Question

这是一个边缘案例，但我正在开发一个使用多个显示器的游戏。出于这个问题范围之外的原因，我使用的是“多设备方法”而不是交换链。我的代码类似于以下示例：

http://www.codesampler.com/dx9src/dx9src_1.htm#dx9_multiple_devices

我正在努力解决的问题是，是否可以在真正的全屏幕中运行两个窗口（即d3dpp.Windowed = FALSE;）。目前我第二次打电话给CreateDevice时遇到'无效参数'HRESULT。如果窗口的一个是全屏的，它可以正常工作，但不能同时工作。我希望有一个设置让这项工作尽管......

提前干杯

Answer 1

根据Direct3D 9文档（Working with Multiple Monitor Systems）：“实际意义是多监视器应用程序可以将多个设备置于全屏模式，但只有当所有这些设备都用于不同的适配器时，才会创建通过相同的Direct3D9对象，并且所有对象都共享相同的焦点窗口。“

您会注意到每个设备初始化有两个窗口句柄;演示窗口和焦点窗口。焦点窗口（传入IDirect3D9::CreateDevice）用于处理事件，例如从前景切换到背景或Alt + Tab。演示窗口传入D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS结构，仅用作Direct3D的画布。

您应该将您创建的其中一个窗口（可能是第一个窗口）标记为焦点窗口。在设备之间共享焦点窗口，但保持“画布”（演示）窗口分开。

编辑： This也可以为您提供帮助。

为两个设备创建一个焦点窗口。

（可选）为第一个适配器创建设备窗口。

为第二个适配器创建设备窗口。

创建direct3d9上下文。

使用它来创建两个设备。

使用共享焦点窗口和（可选）第一个设备窗口创建第一个全屏设备。

使用共享焦点窗口和第二个设备窗口创建第二个全屏设备。

重置第一台设备。

共享焦点窗口作为参数直接传递给CreateDevice。

设备窗口在表示参数结构中传递。

Answer 2

Q＆gt; 目前，我第二次调用CreateDevice时遇到'无效的params'HRESULT。如果其中一个窗口，它工作正常全屏，但不是两者兼而有之。

因为您使用相同的适配器ID创建了两个不同的设备。将第二个创建设备调用使用adater id作为1！

创建设备2或3或4后要执行的重要步骤... 重置设备1（默认设备ID为0）。

Create Device 1
Create Device 2
........
........
Create Device n    
Reset Device 1

为了让您和您的生活更轻松，我添加了一个工作代码，以支持全屏多个监视器（Directx 9）。请注意，我已经从您在问题中提到的网络链接中提取的示例代码中添加/更改了几行代码。

#define STRICT
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN

#include <windows.h>
#include <mmsystem.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <d3d9.h>
#include <d3dx9.h>
#include "resource.h"

// define the screen resolution
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 1920
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 1080

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// GLOBALS
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LPDIRECT3D9 g_pD3D = NULL;
HWND g_hWnd_0 = NULL; // Handle to the first window
HWND g_hWnd_1 = NULL; // Handle to the second window

LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_pd3dDevice_0 = NULL; // Direct3d device for the first window
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_pd3dDevice_1 = NULL; // Direct3d device for the second window

LPD3DXMESH g_pTeapotMesh_0 = NULL; // The two devices can't share resources, so we'll
LPD3DXMESH g_pTeapotMesh_1 = NULL; // have to create two meshes... one for each device

D3DMATERIAL9 g_teapotMtrl;
D3DLIGHT9 g_pLight0;

LPD3DXFONT g_pd3dxFont = NULL;

DWORD g_dwBackBufferWidth = 0;
DWORD g_dwBackBufferHeight = 0;

bool windowed = false;

float g_fSpinX = 0.0f;
float g_fSpinY = 0.0f;

double g_dElpasedFrameTime = 0.0f;
double g_dElpasedAppTime = 0.0f;
double g_dCurrentTime = 0.0f;
double g_dLastTime = 0.0f;

struct Vertex
{
    float x, y, z; // Position of vertex in 3D space
    float nx, ny, nz; // Normal for lighting calculations
    DWORD diffuse; // Diffuse color of vertex

    enum FVF
    {
        FVF_Flags = D3DFVF_XYZ | D3DFVF_NORMAL | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE
    };
};

#define TWO

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// PROTOTYPES
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
    LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow);
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
void CreateFont(void);
void init_0(void);
void init_1(void);
void shutDown_0(void);
void shutDown_1(void);
void render_0(void);
void render_1(void);
void LoadModels(void);
void ResetDevice(void);

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: WinMain()
// Desc: The application's entry point
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance,
    HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
    LPSTR lpCmdLine,
    int nCmdShow )
{
    WNDCLASSEX winClass;
    MSG uMsg;
    bool deviceReset = FALSE;

    memset(&uMsg,0,sizeof(uMsg));
    winClass.lpszClassName = "MY_WINDOWS_CLASS";
    winClass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    winClass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    winClass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
    winClass.hInstance = hInstance;
    winClass.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_DIRECTX_ICON);
    winClass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_DIRECTX_ICON);
    winClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    winClass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
    winClass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
    winClass.cbClsExtra = 0;
    winClass.cbWndExtra = 0;

    if(!RegisterClassEx( &winClass) )
        return E_FAIL;

    //
    // Create window #0...
    //

    g_hWnd_0 = CreateWindowEx( NULL, "MY_WINDOWS_CLASS",
        "Direct3D (DX9) - Multiple Devices (Window #0)",
        WS_EX_TOPMOST | WS_POPUP, // fullscreen values /* WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,*/
        0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL );

    if( g_hWnd_0 == NULL )
        return E_FAIL;

    ShowWindow( g_hWnd_0, nCmdShow );
    UpdateWindow( g_hWnd_0 );

#ifdef TWO
    //
    // Create window #1...
    //
    g_hWnd_1 = CreateWindowEx( NULL, "MY_WINDOWS_CLASS",
        "Direct3D (DX9) - Multiple Devices (Window #1)",
        WS_EX_TOPMOST | WS_POPUP, // fullscreen values /* WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,*/
        1920, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL );

    if( g_hWnd_1 == NULL )
        return E_FAIL;

    ShowWindow( g_hWnd_1, nCmdShow );
    UpdateWindow( g_hWnd_1 );
#endif
    //
    // Init Direct3D usage on both windows...
    //

    init_0();
#ifdef TWO
    init_1();
#endif

    ResetDevice(); // Important !!!

    LoadModels();

    while( uMsg.message != WM_QUIT )
    {
        if( PeekMessage( &uMsg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE ) )
        {
            TranslateMessage( &uMsg );
            DispatchMessage( &uMsg );
        }
        else
        {
            g_dCurrentTime = timeGetTime();
            g_dElpasedFrameTime = g_dCurrentTime - g_dLastTime; // How much time has passed since the last frame?
            g_dElpasedAppTime += g_dElpasedFrameTime; // How much time has passed overall for the application?
            g_dLastTime = g_dCurrentTime;

            render_0();
#ifdef TWO
            render_1();
#endif
        }
    }

    //
    // Cleanup Direct3D usage on both windows...
    //
#ifdef TWO
    shutDown_1();
#endif
    shutDown_0();

    UnregisterClass( "MY_WINDOWS_CLASS", winClass.hInstance );
    return uMsg.wParam;
}

void ResetDevice(void)
{
    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
    ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));
    d3dpp.Windowed = windowed;
    d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = g_hWnd_0;
    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_FLIP;
    d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8;
    d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH; // set the width of the buffer
    d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = SCREEN_HEIGHT; // set the height of the buffer
    d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;
    d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = TRUE;
    d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16;
    d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_ONE;
    g_pd3dDevice_0->Reset(&d3dpp);
}

void LoadModels(void)
{
    D3DXMATRIX matProj;
    D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH( &matProj, D3DXToRadian(45.0f), 1920.0f / 1080.0f, 0.1f, 100.0f );
    g_pd3dDevice_0->SetTransform( D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProj );

    g_pd3dDevice_0->SetRenderState( D3DRS_ZENABLE, TRUE );
    g_pd3dDevice_0->SetRenderState( D3DRS_LIGHTING, TRUE );
    g_pd3dDevice_0->SetRenderState( D3DRS_SPECULARENABLE, TRUE );

    // Setup a material for the teapot
    ZeroMemory( &g_teapotMtrl, sizeof(D3DMATERIAL9) );

    g_teapotMtrl.Diffuse.r = 1.0f;
    g_teapotMtrl.Diffuse.g = 1.0f;
    g_teapotMtrl.Diffuse.b = 1.0f;
    g_teapotMtrl.Diffuse.a = 1.0f;

    // Setup a simple directional light and some ambient...
    g_pLight0.Type = D3DLIGHT_DIRECTIONAL;
    g_pLight0.Direction = D3DXVECTOR3( 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f );

    g_pLight0.Diffuse.r = 1.0f;
    g_pLight0.Diffuse.g = 1.0f;
    g_pLight0.Diffuse.b = 1.0f;
    g_pLight0.Diffuse.a = 1.0f;

    g_pLight0.Specular.r = 1.0f;
    g_pLight0.Specular.g = 1.0f;
    g_pLight0.Specular.b = 1.0f;
    g_pLight0.Specular.a = 1.0f;

    g_pd3dDevice_0->SetLight( 0, &g_pLight0 );
    g_pd3dDevice_0->LightEnable( 0, TRUE );

    g_pd3dDevice_0->SetRenderState( D3DRS_AMBIENT, D3DCOLOR_COLORVALUE( 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f ) );

    // Load up the teapot mesh...
    D3DXLoadMeshFromX( "teapot.x", D3DXMESH_SYSTEMMEM, g_pd3dDevice_0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, &g_pTeapotMesh_0 );

    CreateFont();

#ifndef TWO
    return;
#endif

    D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH( &matProj, D3DXToRadian(45.0f), 1920.0f / 1080.0f, 0.1f, 100.0f );
    g_pd3dDevice_1->SetTransform( D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProj );

    g_pd3dDevice_1->SetRenderState( D3DRS_ZENABLE, TRUE );
    g_pd3dDevice_1->SetRenderState( D3DRS_LIGHTING, TRUE );
    g_pd3dDevice_1->SetRenderState( D3DRS_SPECULARENABLE, TRUE );

    // Setup a material for the teapot
    ZeroMemory( &g_teapotMtrl, sizeof(D3DMATERIAL9) );

    g_teapotMtrl.Diffuse.r = 1.0f;
    g_teapotMtrl.Diffuse.g = 1.0f;
    g_teapotMtrl.Diffuse.b = 1.0f;
    g_teapotMtrl.Diffuse.a = 1.0f;

    // Setup a simple directional light and some ambient...
    g_pLight0.Type = D3DLIGHT_DIRECTIONAL;
    g_pLight0.Direction = D3DXVECTOR3( 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f );

    g_pLight0.Diffuse.r = 1.0f;
    g_pLight0.Diffuse.g = 1.0f;
    g_pLight0.Diffuse.b = 1.0f;
    g_pLight0.Diffuse.a = 1.0f;

    g_pLight0.Specular.r = 1.0f;
    g_pLight0.Specular.g = 1.0f;
    g_pLight0.Specular.b = 1.0f;
    g_pLight0.Specular.a = 1.0f;

    g_pd3dDevice_1->SetLight( 0, &g_pLight0 );
    g_pd3dDevice_1->LightEnable( 0, TRUE );

    g_pd3dDevice_1->SetRenderState( D3DRS_AMBIENT, D3DCOLOR_COLORVALUE( 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f ) );

    // Load up the teapot mesh...
    D3DXLoadMeshFromX( "teapot.x", D3DXMESH_SYSTEMMEM, g_pd3dDevice_1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, &g_pTeapotMesh_1 );
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: WindowProc()
// Desc: The window's message handler
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
    static POINT ptLastMousePosit;
    static POINT ptCurrentMousePosit;
    static bool bMousing;

    switch( msg )
    {
    case WM_KEYDOWN:
        {
            switch( wParam )
            {
            case VK_ESCAPE:
                PostQuitMessage(0);
                break;
            }
        }
        break;

    case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
        {
            ptLastMousePosit.x = ptCurrentMousePosit.x = LOWORD (lParam);
            ptLastMousePosit.y = ptCurrentMousePosit.y = HIWORD (lParam);
            bMousing = true;
        }
        break;

    case WM_LBUTTONUP:
        {
            bMousing = false;
        }
        break;

    case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
        {
            ptCurrentMousePosit.x = LOWORD (lParam);
            ptCurrentMousePosit.y = HIWORD (lParam);

            if( bMousing )
            {
                g_fSpinX -= (ptCurrentMousePosit.x - ptLastMousePosit.x);
                g_fSpinY -= (ptCurrentMousePosit.y - ptLastMousePosit.y);
            }

            ptLastMousePosit.x = ptCurrentMousePosit.x;
            ptLastMousePosit.y = ptCurrentMousePosit.y;
        }
        break;

    case WM_CLOSE:
        {
            PostQuitMessage(0);
        }

    case WM_DESTROY:
        {
            PostQuitMessage(0);
        }
        break;

    default:
        {
            return DefWindowProc( hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam );
        }
        break;
    }

    return 0;
}

void CreateFont( void )
{
    HRESULT hr;
    HDC hDC;
    //HFONT hFont;
    int nHeight;
    int nPointSize = 9;
    //char strFontName[] = "Arial";

    hDC = GetDC( NULL );

    nHeight = -( MulDiv( nPointSize, GetDeviceCaps(hDC, LOGPIXELSY), 72 ) );

    ReleaseDC( NULL, hDC );

    // Create a font for statistics and help output
    hr = D3DXCreateFont( g_pd3dDevice_0, nHeight, 0, FW_BOLD, 0, FALSE, DEFAULT_CHARSET, OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS, DEFAULT_QUALITY, DEFAULT_PITCH | FF_DONTCARE, TEXT("Arial"), &g_pd3dxFont );

    if( FAILED( hr ) ) MessageBox(NULL, "Call to D3DXCreateFont failed!", "ERROR", MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: init_0()
// Desc:
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void init_0( void )
{
    g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate9( D3D_SDK_VERSION );

    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
    ZeroMemory( &d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp) );

    d3dpp.Windowed = windowed;
    d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = g_hWnd_0;
    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_FLIP;
    d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8;
    d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH; // set the width of the buffer
    d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = SCREEN_HEIGHT; // set the height of the buffer
    d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;
    d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = TRUE;
    d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16;
    d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_ONE;

    g_pD3D->CreateDevice( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, g_hWnd_0, D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &g_pd3dDevice_0 );

}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: init_1()
// Desc:
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void init_1( void )
{
    HWND window;

    if(!windowed)
    {
        window = g_hWnd_0;
    }
    else
    {
        window = g_hWnd_1;
    }

    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
    ZeroMemory( &d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp) );
    d3dpp.Windowed = windowed;
    d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = window;
    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_FLIP;
    d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8;
    d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH; // set the width of the buffer
    d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = SCREEN_HEIGHT; // set the height of the buffer
    d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;
    d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = TRUE;
    d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16;
    d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_ONE;

    g_pD3D->CreateDevice( 1, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, window, D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &g_pd3dDevice_1 );

}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: shutDown()
// Desc:
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void shutDown_0( void )
{
    if( g_pTeapotMesh_0 != NULL )
        g_pTeapotMesh_0->Release();

    if( g_pd3dDevice_0 != NULL )
        g_pd3dDevice_0->Release();

    if( g_pD3D != NULL )
        g_pD3D->Release();
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: shutDown()
// Desc:
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void shutDown_1( void )
{
    if( g_pTeapotMesh_1 != NULL )
        g_pTeapotMesh_1->Release();

    if( g_pd3dDevice_1 != NULL )
        g_pd3dDevice_1->Release();
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: render_0()
// Desc:
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void render_0( void )
{
    D3DXMATRIX matView;
    D3DXMATRIX matWorld;
    D3DXMATRIX matRotation;
    D3DXMATRIX matTranslation;
    static int nFrameCount = 0;
    static double nTimeOfLastFPSUpdate = 0.0;
    static char fpsString[50] = "Frames Per Second = ";
    RECT destRect;

    // Now we can clear just view-port's portion of the buffer to red...
    g_pd3dDevice_0->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_COLORVALUE( 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f ), 1.0f, 0 );

    g_pd3dDevice_0->BeginScene();

    // For the left view-port, leave the view at the origin...
    D3DXMatrixIdentity( &matView );
    g_pd3dDevice_0->SetTransform( D3DTS_VIEW, &matView );

    // ... and use the world matrix to spin and translate the teapot
    // out where we can see it...
    D3DXMatrixRotationYawPitchRoll( &matRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fSpinX), D3DXToRadian(g_fSpinY), 0.0f );
    D3DXMatrixTranslation( &matTranslation, 0.0f, 0.0f, 5.0f );
    matWorld = matRotation * matTranslation;
    g_pd3dDevice_0->SetTransform( D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld );

    g_pd3dDevice_0->SetMaterial( &g_teapotMtrl );
    g_pTeapotMesh_0->DrawSubset(0);

    g_pd3dDevice_0->EndScene();

    // Report frames per second and the number of objects culled...
    ++nFrameCount;

    if( g_dElpasedAppTime - nTimeOfLastFPSUpdate > 1000 ) // Update once a second
    {
        sprintf( fpsString, "Frames Per Second = %4.2f", nFrameCount*1000.0/(g_dElpasedAppTime - nTimeOfLastFPSUpdate) );

        nTimeOfLastFPSUpdate = g_dElpasedAppTime;
        nFrameCount = 0;
    }

    SetRect( &destRect, 5, 5, 0, 0 );

    g_pd3dxFont->DrawText( NULL, fpsString, -1, &destRect, DT_NOCLIP, D3DXCOLOR( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f ) );

    g_pd3dDevice_0->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Name: render_1()
// Desc:
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void render_1( void )
{
    D3DXMATRIX matView;
    D3DXMATRIX matWorld;
    D3DXMATRIX matRotation;
    D3DXMATRIX matTranslation;

    // Now we can clear just view-port's portion of the buffer to green...
    g_pd3dDevice_1->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_COLORVALUE( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f ), 1.0f, 0 );

    g_pd3dDevice_1->BeginScene();

    // For the left view-port, leave the view at the origin...
    D3DXMatrixIdentity( &matView );
    g_pd3dDevice_1->SetTransform( D3DTS_VIEW, &matView );

    // ... and use the world matrix to spin and translate the teapot
    // out where we can see it...
    D3DXMatrixRotationYawPitchRoll( &matRotation, D3DXToRadian(g_fSpinX), D3DXToRadian(g_fSpinY), 0.0f );
    D3DXMatrixTranslation( &matTranslation, 0.0f, 0.0f, 5.0f );
    matWorld = matRotation * matTranslation;
    g_pd3dDevice_1->SetTransform( D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld );


    g_pd3dDevice_1->SetMaterial( &g_teapotMtrl );
    g_pTeapotMesh_1->DrawSubset(0);

    g_pd3dDevice_1->EndScene();

    // We're done! Now, we just call Present()
    g_pd3dDevice_1->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}

带有DirectX 9.0的多个全屏窗口

2 个答案: