Question

我正在尝试让django将静态文件上传到S3，但是我得到了403禁用错误，我不知道为什么。

完整Stacktrace：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 14, in <module>
    execute_manager(settings)
  File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 438, in execute_manager
    utility.execute()
  File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 379, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 191, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__)
  File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 220, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 351, in handle
    return self.handle_noargs(**options)
  File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 89, in handle_noargs
    self.copy_file(path, prefixed_path, storage, **options)
  File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 184, in copy_file
    if not self.delete_file(path, prefixed_path, source_storage, **options):
  File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 115, in delete_file
    if self.storage.exists(prefixed_path):
  File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/storages/backends/s3boto.py", line 209, in exists
    return k.exists()
  File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/boto/s3/key.py", line 391, in exists
    return bool(self.bucket.lookup(self.name))
  File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/boto/s3/bucket.py", line 143, in lookup
    return self.get_key(key_name, headers=headers)
  File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/boto/s3/bucket.py", line 208, in get_key
    response.status, response.reason, '')
boto.exception.S3ResponseError: S3ResponseError: 403 Forbidden

settings.py的内容：

import os
DIRNAME = os.path.dirname(__file__)
# Django settings for DoneBox project.

DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG

ADMINS = (
    # ('Your Name', 'your_email@example.com'),
)

MANAGERS = ADMINS

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'postgresql', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
        'NAME': os.path.join(DIRNAME, "box.sqlite"),                      # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
        'USER': '',                      # Not used with sqlite3.
        'PASSWORD': '',                  # Not used with sqlite3.
        'HOST': '',                      # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
        'PORT': '',                      # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
    }
}

# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
# although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
# On Unix systems, a value of None will cause Django to use the same
# timezone as the operating system.
# If running in a Windows environment this must be set to the same as your
# system time zone.
TIME_ZONE = 'America/Denver'

# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
# http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

SITE_ID = 1

# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
# to load the internationalization machinery.
USE_I18N = True

# If you set this to False, Django will not format dates, numbers and
# calendars according to the current locale
USE_L10N = True

# Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = ''

# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://media.lawrence.com/media/", "http://example.com/media/"
MEDIA_URL = "d1eyn4cjl5vzx0.cloudfront.net"

# Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.
# Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files
# in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/static/"
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(DIRNAME, "static")

# URL prefix for static files.
# Example: "http://media.lawrence.com/static/"
STATIC_URL = "d280kzug7l5rug.cloudfront.net"

# URL prefix for admin static files -- CSS, JavaScript and images.
# Make sure to use a trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://foo.com/static/admin/", "/static/admin/".
ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = '/static/admin/'

# Additional locations of static files
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/static" or "C:/www/django/static".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
    os.path.join(DIRNAME, "main", "static"),
)

# List of finder classes that know how to find static files in
# various locations.
STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder',
)

# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
SECRET_KEY = '<snip>'

# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
    'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
    'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
    'django.template.loaders.eggs.Loader',
)

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'DoneBox.urls'

TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
    os.path.join(DIRNAME, "main", "templates"),
    os.path.join(DIRNAME, "templates"),
    os.path.join(DIRNAME, "basic", "blog", "templates"),
)

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'django.contrib.sitemaps',
    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    'django.contrib.admin',
    # Uncomment the next line to enable admin documentation:
    'storages',
    'django.contrib.admindocs',
    'main',
    'contacts',
    'piston',
    'registration',
#    'contact_form',
    'basic',
    'basic.blog',
)

# A sample logging configuration. The only tangible logging
# performed by this configuration is to send an email to
# the site admins on every HTTP 500 error.
# See http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/logging for
# more details on how to customize your logging configuration.
LOGGING = {
    'version': 1,
    'disable_existing_loggers': False,
    'handlers': {
        'mail_admins': {
            'level': 'ERROR',
            'class': 'django.utils.log.AdminEmailHandler'
        }
    },
    'loggers': {
        'django.request': {
            'handlers': ['mail_admins'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': True,
        },
        'django.db.backends': {
            'handlers': ['mail_admins'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'propagate': True,
        }
    }
}

DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'storages.backends.s3boto.S3BotoStorage'
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = '<snip>'
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = '<snip>'
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'storages.backends.s3boto.S3BotoStorage'
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = "donebox-static"
STATIC_FILES_BUCKET = "donebox-static"
MEDIA_FILES_BUCKET = "donebox-media"
ACCOUNT_ACTIVATION_DAYS = 7

EMAIL_HOST = "email-smtp.us-east-1.amazonaws.com"
EMAIL_HOST_USER = '<snip>'
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = '<snip>'
EMAIL_PORT = 587
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
    "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
     "django.core.context_processors.debug",
     "django.core.context_processors.i18n",
     "django.core.context_processors.media",
     "django.core.context_processors.static",
     "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
     "DoneBox.main.context_processors_PandC",
     )

requirements.pip的内容：

django==1.3
django-storages==1.1.4
django-registration==0.8
django-piston==0.2.3
django-tagging==0.3.1
django-extensions==0.8
BeautifulSoup==3.2.1
boto==2.4.1
mysql-python==1.2.3
tweepy==1.9
feedparser==5.1.2
pycrypto==2.6

Google搜索此异常并未发现任何有趣的内容。我怀疑我错误配置了一些东西，虽然我不确定。有人能指出我正确的方向吗？感谢您的时间和考虑。

Answer 1

我正在使用Amazon IAM获取特定的密钥ID和访问密钥，只是碰到了相同的403 Forbidden ......结果你需要提供目标两者桶根及其权限的权限子对象：

{
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Principal": {
          "AWS": "*"
      },
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": "s3:*",
      "Resource": ["arn:aws:s3:::bucket-name/*", "arn:aws:s3:::bucket-name"]
    }
  ]
}

Answer 2

我建议您尝试单独测试AWS凭据，以验证凭据是否确实具有读取和写入S3存储桶数据的权限。以下应该有效：

>>> import boto
>>> s3 = boto.connect_s3('<access_key>', '<secret_key>')
>>> bucket = s3.lookup('donebox-static')
>>> key = bucket.new_key('testkey')
>>> key.set_contents_from_string('This is a test')
>>> key.exists()
>>> key.delete()

您应该尝试使用其他存储桶（'donebox-media'）进行相同的测试。如果这样做，权限是正确的，问题在于Django存储代码或配置。如果这失败了403，那么：

access_key / secret_key字符串不正确
access_key / secret_key是正确的，但该帐户没有写入存储桶的必要权限

我希望有所帮助。请报告您的调查结果。

Answer 3

我遇到了同样的问题，最后发现真正的问题是服务器时间。它配置错误，AWS以403 FORBIDDEN响应。

使用Debian，您可以使用NTP进行自动配置：

ntpdate 0.pool.ntp.org

Answer 4

如果机器的时间设置不正确，也会发生这种情况

Answer 5

也可能使用了错误的凭据。验证：

import boto
s3 = boto.connect_s3('<your access key>', '<your secret key>')
bucket = s3.get_bucket('<your bucket>') # does this work?
s3 = boto.connect_s3()
s3.aws_access_key_id  # is the same key being used by default?

如果没有，请查看~/.boto，~/.aws/config和~/.aws/credentials。

Answer 6

这是一个具有最小权限的细化。在所有情况下，正如所讨论的那样，所有存储桶都需要elsewhere s3:ListAllMyBuckets。

在其默认配置中，django-storage将使用公共读取权限将文件上传到S3 - 请参阅django-storages Amazon S3 backend

试验和错误显示，在此默认配置中，首先需要{}} s3:PutObject才能上传文件，s3:PutObjectAcl将该对象的权限设置为公开。

不需要执行任何其他操作，因为从那时起，无论如何前向读取都是公开的。

IAM用户政策 - 公开阅读（默认）：

{
   "Version": "2012-10-17",
   "Statement": [
       {
           "Effect": "Allow",
           "Action": "s3:ListAllMyBuckets",
           "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::*"
       },
       {
           "Effect": "Allow",
           "Action": [
               "s3:PutObject",
               "s3:PutObjectAcl"
           ],
           "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::bucketname/*"
       }
   ]
}

将对象公开可读并不总是可取的。这可以通过在设置文件中设置相关属性来实现。

Django settings.py：

...
AWS_DEFAULT_ACL = "private"
...

然后不再需要s3:PutObjectAcl，最小权限如下：

IAM用户政策 - 私有：

{
   "Version": "2012-10-17",
   "Statement": [
       {
           "Effect": "Allow",
           "Action": "s3:ListAllMyBuckets",
           "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::*"
       },
       {
           "Effect": "Allow",
           "Action": [
               "s3:PutObject",
               "s3:GetObject"
           ],
           "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::bucketname/*"
       }
   ]
}

Answer 7

避免自定义策略和使用AWS预定义策略的另一种解决方案：

为S3用户添加S3完全访问权限。
- IAM / 用户 / 权限和附加政策
- 添加政策＆＃34; AmazonS3FullAccess＆＃34;

Answer 8

也许您实际上无法访问您尝试查找/获取/创建的广告...

请记住： 存储桶名称在整个S3 生态系统中必须是唯一的，因此如果您尝试访问（查找/获取/创建）名为＆的存储桶＃39;测试＆＃39;你将无法访问它。

boto.exception.S3ResponseError：S3ResponseError：403禁止

8 个答案: