用全局变量并拥有一个函数/一个方法的最佳点之一是,当出现问题时,它将非常容易进行测试/调试。
示例:强> 的
您的download_files()
需要downloads
和temp_path
,让他们成为参数,而不是全局
答案 1 :(得分:2)
截至目前,您main
中有四个全局变量。 (temp_path, uploads, downloads
和ftp
)。
首先,删除(注释)具有全局的行,然后这4个变量将本地变为main
。但这会使其他功能无法访问它们。所以,你需要将它们传递给函数。
为此,您可以将这些变量作为参数添加到需要它们的函数中。因此,例如,您try
阻止将更改为..
try:
download_files(downloads, temp_path)
zipping_files(temp_path)
upload_files(ftp)
现在,为了匹配参数的添加,您也应该更改功能。
从try
块调用的函数的签名将是:
def download_files(downloads, temp_path):
def zipping_files(temp_path):
def upload_files(ftp):
同样,您也可以删除其他函数中的全局变量(例如global filepath
中的zipping_files()
)。
答案 2 :(得分:0)
谢谢你们的帮助!你的所有答案都非常有帮助!这是我最后运行的代码:
import os
import zipfile
import ConfigParser
import ftputil
import shutil
import tempfile
import time
def download_files(downloads, temp_path, server, username, password):
ftp = ftputil.FTPHost(server, username, password)
file_list = ftp.listdir(downloads)
for filename in file_list:
source = os.path.join(downloads, filename)
target = os.path.join(temp_path, filename)
ftp.download(source, target)
ftp.close()
def zipping_files(temp_path):
file_list = os.listdir(temp_path)
filepath = os.path.join(temp_path, 'part2b.zip')
zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(filepath, 'w')
for filename in file_list:
file_path = os.path.join(temp_path, filename)
zip_file.write(file_path, 'part2b\\' + filename)
zip_file.close()
def upload_files(uploads, temp_path, server, username, password):
ftp = ftputil.FTPHost(server, username, password)
filepath = os.path.join(temp_path, 'part2b.zip')
ftp.upload(filepath, uploads + '/part2b.zip')
ftp.close()
def main():
temp_path = tempfile.mkdtemp()
config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
config.readfp(open('config.ini'))
server = config.get('main', 'Server')
username = config.get('main', 'Username')
password = config.get('main', 'Password')
uploads = config.get('main', 'Upload folder')
downloads = config.get('main', 'Download folder')
try:
download_files(downloads, temp_path, server, username, password)
zipping_files(temp_path)
upload_files(uploads, temp_path, server, username, password)
finally:
shutil.rmtree(temp_path, 'true')
print "Successfully transferred files."
print ""
print "This will close in 5 seconds. . . . ."
time.sleep(5)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
任何建议都将被考虑!再次感谢!
答案 3 :(得分:-1)
Python并不真正支持全局变量 - 它们通常是一个坏主意。要么将数据作为参数传递,要么将函数包装在类中,并将参数用作类成员。
(从技术上讲,python有全局关键字,但你必须在每个全局变量的每个函数中使用它。它应该是丑陋的。不要使用它。)