Python查询 - 方法可迭代?

时间:2012-05-24 17:15:24

标签: python oop methods iteration

我正在尝试模拟以下输出(来自Marakana.com的excellent Python tutorial

>>> for c in lot.cars_by_age():
...     print c
1981 VW Vanagon
1988 Buick Regal
2010 Audi R8

到目前为止我的代码:

class ParkingLot(object):
    def __init__(self, spaces, cars=[]):
        self.spaces = spaces
        self.cars = cars
    def park(self, car):
        if self.spaces == 0:
            print "The lot is full."
        else:
            self.spaces -= 1
            self.cars.append(car)
    def __iter__(self):
        return (car for car in self.cars)

class Car(object):
    def __init__(self, make, model, year):
        self.make = make
        self.model = model
        self.year = year
    def __str__(self):
        return '%s %s %s' % (car.year, car.make, car.model)

我想在ParkingLot()类中添加一个方法(cars_by_age())。但是,根据示例代码,此方法需要以某种方式迭代。我不确定如何做到这一点 - 对于一个类,你定义了一个 iter 函数,但是你如何为一个方法做到这一点?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:7)

方法不是可迭代的;方法返回的是可迭代的。 cars_by_age实施可以简单地返回Car s的列表。

def cars_by_age(self):
    return sorted(self.cars, key=lambda car: car.year)

使用sorted创建新的排序列表,并使用lambda指定您要按汽车的year属性进行排序。

http://wiki.python.org/moin/HowTo/Sorting

答案 1 :(得分:0)

from operator import attrgetter

class ParkingLot(object):
    def __init__(self, spaces, cars=None):
        self.spaces = max(spaces, 0)
        self.cars = cars or []
    def park(self, car):
        if self.spaces > 0:
            self.spaces -= 1
            self.cars.append(car)
        else:
            print "The lot is full."
    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self.cars)
    def cars_by_age(self):
        return sorted(self.cars, key=attrgetter("year"), reverse=True)

class Car(object):
    def __init__(self, make, model, year):
        self.make = make
        self.model = model
        self.year = year
    def __str__(self):
        return "{} {} {}".format(self.year, self.make, self.model)