为什么CPU时间是负的

时间:2012-05-10 05:18:10

标签: c++ c linux timing

我正在尝试测量以下代码的CPU时间 -     struct timespec time1,time2,temp_time;

          clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, &time1);

          long diff = 0;

          for(int y=0; y<n; y++) {

                for(int x=0; x<n; x++) {

                float v = 0.0f;

                 for(int i=0; i<n; i++)

                     v += a[y * n + i] * b[i * n + x];

                       c[y * n + x] = v;

                   }

            }
        clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, &time2);

        temp_time.tv_sec = time2.tv_sec - time1.tv_sec;

        temp_time.tv_nsec = time2.tv_nsec - time1.tv_nsec;

        diff = temp_time.tv_sec * 1000000000 + temp_time.tv_nsec; 

       printf("finished calculations using CPU in %ld ms \n", (double) diff/1000000); 

但是当我增加n的值时,时间值是负的。 代码打印n = 500的正确值,但它打印负值n = 700 任何帮助,将不胜感激。

这是完整的代码结构 -

void run(float A[], float B[], float C[], int nelements){
    struct timespec time1, time2, temp_time;

          clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, &time1);

          long diff = 0;

          for(int y=0; y<nelements; y++) {

                for(int x=0; x<nelements; x++) {

                float v = 0.0f;

                 for(int i=0; i<nelements; i++)

                     v += A[y * nelements + i] * B[i * nelements + x];

                       C[y * nelements + x] = v;

                   }

            }
        clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, &time2);

        temp_time.tv_sec = time2.tv_sec - time1.tv_sec;

        temp_time.tv_nsec = time2.tv_nsec - time1.tv_nsec;

        diff = temp_time.tv_sec * 1000000000 + temp_time.tv_nsec; 

       printf("finished calculations using CPU in %ld ms \n"(double) diff/1000000); 
}

这个函数abovr从不同的fil调用如下:

SIZE = 500;

a = (float*)malloc(SIZE * SIZE * sizeof(float));

b = (float*)malloc(SIZE * SIZE * sizeof(float));

c = (float*)malloc(SIZE * SIZE * sizeof(float));

//initialize a &b
run(&a[SIZE],&b[SIZE],&c[SIZE],SIZE);

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

对于unsigned long

看起来像溢出使用double或更好diff

答案 1 :(得分:0)

'tv_nsec'字段不应超过10 ^ 9(1000000000),原因显而易见:

if (time1.tv_nsec < time2.tv_nsec)
{
    int adj = (time2.tv_nsec - time1.tv_nsec) / (1000000000) + 1;

    time2.tv_nsec -= (1000000000) * adj;
    time2.tv_sec += adj;
}

if (time1.tv_nsec - time2.tv_nsec > (1000000000))
{
    int adj = (time1.tv_nsec - time2.tv_nsec) / (1000000000);

    time2.tv_nsec += (1000000000) * adj;
    time2.tv_sec -= adj;
}

temp_time.tv_sec = time1.tv_sec - time2.tv_sec;
temp_time.tv_nsec = time1.tv_nsec - time2.tv_nsec;

diff = temp_time.tv_sec * (1000000000) + temp_time.tv_nsec;

此代码可以简化,因为它不会对'tv_sec'字段的符号做出任何假设。大多数Linux系统头文件(和glibc?)都提供了宏来正确处理这种时间规格算法吗?

答案 2 :(得分:0)

可能的问题原因之一是printf格式用于长有符号整数值(%ld),但参数具有double类型。要解决此问题,必须在格式字符串中将%ld更改为%lf

答案 3 :(得分:0)

查看您的打印声明:

printf("finished calculations using CPU in %ld ms \n", (double) diff/1000000);

您传递的第二个参数是double,但您将此浮点值打印为long(%ld)。我怀疑这是你问题的一半。

这可能会产生更好的结果:

printf("finished calculations using CPU in %f ms \n", diff/1000000.0);

我也同意keety,你可能应该使用无符号类型或者你可以通过保持毫秒单位而不是纳秒来完全避免溢出问题。这就是我坚持使用64位无符号整数并保持在毫秒范围内的原因。

unsigned long long diffMilliseconds;

diffMilliseconds = (time2.tv_sec * 1000LL + time2.tv_nsec/1000000) - (time1.tv_sec * 1000LL + time1.tv_nsec/1000000);

printf("finished calculations using CPU in %llu ms \n", diffMilliseconds);