Question

为我的春季应用程序编写Junit测试。因为我是新手，所以我尝试编写一个我知道可以工作的DAO类的单元测试（在JBoss中运行）。但是，我不能让它在Eclipse中作为单元测试工作。我一直在创建“错误创建bean ...无法自动装配字段：NoSuchBeanDefinition”。

我在StackOverflow和其他网站上看到类似的错误，它总是出现语法错误或尝试自动装配接口的实现而不是接口等。我没有看到任何这些错误我的代码。

我确实从项目附带的Spring配置中单独下载了Spring-test.jar。两者都来自Spring 2.5，所以我不认为这应该是一个问题：/

Eclipse与JUnit 4.8捆绑在一起，Spring Unit Test无法使用它，因此我将JUnit降级为使用4.4

要考虑的一件事......如果你查看我的单元测试的代码，你会注意到我自动连接两个字段：我想要测试的查询服务的SimpleJdbcTemplate。好吧，如果我删除DrugDao及其所有引用，那么SimpleJdbcQuery自动连接就好了。

以下是您的评论的堆栈跟踪：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'tst.hcps.glucosemanagement.dataaccess.DrugDaoTest': Autowiring of fields failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.hcps.glucosemanagement.repository.meds.DrugDao tst.hcps.glucosemanagement.dataaccess.DrugDaoTest.dQuery; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No unique bean of type [com.hcps.glucosemanagement.repository.meds.DrugDao] is defined: Unsatisfied dependency of type [interface com.hcps.glucosemanagement.repository.meds.DrugDao]: expected at least 1 matching bean
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessAfterInstantiation(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:243)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:959)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:329)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:127)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:85)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:231)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:95)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.invokeTestMethod(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:139)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit4ClassRunner.runMethods(JUnit4ClassRunner.java:51)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit4ClassRunner$1.run(JUnit4ClassRunner.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runUnprotected(ClassRoadie.java:27)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runProtected(ClassRoadie.java:37)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit4ClassRunner.run(JUnit4ClassRunner.java:42)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:49)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.hcps.glucosemanagement.repository.meds.DrugDao tst.hcps.glucosemanagement.dataaccess.DrugDaoTest.dQuery; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No unique bean of type [com.hcps.glucosemanagement.repository.meds.DrugDao] is defined: Unsatisfied dependency of type [interface com.hcps.glucosemanagement.repository.meds.DrugDao]: expected at least 1 matching bean
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:435)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.injectFields(InjectionMetadata.java:105)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessAfterInstantiation(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:240)
    ... 18 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No unique bean of type [com.hcps.glucosemanagement.repository.meds.DrugDao] is defined: Unsatisfied dependency of type [interface com.hcps.glucosemanagement.repository.meds.DrugDao]: expected at least 1 matching bean
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:613)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:412)
    ... 20 more

以下是界面和实现：

DrugDao.java

package com.hcps.glucosemanagement.repository.meds;

import java.util.List;

import com.hcps.glucosemanagement.domain.meds.Drug;

public interface DrugDao {

    public List<Drug> searchDrugsByPrimaryName(String facilityId, String name);

    public List<Drug> searchDrugs(String facilityId, String primaryName, String secondaryName);

}

SpringJdbcDrugQuery.java

package com.hcps.glucosemanagement.repository.meds;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.dao.EmptyResultDataAccessException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.ParameterizedRowMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.hcps.glucosemanagement.domain.meds.Drug;
import com.hcps.glucosemanagement.repository.DaoOperations;

@Service
public class SpringJdbcDrugQuery extends DaoOperations implements DrugDao {

private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(SpringJdbcDrugQuery.class);

public List<Drug> searchDrugsByPrimaryName(String facilityId, String name) 
{
    return searchDrugs(facilityId, name, null);
}

public List<Drug> searchDrugs(String facilityId, String primaryName, String secondaryName) 
{
    List<Drug> results = null;

    StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer();    
    HashMap<String, Object> namedParameters = new HashMap<String, Object>();

    if(primaryName==null) return null;

    sql = new StringBuffer();

    sql.append("SELECT");
            ...
        results = simpleJdbcTemplate.query(sql.toString(), new DrugMapper(), 


    return results;
}

private static final class DrugMapper implements ParameterizedRowMapper<Drug> 
{

    public Drug mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
        Drug drug = new Drug();
        drug.setFacilityId(rs.getString("FACILITY_ID"));
        drug.setPrimaryName(rs.getString("PRIMARY_NAME"));
        drug.setSecondaryName(rs.getString("SEC_NAME"));
        return drug;
    }

}
}

DrugDaoTest2.java（首先位于单独的源文件夹中，然后在同一文件夹中尝试）

package com.hcps.glucosemanagement.repository.meds;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;

import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.hcps.glucosemanagement.domain.meds.Drug;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={
        "classpath:common-test.xml"
})
public class DrugDaoTest2 {

    @Autowired
    DrugDao dQuery;
    @Autowired
    SimpleJdbcTemplate queryTemplate;

    @Test public void glucoseFetch() {
        List<Drug> rslts = dQuery.searchDrugsByPrimaryName(null, "INSU*");
        assertTrue(rslts.size()>0);
        int i=0;
        System.out.println(i);

    }

    public void setDrugDao(DrugDao drugDao) {
        this.dQuery = drugDao;
    }
}

共的test.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd"
>

   <!--
   Test configuration for Spring/JUnit Testing
   -->

  <bean id="contextApplicationContextProvider" class="com.hcps.glucosemanagement.spring.ApplicationContextProvider" />

  <bean id="jmxExporter" class="org.springframework.jmx.export.MBeanExporter" lazy-init="false">
    <property name="beans">
      <map>
        <entry key="bean:name=Log4jJmxServiceMBean" value-ref="glucosemanagement.Log4jJmxService" />
      </map>
    </property>
  </bean>
  <bean id="glucosemanagement.Log4jJmxService" class="com.hcps.glucosemanagement.logging.Log4jJmxService" />

  <bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
    <property name="basename" value="/WEB-INF/messages" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="parameterMappingInterceptor" class="org.springframework.web.portlet.handler.ParameterMappingInterceptor" />
  <bean id="viewResolverCommon" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
    p:order="2"
    p:cache="false"
    p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"
    p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/"
    p:suffix=".jsp"
  />

  <bean id="defaultExceptionHandler" class="org.springframework.web.portlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
    <property name="defaultErrorView" value="../error"/>
    <property name="exceptionMappings">
      <props>
        <prop key="javax.portlet.PortletSecurityException">notAuthorized</prop>
        <prop key="javax.portlet.UnavailableException">notAvailable</prop>
      </props>
    </property>
  </bean>

  <bean id="simpleParameterJdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcTemplate">
    <constructor-arg ref="hciDataSource" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="hciDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" />
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@//vir-tst.com:1521/qar01.world" />
    <property name="username" value="ccuser" />
    <property name="password" value="bueno" />
    <property name="maxActive" value="30" />
    <property name="maxWait" value="30" />
    <property name="maxIdle" value="30" />
  </bean>

</beans>

Answer 1

我的错误：我错过了其他地方引用的另一个Spring配置文件。在我的单元测试中为任何自动装配的字段添加此字段和定义setter解决了这个问题。

当出现这些类型的错误时，我正在使用此清单：

确保实现接口类型的类使用“@Service” 注释
确保在XML中正确配置bean：
最简单的方法是使用：

<context:component-scan base-package="com.customization.packagename" />

这会添加包名称
或创建XML Bean定义

Answer 2

我遇到了类似的问题，发现虽然我可以在Eclipse中成功自动运行类，但是surefire只需要自动连接接口。特别是只有在使用Cobertura进行仪器测试时才会发生这种情况，所以很可能确定代理生成有问题。现在，我刚刚介绍了一个适合我的用例的新界面，但肯定应该有另一个合适的解决方案。

Answer 3

将类型SpringJdbcDrugQuery的bean定义添加到common-test.xml

Answer 4

我也遇到了这个问题，我只是添加了setter，然后效果很好。

使用Spring Junit测试自动失败

4 个答案: