我正在使用工厂模式。它基本上允许类在编译时注册并存储在映射中。然后可以使用BaseFactory :: createInstance()
返回一个实例我不确定地图在编译时如何持有类名!如何在运行时有效的编译时分配内存?
在这种情况下,所有类都是从父类Bump_BaseObject
派生的//C++ STL used for adding Reflection
#include <string>
#include <map>
class Bump_BaseObject;
/**
* Derived Base objects creation factory
*/
template<typename T>
Bump_BaseObject* createT(void)
{
#pragma message("createT instantiated")
return new T();
}
struct BaseFactory {
typedef std::map<std::string, Bump_BaseObject*(*)()> map_type;
//return an instance of the class type 's'
static Bump_BaseObject* createInstance(const std::string& s) {
map_type::iterator it = getMap()->find(s);
if(it == getMap()->end())
return 0;
//this is where we instatiate and allocate memory for the object(it must NOT have any arguments)
//we could write a variant that accepts args, but there is no need.
return it->second();
}
//check if 's' is present in the map of registered types
static bool checkIfRegisteredType(const std::string& s) {
map_type::iterator it = getMap()->find(s);
if(it == getMap()->end())
return false;
return true;
}
protected:
static map_type* getMap() {
// never delete'ed. (exist until program termination)
// because we can't guarantee correct destruction order
if(!objectMap) { objectMap = new map_type; }
return objectMap;
}
private:
static map_type * objectMap;
};
#define VALUE_TO_STRING(x) #x
template<typename T>
struct DerivedRegister : BaseFactory {
DerivedRegister(const std::string& s) {
#pragma message("Type registered")
getMap()->insert(std::pair<std::string, Bump_BaseObject*(*)()>(s, &createT<T>));
}
};
还有一种方法可以在注册时打印类名吗?
答案 0 :(得分:6)
我认为您的代码完全混淆,将预处理程序指令与奇怪的继承模式混合在一起。我想提出一个通用的,自我注册的工厂框架(它将在注册时打印出来),而不是试图修复它。
请注意,所有全局初始化都发生在动态初始化阶段期间,即在调用main()
之前的运行时。
<强> Base.hpp:强>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <string>
class Base
{
public:
typedef Base * (*base_creator_fn)();
typedef std::unordered_map<std::string, base_creator_fn> registry_map;
virtual ~Base() = default;
static registry_map & registry();
static Base * instantiate(std::string const & name);
};
struct Registrar
{
Registrar(std::string name, Base::base_creator_fn func);
};
<强> Base.cpp:强>
#include "Base.hpp"
#include <iostream>
registry_map & Base::registry()
{
static registry_map impl;
return impl;
}
Base * Base::instantiate(std::string const & name)
{
auto it = Base::registry().find(name);
return it == Base::registry().end() ? nullptr : (it->second)();
}
Registrar::Registrar(std::string name, Base::base_creator_fn func)
{
Base::registry()[name] = func;
std::cout << "Registering class '" << name << "'\n";
}
<强> Example.hpp:强>
#include "Base.hpp"
class DerivedExample : public Base
{
static Registrar registrar;
public:
static Base * create() { return new DerivedExample; }
// ...
};
<强> Example.cpp:强>
#include "Example.hpp"
Registrar DerivedExample::registrar("DerivedExample", DerivedExample::create);
<强> Main.cpp的强>
#include "Example.hpp"
int main()
{
Base * p = Base::instantiate("DerivedExample");
Base * q = Base::instantiate("AnotherExample");
}
这里的关键是每个派生类都有一个静态Registrar
成员,它在程序的动态初始化阶段被初始化(以未指定的顺序),并且每个构造函数执行实际插入到注册表中映射,以及打印出日志消息。
(如果您没有现代C ++编译器,则必须使用旧的C ++ 98风格语法:)
virtual ~Base() { } // no "= default"
Base::registry_map::const_iterator it = Base::registry().find(name); // no "auto"