为了测试我的服务器/客户端应用程序，其中每个客户端的IP地址是已知的，我创建了几个网络适配器（请参阅How to Create a Virtual Network Adapter in .NET?）。 192.168.0.10和11现在都对应于本地以太网适配器（10是＆＃34;真正的＆＃34;一个，11是环回适配器）。
只要客户端没有Connect其套接字到特定地址，客户端就可以Bind自己到服务器。但如果确实如此，服务器没有注意到任何内容，并且客户端发生超时（我想使用Bind，出于安全考虑，服务器会通过查看IP地址自动检测哪个客户端连接自身新连接的远程端点：如果服务器不知道IP地址，服务器将立即断开连接 - 以前我使用的是多个虚拟机，但是它使用了更多的RAM并且不太实用使用）。
这是我服务器中的代码，例如在192.168.0.10:1234上收听
IPEndPoint myEP = new IPEndPoint(myAddress, myPort);
Socket listeningSocket = new Socket(myAddress.AddressFamily, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
listeningSocket.Bind(myEP);
listeningSocket.Listen(50);
Socket acceptedSocket = listeningSocket.Accept();
这是我客户端中的代码，例如绑定到192.168.0.11（任何端口）并连接到192.168.0.10:1234
Socket socket = new Socket(svrAddress.AddressFamily, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
socket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(myAddress, 0)); // Bind to local address using automatic port
socket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(svrAddress, svrPort)); // Works fine without Bind, timeout with Bind
我已经使用相应的IPv6地址尝试了相同的操作，但我得到了完全相同的结果。
如果我Bind客户端在同一个地址上（使用与服务器不同的端口），它可以正常工作。
知道我做错了什么吗？
编辑这是我的测试项目（可能对某人有用）
服务器部分：
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Server
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
IPAddress[] ips = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName()).AddressList;
string line = string.Empty;
while (line != "q")
{
// Gets the IP address to listen on.
Console.WriteLine("IP to listen on:");
int count = 0;
foreach (IPAddress ip in ips)
Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", ++count, ip.ToString());
string numString = Console.ReadLine();
int pos = Convert.ToInt32(numString) - 1;
IPAddress myAddress = ips[pos]; // Removing or not the scope ID doesn't change anything as "localEndPoint" below will contain it no matter what
// Binds and starts listening.
IPEndPoint myEP = new IPEndPoint(myAddress, 12345);
Socket listeningSocket = new Socket(myAddress.AddressFamily, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
listeningSocket.Bind(myEP);
listeningSocket.Listen(50);
IPEndPoint localEndPoint = (IPEndPoint)listeningSocket.LocalEndPoint;
Console.WriteLine("Listening on {0}:{1}", localEndPoint.Address, localEndPoint.Port);
Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
{
try
{
// Accepts new connections and sends some dummy byte array, then closes the socket.
Socket acceptedSocket = listeningSocket.Accept();
IPEndPoint remoteEndPoint = (IPEndPoint)acceptedSocket.RemoteEndPoint;
Console.WriteLine("Accepted connection from {0}:{1}.", remoteEndPoint.Address, remoteEndPoint.Port);
acceptedSocket.Send(new byte[] { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 });
acceptedSocket.Close(5000);
Console.WriteLine("-= FINISHED =- Type q to quit, anything else to continue");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{ }
});
line = Console.ReadLine();
// Closes the listening socket.
listeningSocket.Close();
}
}
}
}
客户端部分
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Client
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
IPAddress[] ips = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName()).AddressList;
string line = string.Empty;
while (line != "q")
{
// Gets the IP address to connect to (removes the "scope ID" if it's an IPv6).
Console.WriteLine("IP to connect to:");
int count = 0;
foreach (IPAddress ip in ips)
Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", ++count, ip.ToString());
string numString = Console.ReadLine();
int pos = Convert.ToInt32(numString) - 1;
IPAddress svrAddress = ips[pos].AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetworkV6
? new IPAddress(ips[pos].GetAddressBytes())
: ips[pos];
Console.WriteLine("Connecting to " + svrAddress);
// Gets the IP address to bind on (can chose "none" - also removes the "scope ID" if it's an IPv6).
Console.WriteLine("IP to bind to:");
Console.WriteLine("0: none");
count = 0;
IPAddress[] filteredIps = ips.Where(i => i.AddressFamily == svrAddress.AddressFamily).ToArray();
foreach (IPAddress ip in filteredIps)
Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", ++count, ip.ToString());
numString = Console.ReadLine();
pos = Convert.ToInt32(numString) - 1;
IPEndPoint localEndPoint = (pos == -1)
? null
: new IPEndPoint(
filteredIps[pos].AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetworkV6
? new IPAddress(filteredIps[pos].GetAddressBytes())
: filteredIps[pos]
, 0);
Console.WriteLine("Binding to " + (localEndPoint == null ? "none" : localEndPoint.Address.ToString()));
// Binds to an address if we chose to.
Socket socket = new Socket(svrAddress.AddressFamily, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
if (localEndPoint != null)
socket.Bind(localEndPoint);
Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
{
try
{
// Connects to the server and receives the dummy byte array, then closes the socket.
socket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(svrAddress, 12345));
IPEndPoint remoteEndPoint = (IPEndPoint)socket.RemoteEndPoint;
Console.WriteLine("Connected to {0}:{1}", remoteEndPoint.Address, remoteEndPoint.Port);
byte[] buffer = new byte[10];
Console.WriteLine((socket.Receive(buffer) == buffer.Length) ? "Received message" : "Incorrect message");
socket.Close();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// An exception occured: should be a SocketException due to a timeout if we chose to bind to an address.
Console.WriteLine("ERROR: " + ex.ToString());
}
Console.WriteLine("-= FINISHED =- Type q to quit, anything else to continue");
});
line = Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：7)
实际上这是我的网络适配器的配置问题，它与“弱主机模型”有关。
从我所阅读的内容（Using a specific network interface for a socket in windows）到Vista之前的Windows绑定只适用于传入流量，并且它不会对传出流量做任何事情。
从Vista开始它是可能的，但默认情况下它不起作用：您需要使用
允许“弱主机模型”netsh interface ipv4 set interface "loopback" weakhostreceive=enabled
netsh interface ipv4 set interface "loopback" weakhostsend=enabled
有关详细信息，请参阅http://blog.loadbalancer.org/direct-server-return-on-windows-2008-using-loopback-adpter/。
修改
实际上，不是创建多个环回适配器并更改其主机模型，而是创建一个环回适配器，在与真实IP不同的网络上为其提供多个IP地址，然后仅使用这些IP，这样更好更容易为了你的考验。这样就没有路由问题了，你确定一切都保持在本地（因为实际和环回适配器之间没有路由）。
答案 1 :(得分：6)
使用服务器中的以下代码绑定同一端口上所有接口的连接。
// Binds and starts listening.
IPEndPoint myEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 12345);