将参数(结构中的结构数组中的结构)传递给C中的函数

时间:2012-06-23 21:08:45

标签: c arrays pointers struct typedef

我有一个结构“课程”和一个功能:

typedef struct Course_s
    {
    char* name;
    int grade;
    } Course;

int courseGetGrade(Course const* course)
    {
    assert(course);
    return course -> grade;
    }

和另一个结构“transcript”和一个函数:

typedef struct Transcript_s
    {
    char* name;
    struct Course** courseArray;
    } Transcript;

double tsAverageGrade(Transcript const *t)
    {
    double temp = 0;
    int a = 0;

    while(t -> courseArray[a] != NULL)
        {
        temp = temp + courseGetGrade(t -> courseArray[a]);
        a++;
        }

    return (temp / a);
    }

但我似乎无法通过论证t - > courseArray [a]到函数courseGetGrade。我对指针有点困惑,应该如何实现,我只是不明白为什么它不会像现在这样工作。 courseArray是一个Course结构数组,在数组的末尾有一个NULL指针。

我收到警告“从不兼容的指针类型”传递“courseGetGrade”的参数1。如果我在参数之前尝试添加“const”,则警告会更改为错误:“const”之前的预期表达式。

我正在使用普通的C.

非常感谢所有帮助!

编辑。这是完整的编译器输出。完整输出中有更多功能,因此警告比我最初发布的代码更多:

transcript.c: In function âtsAverageGradeâ:
transcript.c:66: warning: passing argument 1 of âcourseGetGradeâ from incompatible pointer type
course.h:27: note: expected âconst struct Course *â but argument is of type âstruct Course *â
transcript.c: In function âtsSetCourseArrayâ:
transcript.c:89: error: invalid application of âsizeofâ to incomplete type âstruct Courseâ
transcript.c:94: warning: assignment from incompatible pointer type
transcript.c: In function âtsPrintâ:
transcript.c:114: warning: passing argument 1 of âcourseGetNameâ from incompatible pointer type
course.h:24: note: expected âconst struct Course *â but argument is of type âstruct Course *â
transcript.c:114: warning: passing argument 1 of âcourseGetGradeâ from incompatible pointer type
course.h:27: note: expected âconst struct Course *â but argument is of type âstruct Course *â
transcript.c: In function âtsCopyâ:
transcript.c:126: warning: passing argument 2 of âtsSetCourseArrayâ from incompatible pointer type
transcript.c:80: note: expected âstruct Course **â but argument is of type âstruct Course ** constâ

Edit.2以下是导致第89行错误的函数:

void tsSetCourseArray(Transcrpt *t, Course **courses)
    {
    assert(t && courses);
    free(t -> courseArray);
    int a = 0;
    while(courses[a] != NULL)
        a++;
    t -> courseArray = malloc(sizeof(struct Course) * (a+1));

    a = 0;
    while(courses[a] != NULL)
        {
        t -> courseArray[a] = courseConstruct(courseGetName(courses[a]), courseGetGrade(courses[a]));
        a++;
        }

    t -> courseArray[a] = NULL;
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

变化:

typedef struct Transcript_s
{
    char* name;
    struct Course** courseArray;
} Transcript;

为:

typedef struct Transcript_s
{
    char* name;
    Course** courseArray; /* 'Course' is a typedef for 'struct Course_s'. */
} Transcript;

以下是不正确的,原因有两个:

t -> courseArray = malloc(sizeof(struct Course) * (a+1));

struct Course应该是Course,但更重要的是它应该是Course*,因为需要为Course*分配空间:t->courseArray是{{1} }}。改为:

Course**

此外,以下内容不会释放t -> courseArray = malloc(sizeof(Course*) * (a+1)); 中的Course个实例,它只释放指针数组:

courseArray

你需要迭代free(t -> courseArray); 并释放每个单独的元素,然后释放指针数组:

courseArray