如何在视图中创建非空列

时间:2012-06-19 09:08:31

标签: oracle casting oracle10g sql-view

给出如下表格:

CREATE TABLE "MyTable" 
(
  "MyColumn" NUMBER NOT NULL
);

我想创建一个类似的视图:

CREATE VIEW "MyView" AS
SELECT
    CAST("MyColumn" AS BINARY_DOUBLE) AS "MyColumn"
FROM "MyTable";

仅在“MyColumn”列为“NOT NULL”的地方。

在SQL Server中,这非常简单:

CREATE VIEW [MyView] AS
SELECT
    ISNULL(CAST([MyColumn] AS Float), 0.0) AS [MyColumn]
FROM [MyTable];

但是,Oracle等效项导致“NULL”列:

CREATE VIEW "MyView" AS
SELECT
    NVL(CAST("MyColumn" AS BINARY_DOUBLE), 0.0) AS "MyColumn"
FROM "MyTable";

是否有强制Oracle将视图的列标记为元数据中的“NOT NULL”?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:6)

您不能向视图添加非null或检查约束;请参阅this并在同一页面上“对NOT NULL约束的限制”和“检查约束的限制”。您可以向视图添加with check option(针对冗余where子句),但不会在数据字典中将其标记为not null

我能想到达到这个效果的唯一方法是,如果你在11g上,将转换值作为虚拟列添加到表上,并且(如果仍然需要)创建视图:

ALTER TABLE "MyTable" ADD "MyBDColumn" AS
    (CAST("MyColumn" AS BINARY_DOUBLE)) NOT NULL;

CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW "MyView" AS
SELECT
    "MyBDColumn" AS "MyColumn"
FROM "MyTable";

desc "MyView"

 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 MyColumn                                  NOT NULL BINARY_DOUBLE

既然你在dba.se的评论中说这是用来模拟某些东西,你可以使用普通列和触发器来模拟虚拟列:

CREATE TABLE "MyTable" 
(
  "MyColumn" NUMBER NOT NULL,
  "MyBDColumn" BINARY_DOUBLE NOT NULL
);

CREATE TRIGGER "MyTrigger" before update or insert on "MyTable"
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
    :new."MyBDColumn" := :new."MyColumn";
END;
/

CREATE VIEW "MyView" AS
SELECT
    "MyBDColumn" AS "MyColumn"
FROM "MyTable";

INSERT INTO "MyTable" ("MyColumn") values (2);

SELECT * FROM "MyView";

  MyColumn
----------
  2.0E+000

desc "MyView"仍然给出了:

 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 MyColumn                                  NOT NULL BINARY_DOUBLE

正如Leigh所提到的(同样在dba.se上),如果您确实要插入/更新视图,可以使用instead of触发器,使用VC或假版本。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

如果你 在视图列上有一个NOT NULL约束,我相信如果有问题的列是NULL,视图中的SELECT将会失败。如果这是意图,那么以下内容可能会为您提供所需内容:

CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW some_view AS
  SELECT some_field,
         some_other_field,
         CASE
           WHEN field_of_interest IS NOT NULL
             THEN CAST(field_of_interest AS BINARY_DOUBLE)
             ELSE 1 / 0
         END AS field_of_interest_not_null
     FROM some_table;

不是非常有吸引力,如果CASE的ELSE分支被采用,你会得到一个丑陋的“ORA-01476:除法等于零”消息,但也许这是迈向“更好”的道路上的一步。

分享并享受。


编辑:如果目标是仅选取目标列不为空的行,则可以在视图中添加WHERE子句,如:

CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW some_view AS
  SELECT some_field,
         some_other_field,
         CAST(field_of_interest AS BINARY_DOUBLE) AS field_of_interest
    FROM some_table
    WHERE field_of_interest IS NOT NULL;

因人而异。


EDIT2: 查看SQL Server示例,似乎正在使用ISNULL函数来确保该列永远不为NULL。如果这是可以接受的,您可以执行以下操作:

CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW some_view AS
  SELECT some_field,
         some_other_field,
         CAST(NVL(field_of_interest, 0.0) AS BINARY_DOUBLE) AS field_of_interest
    FROM some_table
    WHERE field_of_interest IS NOT NULL;

引用Bullwinkle的话说,“这次确定!!!” : - )