Question

我已经使用自制软件在新的Mac Lion安装上安装python，并且一直在尝试使用pip安装virtualenv和virtualenvwrapper，但是当我开始一个新的终端会话时，我得到了这个回溯：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named virtualenvwrapper.hook_loader
virtualenvwrapper.sh: There was a problem running the initialization hooks. 

If Python could not import the module virtualenvwrapper.hook_loader,
check that virtualenv has been installed for
VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python and that PATH is
set properly.

使用的python和pip来自自制软件，但它似乎要我使用Apple的默认python。我得到以下

~$ which python | xargs ls -l
lrwxr-xr-x  1 beard  admin  33 Jun 24 16:11 /usr/local/bin/python -> ../Cellar/python/2.7.3/bin/python
~$ echo $VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON
/usr/local/bin/python
~$ which pip | xargs ls -l
-rwxr-xr-x  1 beard  admin  301 Jun 24 16:18 /usr/local/share/python/pip
~$ which virtualenvwrapper.sh | xargs ls -l
-rwxr-xr-x  1 beard  admin  32227 Jun 24 16:19 /usr/local/share/python/virtualenvwrapper.sh

然而，似乎我认为我已经在/usr/bin/python

中使用系统python安装了pip（和virtualenv）

编辑：在我的bashrc中 -

export WORKON_HOME="$HOME/py-env"
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_LOG_DIR="$HOME/py-env"
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_HOOK_DIR="$HOME/py-env"
source /usr/local/share/python/virtualenvwrapper.sh
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON="/usr/local/bin/python"

Answer 1

由于您拥有自己的python版本，您是否尝试过覆盖VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON？（看起来你想要export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/local/bin/python）The virtualenvwrapper docs建议在采购virtualenvwrapper.sh之前将envvar设置为所需的python。他们的例子有：

export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/local/bin/python
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_VIRTUALENV=/usr/local/bin/virtualenv
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

Answer 2

为virtualenvwrapper.sh添加或更改〜/ .bash_profile的路径到/usr/local/share/python/virtualenvwrapper.sh

应该看起来像

export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/local/bin/python
export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs

source /usr/local/share/python/virtualenvwrapper.sh

Answer 3

我遇到类似的问题，Hombrew安装的Python与OS X Lion下系统安装的Python发生冲突。我无法使用Homebrew纠正问题。但是，当我切换到使用pythonbrew（https://github.com/utahta/pythonbrew）来管理我安装的Pythons（而不是Homebrew）时，我能够成功运行virtualenvwrapper。

Answer 4

如果你使用PythonBrew＆amp;具有ZSH shell的VirtualEnvBurrito，请确保检出.zprofile - 这包含一些执行VirtualEnvBurrito启动脚本的命令。由于.zprofile在.zshrc之前加载，因此Python版本是系统版本。这也会引发这个错误。

Answer 5

我在macOS Catalina上遇到了类似的问题。它随zsh和python 2.7一起提供

通过以下步骤，我安装了python3和虚拟环境，

安装自制软件

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"

安装python

brew install python

检查python的安装位置

brew show python

压缩后的输出，

==> Caveats
Python has been installed as
  /usr/local/bin/python3

Unversioned symlinks `python`, `python-config`, `pip` etc. pointing to
`python3`, `python3-config`, `pip3` etc., respectively, have been installed into
  /usr/local/opt/python/libexec/bin

You can install Python packages with
  pip3 install <package>
They will install into the site-package directory
  /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages

See: https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-and-Python

macOS上的默认python路径为/usr/bin/python，它指向Python 2.7。所以我们需要创建一个从python到python3的别名

alias python=/usr/local/bin/python3

然后按照上面@munchybunch所述的步骤进行操作

export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/local/bin/python3
export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

按照上述步骤，我能够创建一个虚拟环境，

mkvirtualenv dev

OS X Lion上virtualenvwrapper的错误消息

5 个答案: