将一组参数传递给存储过程

Question

我需要将一个“id”的数组传递给存储过程，删除表中的所有行，除了与数组中id匹配的行。

我怎样才能以最简单的方式做到这一点？

Answer 1

如果您使用的是Sql Server 2008或更高版本，则可以使用称为表值参数（TVP）的内容而不是序列化＆amp;每次要将列表数据传递给存储过程时，都会反序列化列表数据。

让我们首先创建一个简单的架构作为我们的游乐场：

CREATE DATABASE [TestbedDb]
GO


USE [TestbedDb]
GO

    /* First, setup the sample program's account & credentials*/
CREATE LOGIN [testbedUser] WITH PASSWORD=N'µ×?
?S[°¿Q­¥½q?_Ĭ¼Ð)3õļ%dv', DEFAULT_DATABASE=[master], DEFAULT_LANGUAGE=[us_english], CHECK_EXPIRATION=OFF, CHECK_POLICY=ON
GO

CREATE USER [testbedUser] FOR LOGIN [testbedUser] WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA=[dbo]
GO

EXEC sp_addrolemember N'db_owner', N'testbedUser'
GO


    /* Now setup the schema */
CREATE TABLE dbo.Table1 ( t1Id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY );
GO

INSERT INTO dbo.Table1 (t1Id)
VALUES
    (1),
    (2),
    (3),
    (4),
    (5),
    (6),
    (7),
    (8),
    (9),
    (10);
GO

通过我们的架构和样本数据，我们现在可以创建TVP存储过程了：

CREATE TYPE T1Ids AS Table (
        t1Id INT
);
GO


CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.FindMatchingRowsInTable1( @Table1Ids AS T1Ids READONLY )
AS
BEGIN
        SET NOCOUNT ON;

        SELECT Table1.t1Id FROM dbo.Table1 AS Table1
        JOIN @Table1Ids AS paramTable1Ids ON Table1.t1Id = paramTable1Ids.t1Id;
END
GO

我们的架构和API都已就绪，我们可以从我们的程序中调用TVP存储过程，如下所示：

        // Curry the TVP data
        DataTable t1Ids = new DataTable( );
        t1Ids.Columns.Add( "t1Id",
                           typeof( int ) );

        int[] listOfIdsToFind = new[] {1, 5, 9};
        foreach ( int id in listOfIdsToFind )
        {
            t1Ids.Rows.Add( id );
        }
        // Prepare the connection details
        SqlConnection testbedConnection =
                new SqlConnection(
                        @"Data Source=.\SQLExpress;Initial Catalog=TestbedDb;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=testbedUser;Password=letmein12;Connect Timeout=5" );

        try
        {
            testbedConnection.Open( );

            // Prepare a call to the stored procedure
            SqlCommand findMatchingRowsInTable1 = new SqlCommand( "dbo.FindMatchingRowsInTable1",
                                                                  testbedConnection );
            findMatchingRowsInTable1.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;

            // Curry up the TVP parameter
            SqlParameter sqlParameter = new SqlParameter( "Table1Ids",
                                                          t1Ids );
            findMatchingRowsInTable1.Parameters.Add( sqlParameter );

            // Execute the stored procedure
            SqlDataReader sqlDataReader = findMatchingRowsInTable1.ExecuteReader( );

            while ( sqlDataReader.Read( ) )
            {
                Console.WriteLine( "Matching t1ID: {0}",
                                   sqlDataReader[ "t1Id" ] );
            }
        }
        catch ( Exception e )
        {
            Console.WriteLine( e.ToString( ) );
        }
  /* Output:
   * Matching t1ID: 1
   * Matching t1ID: 5
   * Matching t1ID: 9
   */

使用更抽象的API（例如Entity Framework）可能不那么痛苦。但是，我现在没有时间亲眼看看。

Answer 2

使用存储过程：

修改 序列化List（或其他任何东西）的补充：

List<string> testList = new List<int>();

testList.Add(1);
testList.Add(2);
testList.Add(3);

XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<int>));
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
xs.Serialize(ms, testList);

string resultXML = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());

结果（准备使用XML参数）：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ArrayOfInt xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <int>1</int>
  <int>2</int>
  <int>3</int>
</ArrayOfInt>

---

原始帖子：

将XML作为参数传递：

<ids>
    <id>1</id>
    <id>2</id>
</ids>

---

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[DeleteAllData]
(
    @XMLDoc XML
)
AS
BEGIN

DECLARE @handle INT

EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @handle OUTPUT, @XMLDoc

DELETE FROM
    YOURTABLE
WHERE
    YOUR_ID_COLUMN NOT IN (
        SELECT * FROM OPENXML (@handle, '/ids/id') WITH (id INT '.') 
    )
EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @handle

---

Answer 3

这是最好的来源：

http://www.sommarskog.se/arrays-in-sql.html

使用链接创建拆分功能，并使用它：

DELETE YourTable
    FROM YourTable                           d
    LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.splitFunction(@Parameter) s ON d.ID=s.Value
    WHERE s.Value IS NULL

I prefer the number table approach

这是基于上述链接的代码，应该为你做...

在使用我的功能之前，您需要设置一个“帮助程序”表，每个数据库只需执行一次这样的操作：

CREATE TABLE Numbers
(Number int  NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT PK_Numbers PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (Number ASC)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
DECLARE @x int
SET @x=0
WHILE @x<8000
BEGIN
    SET @x=@x+1
    INSERT INTO Numbers VALUES (@x)
END

使用此函数来分割您的字符串，该字符串不会循环且非常快：

CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[FN_ListToTable]
(
     @SplitOn              char(1)              --REQUIRED, the character to split the @List string on
    ,@List                 varchar(8000)        --REQUIRED, the list to split apart
)
RETURNS
@ParsedList table
(
    ListValue varchar(500)
)
AS
BEGIN

/**
Takes the given @List string and splits it apart based on the given @SplitOn character.
A table is returned, one row per split item, with a column name "ListValue".
This function workes for fixed or variable lenght items.
Empty and null items will not be included in the results set.


Returns a table, one row per item in the list, with a column name "ListValue"

EXAMPLE:
----------
SELECT * FROM dbo.FN_ListToTable(',','1,12,123,1234,54321,6,A,*,|||,,,,B')

    returns:
        ListValue  
        -----------
        1
        12
        123
        1234
        54321
        6
        A
        *
        |||
        B

        (10 row(s) affected)

**/



----------------
--SINGLE QUERY-- --this will not return empty rows
----------------
INSERT INTO @ParsedList
        (ListValue)
    SELECT
        ListValue
        FROM (SELECT
                  LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(List2, number+1, CHARINDEX(@SplitOn, List2, number+1)-number - 1))) AS ListValue
                  FROM (
                           SELECT @SplitOn + @List + @SplitOn AS List2
                       ) AS dt
                      INNER JOIN Numbers n ON n.Number < LEN(dt.List2)
                  WHERE SUBSTRING(List2, number, 1) = @SplitOn
             ) dt2
        WHERE ListValue IS NOT NULL AND ListValue!=''



RETURN

END --Function FN_ListToTable

您可以将此功能用作连接中的表格：

SELECT
    Col1, COl2, Col3...
    FROM  YourTable
        INNER JOIN dbo.FN_ListToTable(',',@YourString) s ON  YourTable.ID = s.ListValue

这是你的删除：

DELETE YourTable
    FROM YourTable                                d
    LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.FN_ListToTable(',',@Parameter) s ON d.ID=s.ListValue
    WHERE s.ListValue IS NULL

Answer 4

你可以试试这个：

DECLARE @List VARCHAR(MAX)

SELECT @List = '1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8'

EXEC(
'DELETE
FROM TABLE
WHERE ID NOT IN (' + @List + ')'
)

Answer 5

您可以使用存储过程期望存在的临时表。这适用于旧版本的SQL Server，它不支持XML等。

CREATE TABLE #temp
(INT myid)
GO
CREATE PROC myproc
AS
BEGIN
    DELETE YourTable
    FROM YourTable                    
    LEFT OUTER JOIN #temp T ON T.myid=s.id
    WHERE s.id IS NULL
END

Answer 6

declare @ids nvarchar(1000)

set @ids = '100,2,3,4,5' --Parameter passed

set @ids = ',' + @ids + ','

select   *
from     TableName 
where    charindex(',' + CAST(Id as nvarchar(50)) + ',', @ids) > 0

Answer 7

我会考虑将您的ID作为XML字符串传递，然后您可以将XML分解为临时表以加入，或者您也可以使用SP_XML_PREPAREDOCUMENT和{{3}直接查询XML }。

Answer 8

如何使用XML数据类型而不是传递数组呢？我发现这是一个更好的解决方案，并且在SQL 2005中运行良好

Answer 9

我喜欢这个，因为它适合作为XElement传递，适用于SqlCommand

（对不起，这是VB.NET，但你明白了）

<Extension()>
Public Function ToXml(Of T)(array As IEnumerable(Of T)) As XElement
   Return XElement.Parse(
           String.Format("<doc>{0}</doc>", String.Join("", array.Select(Function(s) String.Concat("<d>", s.ToString(), "</d>")))), LoadOptions.None)
 End Function

这是sql存储过程，缩短，不完整！

创建程序[dbo]。[myproc]  （@blah xml）
如  ...来自@ netwerkids.nodes的某些ID IN（SELECT doc.t.value（＆＃39;。＆＃39;，＆＃39; int＆＃39;）（N＆＃39; / doc / d＆＃39; ）作为doc（t））

Answer 10

在SQL Server 2016中，您可以使用[]包装数组并将其作为JSON传递，请参阅http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlserverstorageengine/archive/2015/09/08/passing-arrays-to-t-sql-procedures-as-json.aspx

Answer 11

您可以在SQL Server中使用STRING_SPLIT函数。 您可以查看文档here。

DECLARE @YourListOfIds VARCHAR(1000) -- Or VARCHAR(MAX) depending on what you need

SET @YourListOfIds = '1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8'

SELECT * FROM YourTable
WHERE Id IN(SELECT CAST(Value AS INT) FROM STRING_SPLIT(@YourListOfIds, ','))