我需要在字典中的特定键和项对之后添加一个项目。基本上与添加成员在集合中允许的行为相同：
（Collection.Add (item [,key] [,before] [,after])
答案 0 :(得分：5)
没有Dictionary对象的内置方法允许这样做。这是一个快速推出自己的方法。这将完全满足您的要求，但修改应该很简单：
Function DictAdd(StartingDict As Dictionary, Key, Item, AfterKey) As Dictionary
Dim DictKey As Variant
Set DictAdd = New Dictionary
For Each DictKey In StartingDict
DictAdd.Add DictKey, StartingDict(DictKey)
If DictKey = AfterKey Then DictAdd.Add Key, Item
Next DictKey
End Function
要测试它，请执行以下步骤：
Sub TestDictAdd()
Dim MyDict As New Dictionary, DictKey As Variant
MyDict.Add "A", "Alpha"
MyDict.Add "C", "Charlie"
Set MyDict = DictAdd(MyDict, "B", "Bravo", "A")
For Each DictKey In MyDict
Debug.Print DictKey, MyDict(DictKey)
Next DictKey
End Sub
这只是为了让你入门。如果我自己这样做，我可能会创建自己的自定义类来使用并创建自定义添加方法而不是使用函数。我还会做出以下改进：
答案 1 :(得分：1)
喜欢这个吗？
Option Explicit
Sub Sample()
Dim Dict As Dictionary
Dim itm As Variant
Set Dict = New Dictionary
Dict.Add "MyKey1", "Hello"
Dict.Add "MyKey2", "This"
Dict.Add "MyKey3", "is"
Dict.Add "MyKey4", "Example"
'~~> USAGE: Dictionaty Object, Key, Text, Position
Additem Dict, "MyKey5", "An", 3
For Each itm In Dict
Debug.Print itm & " - " & Dict(itm)
Next
End Sub
Function Additem(ByRef D As Dictionary, ky As Variant, itm As Variant, pos As Long)
Dim kyAr() As Variant, itmAr() As Variant
Dim temp1() As Variant, temp2() As Variant
Dim i As Long
kyAr = D.Keys: itmAr = D.Items
ReDim temp1(UBound(kyAr) + 1)
ReDim temp2(UBound(itmAr) + 1)
For i = 0 To pos - 1
temp1(i) = kyAr(i): temp2(i) = itmAr(i)
Next
temp1(pos) = ky: temp2(pos) = itm
For i = pos + 1 To UBound(temp1)
temp1(i) = kyAr(i - 1): temp2(i) = itmAr(i - 1)
Next
ReDim kyAr(0): ReDim itmAr(0)
kyAr() = temp1(): itmAr() = temp2()
D.RemoveAll
For i = LBound(kyAr) To UBound(kyAr)
D.Add kyAr(i), itmAr(i)
Next i
End Function
<强>输出
BEFORE
MyKey1 - Hello
MyKey2 - This
MyKey3 - is
MyKey4 - Example
AFTER
MyKey1 - Hello
MyKey2 - This
MyKey3 - is
MyKey5 - An
MyKey4 - Example
答案 2 :(得分：1)
当它包含所有项目时，我没有对字典进行排序，而是实现了一个名为DctAdd的小程序，它可以在添加项目时立即对键进行排序。 假设键是vAdd，该项是vItem，类型变量和要排序的字典都是dct。所以而不是：
dct.Add vAdd, vItem
我用：
DctAdd dct, vItem, vAdd, dam_sortasc
对于性能，我只包括一些基本测试，因为我在项目中使用它时已经足够了。
要使用DctAdd，必须将以下内容复制到相关模块的声明部分：
' Just for the performance time measurement -----------------------------
Private Declare Function GetTime Lib "winmm.dll" Alias "timeGetTime" () As Long
' For the execution mode of DctAdd --------------------------------------
' (may be extended to also cover insert before and after)
Public Enum enAddInsertMode
dam_sortasc = 1
dam_sortdesc = 2
End Enum
以下代码可以复制到任何标准或类模块： 请注意，之前/之后的插入尚未实现，但不应花费很长时间才能添加。
Public Sub DctAdd(ByRef dct As Scripting.Dictionary, _
ByVal vItem As Variant, _
ByVal vAdd As Variant, _
ByVal lMode As enAddInsertMode)
' ----------------------------------------------------------------------
' Add to the Dictionary dct the item vItem with vAdd as the key,
' sorted in ascending or descending order.
'
' If the vAdd key already exists, adding it will be skipped without
' an error. A not existing dictionary is established with the first add
'
' W. Rauschenberger, warbe@cogip.de, Berlin, Feb 2015
' ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dim i As Long
Dim dctTemp As Scripting.Dictionary
Dim vTempKey As Variant
Dim bAdd As Boolean
If dct Is Nothing Then Set dct = New Dictionary
With dct
If .count = 0 Then
.Add vAdd, vItem
Exit Sub
Else
' -----------------------------------------------------------
' The can maybee added directly after the last key
' -----------------------------------------------------------
vTempKey = .Keys()(.count - 1) ' Get the very last key
Select Case lMode
Case dam_sortasc
If vAdd > vTempKey Then
.Add vAdd, vItem
Exit Sub ' Done!
End If
Case dam_sortdesc
If vAdd < vTempKey Then
.Add vAdd, vItem
Exit Sub ' Done!
End If
End Select
End If
End With
' -----------------------------------------------------------------
' Since the new key could not simply be added to the dct it must be
' added/inserted somewhere in between or before the very first key
' ------------------------------------------------------------------
Set dctTemp = New Dictionary
bAdd = True
For Each vTempKey In dct
With dctTemp
If bAdd Then ' When the new item has yet not been added
Select Case lMode
Case dam_sortasc
If vTempKey > vAdd Then
If Not dct.Exists(vAdd) Then
.Add vAdd, vItem
End If
bAdd = False ' Add done
End If
Case dam_sortdesc
If vTempKey < vAdd Then
If Not dct.Exists(vAdd) Then
.Add vAdd, vItem
End If
bAdd = False ' Add done
End If
End Select
End If
.Add vTempKey, dct.Item(vTempKey)
End With
Next vTempKey
' ------------------------------------
Set dct = dctTemp ' Return the temporary dictionary with
Set dctTemp = Nothing ' the added new item
Exit Sub ' ------------------------------------
on_error:
Debug.Print "Error in 'DctAdd'!"
End Sub
这是我用来测试的：
Public Sub Testdct1Add()
Dim dct1 As Scripting.Dictionary
Dim dct2 As Scripting.Dictionary
Dim i As Long
Dim lStart As Long
Dim lAdd As Long
Dim vKey As Variant
' -----------------------------------------------------------------------
Debug.Print vbLf & "DctAdd: Test ascending order"
' Add sorted ascending with the key provided in the reverse order
Set dct1 = Nothing
For i = 10 To 1 Step -1
DctAdd dct1, i, i, dam_sortasc
Next i
' Show the result and wait ----------------
For Each vKey In dct1
Debug.Print vKey & " " & dct1.Item(vKey)
Next vKey
Stop
' ------------------------------------------------------------------
Debug.Print vbLf & "DctAdd: Test descending order"
' Add sorted ascending with the key provided in the reverse order
Set dct1 = Nothing
For i = 1 To 10
DctAdd dct1, i, i, dam_sortdesc
Next i
' Show the result and wait ----------------
For Each vKey In dct1
Debug.Print vKey & " " & dct1.Item(vKey)
Next vKey
Stop
' ------------------------------------------------------------------
lAdd = 500
Debug.Print vbLf & "DctAdd: Test a best case scenario by adding " & _
vbLf & lAdd & " items in the desired sort order"
Set dct1 = Nothing
lStart = GetTime
For i = 1 To lAdd
DctAdd dct1, i, i, dam_sortasc
Next i
Debug.Print "Adding " & dct1.count & " items in the target " & _
vbLf & "sort order = " & GetTime - lStart & " ms"
Stop
' ------------------------------------------------------------------
lAdd = 500
Debug.Print vbLf & "DctAdd: Worst case scenarion test by adding " & _
vbLf & lAdd & " items in the reverse sort order"
Set dct1 = Nothing
lStart = GetTime
For i = lAdd To 1 Step -1
DctAdd dct1, i, i, dam_sortasc
Next i
Debug.Print "Adding " & dct1.count & " items, 4 out of " & vbLf & _
"order = " & GetTime - lStart & " ms"
Stop
' -----------------------------------------------------------------
lAdd = 1000
Debug.Print vbLf & "DctAdd: Worst case scenarion test by adding " & _
vbLf & lAdd & " items in the reverse sort order"
Set dct1 = Nothing
lStart = GetTime
For i = lAdd To 1 Step -1
DctAdd dct1, i, i, dam_sortasc
Next i
Debug.Print "Adding " & dct1.count & " items:" & vbLf & _
GetTime - lStart & " ms"
Stop
' -----------------------------------------------------------------
' Example for using dctAdd to sort any dictionary. The item if dct2
' are temporarily added sorted ascending to the dct1 and finally set
' to dct2
' ------------------------------------------------------------------
Debug.Print vbLf & "DctAdd: Used to sort another Dictionary (dct2)"
Set dct2 = New Dictionary
dct2.Add "F", 1
dct2.Add "A", 2
dct2.Add "C", 3
dct2.Add "H", 4
dct2.Add "D", 5
dct2.Add "E", 6
dct2.Add "G", 7
dct2.Add "B", 8
Set dct1 = Nothing
For Each vKey In dct2
DctAdd dct1, dct2(vKey), vKey, dam_sortasc
Next vKey
Set dct2 = dct1
' Show the result and wait ----------------
For Each vKey In dct2
Debug.Print "Key=" & vKey & ", Item=" & dct2.Item(vKey)
Next vKey
End Sub