我正在尝试将名为checks的变量列表传递给函数installFunc，由于某种原因它似乎不起作用，这就是我（想到的）相关代码：
def installFunc(checks):
subprocess.call("md c:\MGInstall", shell=True)
subprocess.call (u"net use w: \\it01\files")
if checks[0] == 1:
subprocess.call(u"w:\\software\\snagitup.exe")
if checks[1] == 1:
subprocess.call(u"w:\\software\\camtasia.exe")
if checks[2] == 1:
urllib.urlretrieve(u"LONGURL", u"c:\\MGinstall\\gotomeeting.exe")
subprocess.call (u"c:\\MGinstall\\gotomeeting.exe")
if checks[3] == 1:
sixtyfourcheck()
if is64bit == True:
urllib.urlretrieve(u"LONGURL", u"c:\\MGinstall\\tortoiseSVN.exe")
elif is64bit == False:
urllib.urlretrieve(u"LONGURL", u"c:\\MGinstall\\tortoiseSVN.exe")
#urllib.urlretrieve(u"LONGURL", u"c:\\MGinstall\\MGinstall.exe")
#subprocess.call (u"c:\\MGinstall\\MGinstall.exe")
#subprocess.call (u"w:\\printers\\installer\\printer.exe")
app = Tk()
w = Label(app, text="IT Automatic Installer")
w.pack()
text = ["Snagit", "Camtasia", "GotoMeeting", "TortoiseSVN"]
variables = []
for name in text:
variables.append(IntVar())
Checkbutton(text=name, variable=variables[-1]).pack()
checks = [variable.get() for variable in variables]
b = Button(text="Install", command= lambda : installFunc(checks))
b.pack()
app.mainloop()
现在，我尝试了一些不同的东西 - 我实际上是通过堆栈溢出给出的lamba部分 - 我在理解其工作原理时遇到了一些麻烦。
但我遇到的一个大问题是 - 为什么检查不会传递给installFunc（）？我希望将完整的检查列表（尽可能多的项目）传递给installFunc（）。
答案 0 :(得分：2)
variable.get()会在应用程序启动之前返回IntVar实例的值。所以，它将充满零。
def installCommand(variables):
checks = [variable.get() for variable in variables]
return installFunc(checks)
b = Button(text="Install", command= lambda v=variables: installCommand(v))
b.pack()
此外，您需要将variables作为默认参数传递给lambda，这样就不会与全局和局部变量发生冲突。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
至少你可以通过几种方式做到这一点。就个人而言，我会将安装程序抽象为一个对象，正如Hugh Bothwell的评论所述。这具有最大的灵活性和简洁的国家遏制。但是，如果您只使用一个函数，则可以使用functools“curry”函数：动态创建一个嵌入给定参数的新函数。以下是您需要做的更改......
def installFunc(checks):
subprocess.call("md c:\MGInstall", shell=True)
subprocess.call (u"net use w: \\it01\files")
if checks[0].get( ) == 1:
subprocess.call(u"w:\\software\\snagitup.exe")
if checks[1].get( ) == 1:
subprocess.call(u"w:\\software\\camtasia.exe")
if checks[2].get( ) == 1:
urllib.urlretrieve(u"LONGURL", u"c:\\MGinstall\\gotomeeting.exe")
subprocess.call (u"c:\\MGinstall\\gotomeeting.exe")
if checks[3].get( ) == 1:
sixtyfourcheck()
if is64bit == True:
urllib.urlretrieve(u"LONGURL", u"c:\\MGinstall\\tortoiseSVN.exe")
elif is64bit == False:
urllib.urlretrieve(u"LONGURL", u"c:\\MGinstall\\tortoiseSVN.exe")
import functools
app = Tk()
w = Label(app, text="IT Automatic Installer")
w.pack()
text = ["Snagit", "Camtasia", "GotoMeeting", "TortoiseSVN"]
variables = []
for name in text:
variables.append(IntVar())
Checkbutton(text=name, variable=variables[-1]).pack()
checks = [variable.get() for variable in variables]
#-- Here's where we "curry" the installFunc, producing the new doInstall function.
doInstall = functools.partial(installFunc, checks)
b = Button(text="Install", command = doInstall)
b.pack()
app.mainloop()
这里的问题是variable.get（）创建了一个不可变的int，你的列表“checks”永远不会改变。你真正想要的是......
import functools
app = Tk()
w = Label(app, text="IT Automatic Installer")
w.pack()
text = ["Snagit", "Camtasia", "GotoMeeting", "TortoiseSVN"]
variables = []
for name in text:
variables.append(IntVar())
Checkbutton(text=name, variable=variables[-1]).pack()
checks = [variable for variable in variables]
#-- Here's where we "curry" the installFunc, producing the new doInstall function.
doInstall = functools.partial(installFunc, checks)
b = Button(text="Install", command = doInstall)
b.pack()
app.mainloop()
答案 2 :(得分：0)
根据我之前的评论，重构版本：
import urllib
import subprocess
import os
import Tkinter as tk
class ProgramInstaller(object):
def __init__(self, name, descr, do_install):
self.name = name
self.descr = descr
self.do_install = do_install # can be function or list of strings
def install(self):
if callable(self.do_install):
self.do_install()
else:
for s in self.do_install:
subprocess.call(s)
TEMP_DIR = r"c:\MGInstall"
def makeTempDir(dir=TEMP_DIR):
# need to expand on this - what if dir already exists, etc
os.mkdir(dir)
def removeTempDir(dir=TEMP_DIR):
# need to expand on this - del files in dir before rmdir, etc
os.rmdir(dir)
def installGoToMeeting():
makeTempDir()
url = "http://www.gotomeeting.com/download/something"
fname = os.path.join(TEMP_DIR, "gotomeeting.exe")
urllib.urlretrieve(url, fname)
subprocess.call(fname)
removeTempDir()
def installTortoiseSVN():
makeTempDir()
if is64bit(): url = "http://www.tortoisesvn.net/download/something/64bit"
else: url = "http://www.tortoisesvn.net/download/something/32bit"
fname = os.join(TEMP_DIR, "tortoisesvn.exe")
urllib.urlretrieve(url, fname)
subprocess.call(fname)
removeTempDir()
installers = (
ProgramInstaller("SnagIt", "Take screen-shots", [r"net use w: \\it01\files", r"w:\software\snagitup.exe"]),
ProgramInstaller("Camtasia", "Record your desktop", [r"net use w: \\it01\files", r"w:\software\camtasia.exe"]),
ProgramInstaller("GoToMeeting", "Web conferencing", installGoToMeeting),
ProgramInstaller("TortoiseSVN", "(Sub)Version control client", installTortoiseSVN),
ProgramInstaller("Printer", "HP4020 Printer drivers", [r"net use w: \\it01\files", r"w:\printers\installer\printer.exe"])
)
def doInstall(): # install-button callback
for inst in installers:
if inst.cbvar.get():
inst.install()
def main():
app = tk.Tk()
tk.Label(app, text="IT Automatic Installer").pack()
# need to fiddle with a grid layout to make this look right
for inst in installers:
inst.cbvar = tk.IntVar()
tk.Checkbutton(text=inst.name, variable=inst.cbvar).pack()
tk.Label(text=inst.descr).pack()
tk.Button(text="Install", command=doInstall()).pack()
app.mainloop()
if __name__=="__main__":
main()