当'avg_fragmentation_in_percent'超出某些限制时，是否可以提供用于重建和重新索引碎片索引的脚本（如果不使用游标，会更好）？
答案 0 :(得分：25)
重建使用：
ALTER INDEX __NAME_OF_INDEX__ ON __NAME_OF_TABLE__ REBUILD
或重新组织使用：
ALTER INDEX __NAME_OF_INDEX__ ON __NAME_OF_TABLE__ REORGANIZE
重组应该在较低（<30％）碎片处使用，但只有重建（对数据库较重）才会将碎片减少到0％。
有关详细信息，请参阅https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms189858.aspx
答案 1 :(得分：15)
两种解决方案：一种简单，一种更先进。
根据问题的严重程度，您可以使用两种解决方案
替换为您自己的值，如下所示：
XXXMYINDEXXXX替换为索引名称。XXXMYTABLEXXX替换为表格名称。XXXDATABASENAMEXXX替换为数据库名称。以脱机模式重建表的所有索引
ALTER INDEX ALL ON XXXMYTABLEXXX REBUILD
在离线模式下为表重建一个指定索引
ALTER INDEX XXXMYINDEXXXX ON XXXMYTABLEXXX REBUILD
碎片是表中经常添加和删除条目的问题。
检查碎片百分比
SELECT
ips.[index_id] ,
idx.[name] ,
ips.[avg_fragmentation_in_percent]
FROM
sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(N'XXXMYDATABASEXXX'), OBJECT_ID(N'XXXMYTABLEXXX'), NULL, NULL, NULL) AS [ips]
INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS [idx] ON [ips].[object_id] = [idx].[object_id] AND [ips].[index_id] = [idx].[index_id]
如果碎片值大于5％但小于30％，则值得重新组织索引。
重新组织表的所有索引
ALTER INDEX ALL ON XXXMYTABLEXXX REORGANIZE
重新组织表的一个指定索引
ALTER INDEX XXXMYINDEXXXX ON XXXMYTABLEXXX REORGANIZE
如果碎片值为30％或更高，则值得重建然后在线模式下的索引。
在表格的在线模式下重建所有索引
ALTER INDEX ALL ON XXXMYTABLEXXX REBUILD WITH (ONLINE = ON)
在表格的在线模式下重建一个指定的索引
ALTER INDEX XXXMYINDEXXXX ON XXXMYTABLEXXX REBUILD WITH (ONLINE = ON)
答案 2 :(得分：10)
这是我从http://www.foliotek.com/devblog/sql-server-optimization-with-index-rebuilding获取的修改过的脚本，我发现这里有用。 虽然它使用游标，但我知道游标的主要问题是什么，它可以很容易地转换为无游标版本。
它有详细记录，您可以轻松阅读并根据您的需要进行修改。
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#work_to_do') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE tempdb..#work_to_do
BEGIN TRY
--BEGIN TRAN
use yourdbname
-- Ensure a USE statement has been executed first.
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @objectid INT;
DECLARE @indexid INT;
DECLARE @partitioncount BIGINT;
DECLARE @schemaname NVARCHAR(130);
DECLARE @objectname NVARCHAR(130);
DECLARE @indexname NVARCHAR(130);
DECLARE @partitionnum BIGINT;
DECLARE @partitions BIGINT;
DECLARE @frag FLOAT;
DECLARE @pagecount INT;
DECLARE @command NVARCHAR(4000);
DECLARE @page_count_minimum SMALLINT
SET @page_count_minimum = 50
DECLARE @fragmentation_minimum FLOAT
SET @fragmentation_minimum = 30.0
-- Conditionally select tables and indexes from the sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats function
-- and convert object and index IDs to names.
SELECT object_id AS objectid ,
index_id AS indexid ,
partition_number AS partitionnum ,
avg_fragmentation_in_percent AS frag ,
page_count AS page_count
INTO #work_to_do
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(), NULL, NULL, NULL,
'LIMITED')
WHERE avg_fragmentation_in_percent > @fragmentation_minimum
AND index_id > 0
AND page_count > @page_count_minimum;
IF CURSOR_STATUS('global', 'partitions') >= -1
BEGIN
PRINT 'partitions CURSOR DELETED' ;
CLOSE partitions
DEALLOCATE partitions
END
-- Declare the cursor for the list of partitions to be processed.
DECLARE partitions CURSOR LOCAL
FOR
SELECT *
FROM #work_to_do;
-- Open the cursor.
OPEN partitions;
-- Loop through the partitions.
WHILE ( 1 = 1 )
BEGIN;
FETCH NEXT
FROM partitions
INTO @objectid, @indexid, @partitionnum, @frag, @pagecount;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS < 0
BREAK;
SELECT @objectname = QUOTENAME(o.name) ,
@schemaname = QUOTENAME(s.name)
FROM sys.objects AS o
JOIN sys.schemas AS s ON s.schema_id = o.schema_id
WHERE o.object_id = @objectid;
SELECT @indexname = QUOTENAME(name)
FROM sys.indexes
WHERE object_id = @objectid
AND index_id = @indexid;
SELECT @partitioncount = COUNT(*)
FROM sys.partitions
WHERE object_id = @objectid
AND index_id = @indexid;
SET @command = N'ALTER INDEX ' + @indexname + N' ON '
+ @schemaname + N'.' + @objectname + N' REBUILD';
IF @partitioncount > 1
SET @command = @command + N' PARTITION='
+ CAST(@partitionnum AS NVARCHAR(10));
EXEC (@command);
--print (@command); //uncomment for testing
PRINT N'Rebuilding index ' + @indexname + ' on table '
+ @objectname;
PRINT N' Fragmentation: ' + CAST(@frag AS VARCHAR(15));
PRINT N' Page Count: ' + CAST(@pagecount AS VARCHAR(15));
PRINT N' ';
END;
-- Close and deallocate the cursor.
CLOSE partitions;
DEALLOCATE partitions;
-- Drop the temporary table.
DROP TABLE #work_to_do;
--COMMIT TRAN
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
--ROLLBACK TRAN
PRINT 'ERROR ENCOUNTERED:' + ERROR_MESSAGE()
END CATCH
答案 3 :(得分：4)
我发现以下脚本非常擅长维护索引，您可以将其安排在每晚运行或您希望的其他任何时间段。
答案 4 :(得分：2)
2016年和2017年的真正答案是：使用Ola Hallengren的剧本：
https://ola.hallengren.com/sql-server-index-and-statistics-maintenance.html
在我们相互进化的这一点上，这就是我们所有人都需要知道或打扰的。
答案 5 :(得分：0)
查询REBUILD / REORGANIZE索引
查询：
SELECT OBJECT_NAME(ind.OBJECT_ID) AS TableName,
ind.name AS IndexName, indexstats.index_type_desc AS IndexType,
indexstats.avg_fragmentation_in_percent,
'ALTER INDEX ' + QUOTENAME(ind.name) + ' ON ' +QUOTENAME(object_name(ind.object_id)) +
CASE WHEN indexstats.avg_fragmentation_in_percent>30 THEN ' REBUILD '
WHEN indexstats.avg_fragmentation_in_percent>=5 THEN 'REORGANIZE'
ELSE NULL END as [SQLQuery] -- if <5 not required, so no query needed
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) indexstats
INNER JOIN sys.indexes ind ON ind.object_id = indexstats.object_id
AND ind.index_id = indexstats.index_id
WHERE
--indexstats.avg_fragmentation_in_percent , e.g. >10, you can specify any number in percent
ind.Name is not null
ORDER BY indexstats.avg_fragmentation_in_percent DESC
输出
TableName IndexName IndexType avg_fragmentation_in_percent SQLQuery
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------
Table1 PK_Table1 CLUSTERED INDEX 75 ALTER INDEX [PK_Table1] ON [Table1] REBUILD
Table1 IX_Table1_col1_col2 NONCLUSTERED INDEX 66,6666666666667 ALTER INDEX [IX_Table1_col1_col2] ON [Table1] REBUILD
Table2 IX_Table2_ NONCLUSTERED INDEX 10 ALTER INDEX [IX_Table2_] ON [Table2] REORGANIZE
Table2 IX_Table2_ NONCLUSTERED INDEX 3 NULL