iOS图像方向具有奇怪的行为

Question

在过去的几周里，我一直在使用objective-c中的图像并注意到许多奇怪的行为。首先，像许多其他人一样，我一直遇到这个问题，用相机拍摄的图像（或用别人的相机和MMS给我拍摄）旋转90度。我不确定为什么在世界上这种情况发生了（因此my question）但我能够提出一个廉价的工作。

这次我的问题是为什么会发生这种情况？为什么Apple会旋转图像？当我用相机正面拍摄照片时，除非我执行上面提到的代码，否则当我保存照片时，它会被保存为旋转状态。现在，我的解决方法在几天前还可以。

我的应用程序修改了图像的各个像素，特别是PNG的alpha通道（因此任何JPEG转换都会从我的场景中抛出窗口）。几天前，我注意到即使图像在我的应用程序中正确显示，这要归功于我的解决方法代码，当我的算法修改图像的各个像素时，它认为图像是旋转的。因此，它不是修改图像顶部的像素，而是修改图像一侧的像素（因为它认为它应该被旋转）！我无法弄清楚如何在内存中旋转图像 - 理想情况下，我更愿意将imageOrientation标记一起擦除。

以下是其他令我困惑的事情......当我拍摄照片时，imageOrientation设置为3.我的解决方法代码非常智能，可以实现这一点并将其翻转，以便用户不会注意到。此外，我将图像保存到库中的代码实现了这一点，将其翻转，然后保存它以使其正确显示在相机胶卷中。

该代码如下：

NSData* pngdata = UIImagePNGRepresentation (self.workingImage); //PNG wrap 
UIImage* img = [self rotateImageAppropriately:[UIImage imageWithData:pngdata]];   
UIImageWriteToSavedPhotosAlbum(img, nil, nil, nil);

当我将这个新保存的图像加载到我的应用程序中时，imageOrientation为0 - 正是我想要看到的，我的旋转解决方法甚至不需要运行（注意：从互联网上加载图像时与使用相机拍摄的图像相反，imageOrientation始终为0，从而产生完美的行为。出于某种原因，我的保存代码似乎擦掉了这个imageOrientation标志。我希望只是窃取该代码，并在用户拍摄照片后将其用于擦除我的imageOrientation并将其添加到应用程序中，但它似乎无法正常工作。 UIImageWriteToSavedPhotosAlbum imageOrientation做了哪些特别的事情？

对于这个问题，最好的解决办法就是在用户完成拍摄图像后立即吹掉imageOrientation。我认为Apple出于某种原因完成了旋转行为，对吧？一些人认为这是Apple的缺陷。

（...如果你还没有迷路......注2：当我拍摄水平照片时，一切似乎都很完美，就像从互联网上拍摄的照片一样）

编辑：

以下是一些图像和场景的实际情况。根据目前为止的评论，看起来这种奇怪的行为不仅仅是一种iPhone行为，我认为这很好。

这张照片是我用手机拍摄的照片（请注意正确的方向），它与拍摄照片时的手机完全一样：

以下是我通过电子邮件将图片发送给自己后的图片（看起来像Gmail正确处理）：

以下是图片在Windows中作为缩略图的样子（看起来看起来没有正确处理）：

以下是使用Windows Photo Viewer打开时的实际图像（仍未正确处理）：

在对这个问题的所有评论之后，这就是我在想的...... iPhone拍摄了一张图像，并说“要正确显示，需要旋转90度”。此信息将在EXIF数据中。 （为什么它需要旋转90度，而不是默认直线垂直，我不知道）。从这里开始，Gmail非常智能，可以读取和分析EXIF数据，并正确显示它。但是，Windows不够智能，无法读取EXIF数据，因此显示图像不正确。我的假设是否正确？

Answer 1

当我从Camera获取图像时遇到了同样的问题，我将以下代码修复它。添加了方法scaleAndRotateImage from here

- (void) imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)thePicker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)imageInfo {
            // Images from the camera are always in landscape, so rotate
                    UIImage *image = [self scaleAndRotateImage: [imageInfo objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage]];
    //then save the image to photo gallery or wherever  
        }


- (UIImage *)scaleAndRotateImage:(UIImage *) image {
    int kMaxResolution = 320;

    CGImageRef imgRef = image.CGImage;

    CGFloat width = CGImageGetWidth(imgRef);
    CGFloat height = CGImageGetHeight(imgRef);


    CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
    CGRect bounds = CGRectMake(0, 0, width, height);
    if (width > kMaxResolution || height > kMaxResolution) {
        CGFloat ratio = width/height;
        if (ratio > 1) {
            bounds.size.width = kMaxResolution;
            bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width / ratio;
        }
        else {
            bounds.size.height = kMaxResolution;
            bounds.size.width = bounds.size.height * ratio;
        }
    }

    CGFloat scaleRatio = bounds.size.width / width;
    CGSize imageSize = CGSizeMake(CGImageGetWidth(imgRef), CGImageGetHeight(imgRef));
    CGFloat boundHeight;
    UIImageOrientation orient = image.imageOrientation;
    switch(orient) {

        case UIImageOrientationUp: //EXIF = 1
            transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
            break;

        case UIImageOrientationUpMirrored: //EXIF = 2
            transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(imageSize.width, 0.0);
            transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, -1.0, 1.0);
            break;

        case UIImageOrientationDown: //EXIF = 3
            transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(imageSize.width, imageSize.height);
            transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, M_PI);
            break;

        case UIImageOrientationDownMirrored: //EXIF = 4
            transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(0.0, imageSize.height);
            transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, 1.0, -1.0);
            break;

        case UIImageOrientationLeftMirrored: //EXIF = 5
            boundHeight = bounds.size.height;
            bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
            bounds.size.width = boundHeight;
            transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(imageSize.height, imageSize.width);
            transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, -1.0, 1.0);
            transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, 3.0 * M_PI / 2.0);
            break;

        case UIImageOrientationLeft: //EXIF = 6
            boundHeight = bounds.size.height;
            bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
            bounds.size.width = boundHeight;
            transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(0.0, imageSize.width);
            transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, 3.0 * M_PI / 2.0);
            break;

        case UIImageOrientationRightMirrored: //EXIF = 7
            boundHeight = bounds.size.height;
            bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
            bounds.size.width = boundHeight;
            transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(-1.0, 1.0);
            transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, M_PI / 2.0);
            break;

        case UIImageOrientationRight: //EXIF = 8
            boundHeight = bounds.size.height;
            bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
            bounds.size.width = boundHeight;
            transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(imageSize.height, 0.0);
            transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, M_PI / 2.0);
            break;

        default:
            [NSException raise:NSInternalInconsistencyException format:@"Invalid image orientation"];

    }

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(bounds.size);

    CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();

    if (orient == UIImageOrientationRight || orient == UIImageOrientationLeft) {
        CGContextScaleCTM(context, -scaleRatio, scaleRatio);
        CGContextTranslateCTM(context, -height, 0);
    }
    else {
        CGContextScaleCTM(context, scaleRatio, -scaleRatio);
        CGContextTranslateCTM(context, 0, -height);
    }

    CGContextConcatCTM(context, transform);

    CGContextDrawImage(UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(), CGRectMake(0, 0, width, height), imgRef);
    UIImage *imageCopy = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

    return imageCopy;
}

Answer 2

我在其上做了R＆amp; D并发现，每个图像文件都有元数据属性。如果元数据指定图像的方向，除了Mac之外，其他操作系统通常会忽略该方向。拍摄的大多数图像都将其元数据属性设置为直角。所以Mac显示它旋转90度的方式。您可以在Windows操作系统中以适当的方式查看相同的图像。

有关详细信息，请阅读此回答http://graphicssoft.about.com/od/digitalphotography/f/sideways-pictures.htm

尝试在http://www.exifviewer.org/或http://regex.info/exif.cgi或http://www.addictivetips.com/internet-tips/view-complete-exif-metadata-information-of-any-jpeg-image-online/

中阅读您的图片。

Answer 3

快速复制/粘贴Dilip excellent answer的快速翻译。

import Darwin

class func rotateCameraImageToProperOrientation(imageSource : UIImage, maxResolution : CGFloat) -> UIImage {

    let imgRef = imageSource.CGImage;

    let width = CGFloat(CGImageGetWidth(imgRef));
    let height = CGFloat(CGImageGetHeight(imgRef));

    var bounds = CGRectMake(0, 0, width, height)

    var scaleRatio : CGFloat = 1
    if (width > maxResolution || height > maxResolution) {

        scaleRatio = min(maxResolution / bounds.size.width, maxResolution / bounds.size.height)
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.height * scaleRatio
        bounds.size.width = bounds.size.width * scaleRatio
    }

    var transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity
    let orient = imageSource.imageOrientation
    let imageSize = CGSizeMake(CGFloat(CGImageGetWidth(imgRef)), CGFloat(CGImageGetHeight(imgRef)))


    switch(imageSource.imageOrientation) {
    case .Up :
        transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity

    case .UpMirrored :
        transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(imageSize.width, 0.0);
        transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, -1.0, 1.0);

    case .Down :
        transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(imageSize.width, imageSize.height);
        transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, CGFloat(M_PI));

    case .DownMirrored :
        transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(0.0, imageSize.height);
        transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, 1.0, -1.0);

    case .Left :
        let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
        bounds.size.width = storedHeight;
        transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(0.0, imageSize.width);
        transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, 3.0 * CGFloat(M_PI) / 2.0);

    case .LeftMirrored :
        let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
        bounds.size.width = storedHeight;
        transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(imageSize.height, imageSize.width);
        transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, -1.0, 1.0);
        transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, 3.0 * CGFloat(M_PI) / 2.0);

    case .Right :
        let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
        bounds.size.width = storedHeight;
        transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(imageSize.height, 0.0);
        transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, CGFloat(M_PI) / 2.0);

    case .RightMirrored :
        let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
        bounds.size.width = storedHeight;
        transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(-1.0, 1.0);
        transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, CGFloat(M_PI) / 2.0);

    default : ()
    }

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(bounds.size)
    let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()

    if orient == .Right || orient == .Left {
        CGContextScaleCTM(context, -scaleRatio, scaleRatio);
        CGContextTranslateCTM(context, -height, 0);
    } else {
        CGContextScaleCTM(context, scaleRatio, -scaleRatio);
        CGContextTranslateCTM(context, 0, -height);
    }

    CGContextConcatCTM(context, transform);
    CGContextDrawImage(UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(), CGRectMake(0, 0, width, height), imgRef);

    let imageCopy = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

    return imageCopy;
}

Answer 4

Swift 4版本，安全检查Dilip's answer。

public static func rotateCameraImageToProperOrientation(imageSource : UIImage, maxResolution : CGFloat = 320) -> UIImage? {

    guard let imgRef = imageSource.cgImage else {
        return nil
    }

    let width = CGFloat(imgRef.width)
    let height = CGFloat(imgRef.height)

    var bounds = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height)

    var scaleRatio : CGFloat = 1
    if (width > maxResolution || height > maxResolution) {

        scaleRatio = min(maxResolution / bounds.size.width, maxResolution / bounds.size.height)
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.height * scaleRatio
        bounds.size.width = bounds.size.width * scaleRatio
    }

    var transform = CGAffineTransform.identity
    let orient = imageSource.imageOrientation
    let imageSize = CGSize(width: CGFloat(imgRef.width), height: CGFloat(imgRef.height))

    switch(imageSource.imageOrientation) {
    case .up:
        transform = .identity
    case .upMirrored:
        transform = CGAffineTransform
            .init(translationX: imageSize.width, y: 0)
            .scaledBy(x: -1.0, y: 1.0)
    case .down:
        transform = CGAffineTransform
            .init(translationX: imageSize.width, y: imageSize.height)
            .rotated(by: CGFloat.pi)
    case .downMirrored:
        transform = CGAffineTransform
            .init(translationX: 0, y: imageSize.height)
            .scaledBy(x: 1.0, y: -1.0)
    case .left:
        let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
        bounds.size.width = storedHeight;
        transform = CGAffineTransform
            .init(translationX: 0, y: imageSize.width)
            .rotated(by: 3.0 * CGFloat.pi / 2.0)
    case .leftMirrored:
        let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
        bounds.size.width = storedHeight;
        transform = CGAffineTransform
            .init(translationX: imageSize.height, y: imageSize.width)
            .scaledBy(x: -1.0, y: 1.0)
            .rotated(by: 3.0 * CGFloat.pi / 2.0)
    case .right :
        let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
        bounds.size.width = storedHeight;
        transform = CGAffineTransform
            .init(translationX: imageSize.height, y: 0)
            .rotated(by: CGFloat.pi / 2.0)
    case .rightMirrored:
        let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
        bounds.size.width = storedHeight;
        transform = CGAffineTransform
            .init(scaleX: -1.0, y: 1.0)
            .rotated(by: CGFloat.pi / 2.0)
    }

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(bounds.size)
    if let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext() {
        if orient == .right || orient == .left {
            context.scaleBy(x: -scaleRatio, y: scaleRatio)
            context.translateBy(x: -height, y: 0)
        } else {
            context.scaleBy(x: scaleRatio, y: -scaleRatio)
            context.translateBy(x: 0, y: -height)
        }

        context.concatenate(transform)
        context.draw(imgRef, in: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height))
    }

    let imageCopy = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

    return imageCopy
}

Answer 5

iPhone / iPad生成的任何图像都保存为Landscape Left，并带有EXIF Orientation标记（Exif.Image.Orientation），指定实际方向。

它具有以下值： 1：左侧风景 6：人像正常 3：风景正确 4：人像颠倒

在IOS中，正确读取EXIF信息并以与拍摄时相同的方式显示图像。但在Windows中，不使用EXIF信息。

如果您在GIMP中打开其中一个图像，则表示该图像具有旋转信息。

Answer 6

  

这次我的问题是为什么会发生这种情况？为什么Apple会旋转图像？

答案很简单。 Apple不会旋转图像。这就是混乱所在。

CCD相机无法旋转，因此它始终以横向模式拍摄照片。

Apple做了一件非常聪明的事情 - 而不是花费所有时间来旋转图像 - 将兆字节的数据混乱 - 只需用照片拍摄它来标记它。

OpenGL非常容易进行翻译 - 所以DATA永远不会被洗牌 - 只是它如何绘制。

因此取向元数据。

如果你想要裁剪，调整大小等，这就成了一个问题 - 但是一旦你知道发生了什么，你就可以定义你的矩阵，一切都会成功。

Answer 7

对于任何使用Xamarin的人来说，这里是Dilip great answer的C＃翻译，感谢Swift translation的那个。

public static UIImage RotateCameraImageToProperOrientation(UIImage imageSource, nfloat maxResolution) {

    var imgRef = imageSource.CGImage;

    var width = (nfloat)imgRef.Width;
    var height = (nfloat)imgRef.Height;

    var bounds = new CGRect(0, 0, width, height);

    nfloat scaleRatio = 1;

    if (width > maxResolution || height > maxResolution) 
    {
        scaleRatio = (nfloat)Math.Min(maxResolution / bounds.Width, maxResolution / bounds.Height);
        bounds.Height = bounds.Height * scaleRatio;
        bounds.Width = bounds.Width * scaleRatio;
    }

    var transform = CGAffineTransform.MakeIdentity();
    var orient = imageSource.Orientation;
    var imageSize = new CGSize(imgRef.Width, imgRef.Height);
    nfloat storedHeight;

    switch(imageSource.Orientation) {
        case UIImageOrientation.Up:
            transform = CGAffineTransform.MakeIdentity();
            break;

        case UIImageOrientation.UpMirrored :
            transform = CGAffineTransform.MakeTranslation(imageSize.Width, 0.0f);
            transform = CGAffineTransform.Scale(transform, -1.0f, 1.0f);
            break;

        case UIImageOrientation.Down :
            transform = CGAffineTransform.MakeTranslation(imageSize.Width, imageSize.Height);
            transform = CGAffineTransform.Rotate(transform, (nfloat)Math.PI);
            break;

        case UIImageOrientation.DownMirrored :
            transform = CGAffineTransform.MakeTranslation(0.0f, imageSize.Height);
            transform = CGAffineTransform.Scale(transform, 1.0f, -1.0f);
            break;

        case UIImageOrientation.Left:
            storedHeight = bounds.Height;
            bounds.Height = bounds.Width;
            bounds.Width = storedHeight;
            transform = CGAffineTransform.MakeTranslation(0.0f, imageSize.Width);
            transform = CGAffineTransform.Rotate(transform, 3.0f * (nfloat)Math.PI / 2.0f);
            break;

        case UIImageOrientation.LeftMirrored :
            storedHeight = bounds.Height;
            bounds.Height = bounds.Width;
            bounds.Width = storedHeight;
            transform = CGAffineTransform.MakeTranslation(imageSize.Height, imageSize.Width);
            transform = CGAffineTransform.Scale(transform, -1.0f, 1.0f);
            transform = CGAffineTransform.Rotate(transform, 3.0f * (nfloat)Math.PI / 2.0f);
            break;

        case UIImageOrientation.Right :
            storedHeight = bounds.Height;
            bounds.Height = bounds.Width;
            bounds.Width = storedHeight;
            transform = CGAffineTransform.MakeTranslation(imageSize.Height, 0.0f);
            transform = CGAffineTransform.Rotate(transform, (nfloat)Math.PI / 2.0f);
            break;

        case UIImageOrientation.RightMirrored :
            storedHeight = bounds.Height;
            bounds.Height = bounds.Width;
            bounds.Width = storedHeight;
            transform = CGAffineTransform.MakeScale(-1.0f, 1.0f);
            transform = CGAffineTransform.Rotate(transform, (nfloat)Math.PI / 2.0f);
            break;

        default :
            break;
    }

    UIGraphics.BeginImageContext(bounds.Size);
    var context = UIGraphics.GetCurrentContext();

    if (orient == UIImageOrientation.Right || orient == UIImageOrientation.Left) {
        context.ScaleCTM(-scaleRatio, scaleRatio);
        context.TranslateCTM(-height, 0);
    } else {
        context.ScaleCTM(scaleRatio, -scaleRatio);
        context.TranslateCTM(0, -height);
    }

    context.ConcatCTM(transform);
    context.DrawImage(new CGRect(0, 0, width, height), imgRef);

    var imageCopy = UIGraphics.GetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphics.EndImageContext();

    return imageCopy;
}

Answer 8

我遇到了这个问题，因为我遇到了类似的问题，但是使用了Swift。只是想链接到适用于任何其他Swift开发人员的答案：https://stackoverflow.com/a/26676578/3904581

这是一个可以有效解决问题的Swift代码段：

let orientedImage = UIImage(CGImage: initialImage.CGImage, scale: 1, orientation: initialImage.imageOrientation)!

超级简单。一行代码。问题解决了。

Answer 9

我确切地知道你的问题是什么。你正在使用UIImagePicker，这在任何意义上都很奇怪。我建议你使用AVFoundation作为相机，它提供了方向和质量的灵活性。使用AVCaptureSession。 您可以在此处获取代码How to save photos taken using AVFoundation to Photo Album?

Answer 10

快速重构Swift 3（有人可以测试它并确认一切正常吗？）：

static func rotateCameraImageToProperOrientation(imageSource : UIImage, maxResolution : CGFloat) -> UIImage {
    let imgRef = imageSource.cgImage

    let width = CGFloat(imgRef!.width)
    let height = CGFloat(imgRef!.height)

    var bounds = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height)

    var scaleRatio : CGFloat = 1
    if width > maxResolution || height > maxResolution {

        scaleRatio = min(maxResolution / bounds.size.width, maxResolution / bounds.size.height)
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.height * scaleRatio
        bounds.size.width = bounds.size.width * scaleRatio
    }

    var transform = CGAffineTransform.identity
    let orient = imageSource.imageOrientation
    let imageSize = CGSize(width: imgRef!.width, height: imgRef!.height)

    switch imageSource.imageOrientation {
    case .up :
        transform = CGAffineTransform.identity

    case .upMirrored :
        transform = CGAffineTransform(translationX: imageSize.width, y: 0)
        transform = transform.scaledBy(x: -1, y: 1)

    case .down :
        transform = CGAffineTransform(translationX: imageSize.width, y: imageSize.height)
        transform = transform.rotated(by: CGFloat.pi)

    case .downMirrored :
        transform = CGAffineTransform(translationX: 0, y: imageSize.height)
        transform = transform.scaledBy(x: 1, y: -1)

    case .left :
        let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width
        bounds.size.width = storedHeight
        transform = CGAffineTransform(translationX: 0, y: imageSize.width)
        transform = transform.rotated(by: 3.0 * CGFloat.pi / 2.0)

    case .leftMirrored :
        let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width
        bounds.size.width = storedHeight
        transform = CGAffineTransform(translationX: imageSize.height, y: imageSize.width)
        transform = transform.scaledBy(x: -1, y: 1)
        transform = transform.rotated(by: 3.0 * CGFloat.pi / 2.0)

    case .right :
        let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width
        bounds.size.width = storedHeight
        transform = CGAffineTransform(translationX: imageSize.height, y: 0)
        transform = transform.rotated(by: CGFloat.pi / 2.0)

    case .rightMirrored :
        let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width
        bounds.size.width = storedHeight
        transform = CGAffineTransform(scaleX: -1, y: 1)
        transform = transform.rotated(by: CGFloat.pi / 2.0)

    }

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(bounds.size)
    let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()

    if orient == .right || orient == .left {

        context!.scaleBy(x: -scaleRatio, y: scaleRatio)
        context!.translateBy(x: -height, y: 0)
    } else {
        context!.scaleBy(x: scaleRatio, y: -scaleRatio)
        context!.translateBy(x: 0, y: -height)
    }

    context!.concatenate(transform)
    context!.draw(imgRef!, in: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height))

    let imageCopy = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

    return imageCopy!
}

Answer 11

这是Dilip的Swift3版本的精彩答案

func rotateCameraImageToProperOrientation(imageSource : UIImage, maxResolution : CGFloat) -> UIImage {
    let imgRef = imageSource.cgImage!;

    let width = CGFloat(imgRef.width);
    let height = CGFloat(imgRef.height);

    var bounds = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height)

    var scaleRatio : CGFloat = 1
    if (width > maxResolution || height > maxResolution) {
        scaleRatio = min(maxResolution / bounds.size.width, maxResolution / bounds.size.height)
        bounds.size.height = bounds.size.height * scaleRatio
        bounds.size.width = bounds.size.width * scaleRatio
    }

    var transform = CGAffineTransform.identity
    let orient = imageSource.imageOrientation
    let imageSize = CGSize(width: width, height: height)


    switch(imageSource.imageOrientation) {
        case .up :
            transform = CGAffineTransform.identity

        case .upMirrored :
            transform = CGAffineTransform(translationX: imageSize.width, y: 0.0);
            transform = transform.scaledBy(x: -1, y: 1);

        case .down :
            transform = CGAffineTransform(translationX: imageSize.width, y: imageSize.height);
            transform = transform.rotated(by: CGFloat(Double.pi));

        case .downMirrored :
            transform = CGAffineTransform(translationX: 0.0, y: imageSize.height);
            transform = transform.scaledBy(x: 1, y: -1);

        case .left :
            let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
            bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
            bounds.size.width = storedHeight;
            transform = CGAffineTransform(translationX: 0.0, y: imageSize.width);
            transform = transform.rotated(by: 3.0 * CGFloat(Double.pi) / 2.0);

        case .leftMirrored :
            let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
            bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
            bounds.size.width = storedHeight;
            transform = CGAffineTransform(translationX: imageSize.height, y: imageSize.width);
            transform = transform.scaledBy(x: -1, y: 1);
            transform = transform.rotated(by: 3.0 * CGFloat(Double.pi) / 2.0);

        case .right :
            let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
            bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
            bounds.size.width = storedHeight;
            transform = CGAffineTransform(translationX: imageSize.height, y: 0.0);
            transform = transform.rotated(by: CGFloat(Double.pi) / 2.0);

        case .rightMirrored :
            let storedHeight = bounds.size.height
            bounds.size.height = bounds.size.width;
            bounds.size.width = storedHeight;
            transform = CGAffineTransform(scaleX: -1.0, y: 1.0);
            transform = transform.rotated(by: CGFloat(Double.pi) / 2.0);
    }

    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(bounds.size)
    let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!

    if orient == .right || orient == .left {
        context.scaleBy(x: -scaleRatio, y: scaleRatio);
        context.translateBy(x: -height, y: 0);
    } else {
        context.scaleBy(x: scaleRatio, y: -scaleRatio);
        context.translateBy(x: 0, y: -height);
    }

    context.concatenate(transform);
    context.draw(imgRef, in: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height))

    let imageCopy = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

    return imageCopy!;
}

Answer 12

您可以通过此代码修复此 HECI 旋转图像

Swift 5 扩展：

extension UIImage {
    /// Fix image orientaton to protrait up
    func fixedOrientation() -> UIImage? {
        guard imageOrientation != UIImage.Orientation.up else {
            // This is default orientation, don't need to do anything
            return self.copy() as? UIImage
        }

        guard let cgImage = self.cgImage else {
            // CGImage is not available
            return nil
        }

        guard let colorSpace = cgImage.colorSpace, let ctx = CGContext(data: nil, width: Int(size.width), height: Int(size.height), bitsPerComponent: cgImage.bitsPerComponent, bytesPerRow: 0, space: colorSpace, bitmapInfo: CGImageAlphaInfo.premultipliedLast.rawValue) else {
            return nil // Not able to create CGContext
        }

        var transform: CGAffineTransform = CGAffineTransform.identity

        switch imageOrientation {
        case .down, .downMirrored:
            transform = transform.translatedBy(x: size.width, y: size.height)
            transform = transform.rotated(by: CGFloat.pi)
        case .left, .leftMirrored:
            transform = transform.translatedBy(x: size.width, y: 0)
            transform = transform.rotated(by: CGFloat.pi / 2.0)
        case .right, .rightMirrored:
            transform = transform.translatedBy(x: 0, y: size.height)
            transform = transform.rotated(by: CGFloat.pi / -2.0)
        case .up, .upMirrored:
            break
        @unknown default:
            fatalError("Missing...")
            break
        }

        // Flip image one more time if needed to, this is to prevent flipped image
        switch imageOrientation {
        case .upMirrored, .downMirrored:
            transform = transform.translatedBy(x: size.width, y: 0)
            transform = transform.scaledBy(x: -1, y: 1)
        case .leftMirrored, .rightMirrored:
            transform = transform.translatedBy(x: size.height, y: 0)
            transform = transform.scaledBy(x: -1, y: 1)
        case .up, .down, .left, .right:
            break
        @unknown default:
            fatalError("Missing...")
            break
        }

        ctx.concatenate(transform)

        switch imageOrientation {
        case .left, .leftMirrored, .right, .rightMirrored:
            ctx.draw(cgImage, in: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: size.height, height: size.width))
        default:
            ctx.draw(cgImage, in: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: size.width, height: size.height))
            break
        }

        guard let newCGImage = ctx.makeImage() else { return nil }
        return UIImage.init(cgImage: newCGImage, scale: 1, orientation: .up)
    }
}

目标 C 代码：

-(UIImage *)scaleAndRotateImage:(UIImage *)image{
        // No-op if the orientation is already correct
        if (image.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationUp) return image;
        
        // We need to calculate the proper transformation to make the image upright.
        // We do it in 2 steps: Rotate if Left/Right/Down, and then flip if Mirrored.
        CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
        
        switch (image.imageOrientation) {
            case UIImageOrientationDown:
            case UIImageOrientationDownMirrored:
                transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, image.size.width, image.size.height);
                transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, M_PI);
                break;
                
            case UIImageOrientationLeft:
            case UIImageOrientationLeftMirrored:
                transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, image.size.width, 0);
                transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, M_PI_2);
                break;
                
            case UIImageOrientationRight:
            case UIImageOrientationRightMirrored:
                transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, 0, image.size.height);
                transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, -M_PI_2);
                break;
            case UIImageOrientationUp:
            case UIImageOrientationUpMirrored:
                break;
        }
        
        switch (image.imageOrientation) {
            case UIImageOrientationUpMirrored:
            case UIImageOrientationDownMirrored:
                transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, image.size.width, 0);
                transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, -1, 1);
                break;
                
            case UIImageOrientationLeftMirrored:
            case UIImageOrientationRightMirrored:
                transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, image.size.height, 0);
                transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, -1, 1);
                break;
            case UIImageOrientationUp:
            case UIImageOrientationDown:
            case UIImageOrientationLeft:
            case UIImageOrientationRight:
                break;
        }
        
        // Now we draw the underlying CGImage into a new context, applying the transform
        // calculated above.
        CGContextRef ctx = CGBitmapContextCreate(NULL, image.size.width, image.size.height,
                                                 CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(image.CGImage), 0,
                                                 CGImageGetColorSpace(image.CGImage),
                                                 CGImageGetBitmapInfo(image.CGImage));
        CGContextConcatCTM(ctx, transform);
        switch (image.imageOrientation) {
            case UIImageOrientationLeft:
            case UIImageOrientationLeftMirrored:
            case UIImageOrientationRight:
            case UIImageOrientationRightMirrored:
                // Grr...
                CGContextDrawImage(ctx, CGRectMake(0,0,image.size.height,image.size.width), image.CGImage);
                break;
                
            default:
                CGContextDrawImage(ctx, CGRectMake(0,0,image.size.width,image.size.height), image.CGImage);
                break;
        }
        
        // And now we just create a new UIImage from the drawing context
        CGImageRef cgimg = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(ctx);
        UIImage *img = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:cgimg];
        CGContextRelease(ctx);
        CGImageRelease(cgimg);
        return img;
}

代码的使用

 UIImage *img=[info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];

 img=[self scaleAndRotateImage:img];
 NSData *image = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(img, 0.1);

Answer 13

尝试将图像格式更改为.jpeg。这对我有用