在.NET / C＃test中，如果进程具有管理权限

Question

是否有规范的方法来测试该进程是否具有计算机的管理权限？

我将开始一个长时间运行的过程，并且在此过程的生命周期中，它会尝试一些需要管理员权限的事情。

如果流程具有这些权利而不是以后，我希望能够预先测试。

Answer 1

这将检查用户是否在本地Administrators组中（假设您没有检查域管理员权限）

using System.Security.Principal;

public bool IsUserAdministrator()
{
    //bool value to hold our return value
    bool isAdmin;
    WindowsIdentity user = null;
    try
    {
        //get the currently logged in user
        user = WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent();
        WindowsPrincipal principal = new WindowsPrincipal(user);
        isAdmin = principal.IsInRole(WindowsBuiltInRole.Administrator);
    }
    catch (UnauthorizedAccessException ex)
    {
        isAdmin = false;
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        isAdmin = false;
    }
    finally
    {
        if (user != null)
            user.Dispose();
    }
    return isAdmin;
}

Answer 2

从Wadih M的代码开始，我有一些额外的P / Invoke代码来尝试处理UAC启用时的情况。

http://www.davidmoore.info/blog/2011/06/20/how-to-check-if-the-current-user-is-an-administrator-even-if-uac-is-on/

首先，我们需要一些代码来支持GetTokenInformation API调用：

[DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
static extern bool GetTokenInformation(IntPtr tokenHandle, TokenInformationClass tokenInformationClass, IntPtr tokenInformation, int tokenInformationLength, out int returnLength);

/// <summary>
/// Passed to <see cref="GetTokenInformation"/> to specify what
/// information about the token to return.
/// </summary>
enum TokenInformationClass
{
     TokenUser = 1,
     TokenGroups,
     TokenPrivileges,
     TokenOwner,
     TokenPrimaryGroup,
     TokenDefaultDacl,
     TokenSource,
     TokenType,
     TokenImpersonationLevel,
     TokenStatistics,
     TokenRestrictedSids,
     TokenSessionId,
     TokenGroupsAndPrivileges,
     TokenSessionReference,
     TokenSandBoxInert,
     TokenAuditPolicy,
     TokenOrigin,
     TokenElevationType,
     TokenLinkedToken,
     TokenElevation,
     TokenHasRestrictions,
     TokenAccessInformation,
     TokenVirtualizationAllowed,
     TokenVirtualizationEnabled,
     TokenIntegrityLevel,
     TokenUiAccess,
     TokenMandatoryPolicy,
     TokenLogonSid,
     MaxTokenInfoClass
}

/// <summary>
/// The elevation type for a user token.
/// </summary>
enum TokenElevationType
{
    TokenElevationTypeDefault = 1,
    TokenElevationTypeFull,
    TokenElevationTypeLimited
}

然后，检测用户是否为管理员的实际代码（如果是，则返回true，否则为false）。

var identity = WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent();
if (identity == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("Couldn't get the current user identity");
var principal = new WindowsPrincipal(identity);

// Check if this user has the Administrator role. If they do, return immediately.
// If UAC is on, and the process is not elevated, then this will actually return false.
if (principal.IsInRole(WindowsBuiltInRole.Administrator)) return true;

// If we're not running in Vista onwards, we don't have to worry about checking for UAC.
if (Environment.OSVersion.Platform != PlatformID.Win32NT || Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major < 6)
{
     // Operating system does not support UAC; skipping elevation check.
     return false;
}

int tokenInfLength = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(int));
IntPtr tokenInformation = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(tokenInfLength);

try
{
    var token = identity.Token;
    var result = GetTokenInformation(token, TokenInformationClass.TokenElevationType, tokenInformation, tokenInfLength, out tokenInfLength);

    if (!result)
    {
        var exception = Marshal.GetExceptionForHR( Marshal.GetHRForLastWin32Error() );
        throw new InvalidOperationException("Couldn't get token information", exception);
    }

    var elevationType = (TokenElevationType)Marshal.ReadInt32(tokenInformation);

    switch (elevationType)
    {
        case TokenElevationType.TokenElevationTypeDefault:
            // TokenElevationTypeDefault - User is not using a split token, so they cannot elevate.
            return false;
        case TokenElevationType.TokenElevationTypeFull:
            // TokenElevationTypeFull - User has a split token, and the process is running elevated. Assuming they're an administrator.
            return true;
        case TokenElevationType.TokenElevationTypeLimited:
            // TokenElevationTypeLimited - User has a split token, but the process is not running elevated. Assuming they're an administrator.
            return true;
        default:
            // Unknown token elevation type.
            return false;
     }
}
finally
{    
    if (tokenInformation != IntPtr.Zero) Marshal.FreeHGlobal(tokenInformation);
}

Answer 3

如果您想确保您的解决方案在Vista UAC中运行，并且拥有.Net Framework 3.5或更高版本，则可能需要使用System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement命名空间。您的代码看起来像：

bool isAllowed = false;
using (PrincipalContext pc = new PrincipalContext(ContextType.Machine, null))
{
    UserPrincipal up = UserPrincipal.Current;
    GroupPrincipal gp = GroupPrincipal.FindByIdentity(pc, "Administrators");
    if (up.IsMemberOf(gp))
        isAllowed = true;
}

Answer 4

尝试了Erwin的代码，但没有编译。

让它像这样工作：

[DllImport("shell32.dll")] public static extern bool IsUserAnAdmin();

Answer 5

使用.NET Framework 4.5，检查用户是否在管理员组中似乎更容易：

WindowsPrincipal principal = WindowsPrincipal.Current;
bool canBeAdmin = principal.Claims.Any((c) => c.Value == "S-1-5-32-544");

Answer 6

利用IsInRole方法的其他答案仅在用户使用提升的令牌运行时才返回true，正如其他人所评论的那样。以下是在标准和高级上下文中仅检查本地Administrators组成员身份的潜在替代方法：

bool isAdmin = false;
using (var user = WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent())
{
    var principal = new WindowsPrincipal(user);
    // Check for token claim with well-known Administrators group SID
    const string LOCAL_ADMININSTRATORS_GROUP_SID = "S-1-5-32-544";
    if (principal.Claims.SingleOrDefault(x => x.Value == LOCAL_ADMININSTRATORS_GROUP_SID) != null)
    {
        isAdmin = true;
    }
}

return isAdmin;

Answer 7

使用可以使用WMI来查找该帐户是否为管理员，以及您想知道的有关该帐户的任何其他内容

using System;
using System.Management;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WMISample
{
    public class MyWMIQuery
    {
        public static void Main()
        {
            try
            {
                ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = 
                    new ManagementObjectSearcher("root\\CIMV2", 
                    "SELECT * FROM Win32_UserAccount"); 

                foreach (ManagementObject queryObj in searcher.Get())
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------");
                    Console.WriteLine("Win32_UserAccount instance");
                    Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------");
                    Console.WriteLine("AccountType: {0}", queryObj["AccountType"]);
                    Console.WriteLine("FullName: {0}", queryObj["FullName"]);
                    Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}", queryObj["Name"]);
                }
            }
            catch (ManagementException e)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("An error occurred while querying for WMI data: " + e.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

让您更轻松地开始下载WMI Creator

你也可以使用它访问活动目录（LDAP）或你计算机/网络上的任何其他东西

Answer 8

以下经过测试可在Windows 10和Ubuntu Linux上的.NET Core 3中工作：

[DllImport("libc")]
public static extern uint getuid(); // Only used on Linux but causes no issues on Windows

static bool RunningAsAdmin()
{
    if (RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Windows))
    {
        using var identity = WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent();
        WindowsPrincipal principal = new WindowsPrincipal(identity);
        return principal.IsInRole(WindowsBuiltInRole.Administrator);
    }
    else return getuid() == 0;
}

当UAC有效（Windows）或应用程序在Linux上以超级用户身份运行时（例如true），它将返回sudo myapp。

如果任何人都有机会在MacOS上进行测试，请分享您的发现。

Answer 9

怎么样：

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

internal static class Useful {
    [DllImport("shell32.dll", EntryPoint = "IsUserAnAdmin")]
    public static extern bool IsUserAnAdministrator();
}

Answer 10

有4种可能的方法 - 我更喜欢：

(new WindowsPrincipal(WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent())).IsInRole(WindowsBuiltInRole.Administrator);

以下代码为您提供当前用户身份的所有相关声明数据列表。

注意： WindowsPrincipal.Current .Claims和之间返回的声明列表之间存在很大差异（新WindowsPrincipal（WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent（） ））。声明

Console.WriteLine("press the ENTER key to start listing user claims:");
Console.ReadLine();

Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
bool canBeAdmin = (new WindowsPrincipal(WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent())).IsInRole(WindowsBuiltInRole.Administrator);
Console.WriteLine("GetCurrent IsInRole: canBeAdmin:{0}", canBeAdmin);

Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
canBeAdmin = (new WindowsPrincipal(WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent())).Claims.Any((c) => c.Value == "S-1-5-32-544");
Console.WriteLine("GetCurrent Claim: canBeAdmin?:{0}", canBeAdmin);

Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
canBeAdmin = (new WindowsPrincipal(WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent())).IsInRole("Administrator");
Console.WriteLine("GetCurrent IsInRole \"Administrator\": canBeAdmin?:{0}", canBeAdmin);

Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
canBeAdmin = (new WindowsPrincipal(WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent())).IsInRole("Admin");
Console.WriteLine("GetCurrent IsInRole \"Admin\": canBeAdmin?:{0}", canBeAdmin);

Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
canBeAdmin = WindowsPrincipal.Current.IsInRole("Admin");
Console.WriteLine("Current IsInRole \"Admin\": canBeAdmin:{0}", canBeAdmin);


Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
canBeAdmin = WindowsPrincipal.Current.IsInRole("Administrator");
Console.WriteLine("Current IsInRole \"Administrator\": canBeAdmin:{0}", canBeAdmin);

Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
canBeAdmin = WindowsPrincipal.Current.Claims.Any((c) => c.Value == "S-1-5-32-544");
Console.WriteLine("Current Claim: canBeAdmin?:{0}", canBeAdmin);

Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("WindowsPrincipal Claims:");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");

var propertyCount = 0;
foreach (var claim in WindowsPrincipal.Current.Claims)
{
    Console.WriteLine("{0}", propertyCount++);
    Console.WriteLine("{0}", claim.ToString());
    Console.WriteLine("Issuer:{0}", claim.Issuer);
    Console.WriteLine("Subject:{0}", claim.Subject);
    Console.WriteLine("Type:{0}", claim.Type);
    Console.WriteLine("Value:{0}", claim.Value);
    Console.WriteLine("ValueType:{0}", claim.ValueType);
}

Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("WindowsPrincipal Identities Claims");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");

propertyCount = 0;
foreach (var identity in WindowsPrincipal.Current.Identities)
{
    int subPropertyCount = 0;
    foreach (var claim in identity.Claims)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", propertyCount, subPropertyCount++);
        Console.WriteLine("{0}", claim.ToString());
        Console.WriteLine("Issuer:{0}", claim.Issuer);
        Console.WriteLine("Subject:{0}", claim.Subject);
        Console.WriteLine("Type:{0}", claim.Type);
        Console.WriteLine("Value:{0}", claim.Value);
        Console.WriteLine("ValueType:{0}", claim.ValueType);
    }
    Console.WriteLine();
    propertyCount++;
}

Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");
Console.WriteLine("Principal Id Claims");
Console.WriteLine("---------------------");

var p = new WindowsPrincipal(WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent());
foreach (var claim in (new WindowsPrincipal(WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent())).Claims)
{
    Console.WriteLine("{0}", propertyCount++);
    Console.WriteLine("{0}", claim.ToString());
    Console.WriteLine("Issuer:{0}", claim.Issuer);
    Console.WriteLine("Subject:{0}", claim.Subject);
    Console.WriteLine("Type:{0}", claim.Type);
    Console.WriteLine("Value:{0}", claim.Value);
    Console.WriteLine("ValueType:{0}", claim.ValueType);
}

Console.WriteLine("press the ENTER key to end");
Console.ReadLine();