检测Javascript变量是否确实未定义

时间:2012-06-12 15:05:49

标签: javascript

我们如何区分var foo;var foo=undefined;

typeof foo将返回“undefined”,foo in window将返回true;

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:10)

var foo隐含var foo=undefined,除非undefined被设置为undefined以外的其他内容。

这可以在浏览器控制台中看到,如果您初始化变量但没有给它一个值,它将具有值undefined(以及类型"undefined"

答案 1 :(得分:2)

  

我们如何区分var foo;var foo=undefined;

之间没有区别,如果此行在foo的所有用途之前。 (它不必。)JavaScript引擎会看到这样的行var foo=undefined;

// At top of scope
var foo; // `foo` will have the value `undefined`

// Where the var foo=undefined; line was
foo = undefined;

请注意,它们是在不同时间发生的完全不同的事情。声明和“初始化”(它实际上是一个赋值)分别发生 。声明在进入执行单位时发生;初始化/分配稍后发生,作为逐步执行代码的一部分。 (更多:Poor misunderstood var

这意味着,如果你有这个:

foo = 5;
alert(typeof foo); // "number"
var foo = undefined;
alert(typeof foo); // "undefined"

......这不是错误,因为引擎处理的方式是:

var foo;
foo = 5;
alert(typeof foo); // "number"
foo = undefined;
alert(typeof foo); // "undefined"

答案 2 :(得分:2)

一个正确的例子可以创造奇迹:

function winFoo() {
  console.log('foo' in window);
}

function startFoo() {
  window.foo = 'bar';
}

function ovrFoo() {
  window.foo = undefined;
}

function removeFoo() {
  delete window.foo;
}

//window.foo === undefined
//window.foo hasn't been defined yet
winFoo(); //false
//so it makes sense that 'foo' is not in window
startFoo(); //window.foo === 'bar'
//window.foo has now been set to 'bar'
winFoo(); //true
//so it makes sense that 'foo' is in window
ovrFoo(); //window.foo === undefined
//window.foo has been overridden with a value of undefined
winFoo(); //true
//but the key 'foo' still exists in window, it just has a value of undefined
removeFoo(); //window.foo === undefined
//the key 'foo' has been removed from window and its value is therefor forgotten
winFoo(); //false
//so it makes sense that 'foo' is not in window

Here's a fiddle

此外,在任何函数上下文之外声明var foo,如果window.foo,则undefined的值!('foo' in window)实例化var foo(意味着如果您多次调用var在相同的代码块中,如果有一个,它不会覆盖现有值。更重要的是,functionconsole.log('foo' in window); var foo; console.log('foo' in window); 语句实际上被提升到其范围的顶部,这意味着:

true

将打印false两次而不是true,然后是{{1}}。

答案 3 :(得分:0)

方式1:

if (null === var)


(对旧浏览器):

if (void 0 != var)


另一个:

if(var) 


并使用它像:

var un;
if (un==undefined)
{
alert('Yes');
} else {
alert('No');
}