Question

SELECT u.users_username, u.givenname, u.familyname, u.studentassent, u.parentconsent, u.birthdate, u.gender
FROM users AS u
JOIN classes_users as c
ON c.users_username = u.users_username
JOIN classes_users as x
ON c.classes_id = x.classes_id
WHERE x.users_username = "johnny" AND x.role = "teacher"

或者

SELECT u.users_username, u.givenname, u.familyname, u.studentassent, u.parentconsent, u.birthdate, u.gender
FROM users AS u
WHERE u.users_username
IN (
    SELECT c.users_username
    FROM classes_users as c
    JOIN classes_users as x
    ON c.classes_id = x.classes_id
    WHERE x.users_username = "johnny" AND x.role = "teacher"
)

我认为第一个更好，但我仍然在学习如何编写更好的SQL语句我不清楚在这种情况下使一个语句比另一个更好的内容的所有内部结构。

如果有更好的方式来写它们而不是我写的两种方式，请告诉我。感谢。

编辑：有老师和学生。通过查看classes_users表，可以找到他们在任何给定班级中作为学生或教师的位置。我想做的是给用户，找到他所在的班级，然后返回这些班级的所有学生。

这是我的数据库架构：

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `kcptech`.`users`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE  TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `kcptech`.`users` (
`users_username` VARCHAR(63) NOT NULL ,
`password` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
`salt` VARCHAR(127) NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
`givenname` VARCHAR(96) NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
`familyname` VARCHAR(128) NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
`privileges` TINYINT NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
`studentassent` TINYINT(1) UNSIGNED NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
`parentconsent` TINYINT(1) UNSIGNED NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
`birthdate` DATE NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
`gender` VARCHAR(1) NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
`registration` TIMESTAMP NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY (`users_username`) ,
UNIQUE INDEX `uname_UNIQUE` (`users_username` ASC) )
ENGINE = InnoDB;




-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `kcptech`.`classes`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE  TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `kcptech`.`classes` (
`classes_id` INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT ,
`course` VARCHAR(127) NULL ,
`period` VARCHAR(31) NULL DEFAULT '' ,
`organization` VARCHAR(127) NULL DEFAULT '' ,
PRIMARY KEY (`classes_id`) ,
UNIQUE INDEX `id_UNIQUE` (`classes_id` ASC) )
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `kcptech`.`classes_users`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE  TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `kcptech`.`classes_users` (
`classes_id` INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL ,
`users_username` VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL ,
`role` VARCHAR(12) NOT NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY (`classes_id`, `users_username`) ,
INDEX `fk_class_users__users_users_username` (`users_username` ASC) ,
INDEX `fk_class_users__class_class_id` (`classes_id` ASC) ,
CONSTRAINT `fk_class_users__users_users_username`
  FOREIGN KEY (`users_username` )
  REFERENCES `kcptech`.`users` (`users_username` )
  ON DELETE NO ACTION
  ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
CONSTRAINT `fk_class_users__class_class_id`
  FOREIGN KEY (`classes_id` )
  REFERENCES `kcptech`.`classes` (`classes_id` )
  ON DELETE NO ACTION
  ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;

Answer 1

第一个更好，假设(classes_id, users_username)是唯一的。

MySQL无法使用内部查询前导进行半连接（IN构造）。因此IN查询将始终使用users作为前导表，而对于JOIN查询，优化程序可以选择前导表。

如果(classes_id, users_username)不唯一，则查询在语义上不等效。您需要将DISTINCT添加到联接查询。

这个SELECT应该使用连接还是子查询？

1 个答案: