Question

在XP和Vista的Windows资源管理器中，当ListView处于“详细信息”模式时按列排序时，列的背景将突出显示以指示列正在排序。排序方向的箭头也显示在列标题中。在您自己的Windows窗体应用程序中实现这些效果的最佳实践是什么？

Answer 1

此方法模拟“Windows XP”样式的选择。 Vista和Win7使用ListViews的扩展功能，但是.NET中没有（但是？）。如果需要，可以使用Interop完成。

以下是如何做到这一点：

创建一个包含以下图像的ImageList：0：空，1：“向上”和2：“向下”
- 将此ImageList分配给ListView.SmallImageList属性
- 每次将项目添加到ListView中时，请确保其UseItemStyleForSubItems设置为“false”
- 将排序代码添加到您的应用程序，其中描述了here
- 在您刚刚添加的代码中，使用以下代码替换ColumnClick处理程序（此处的ListView实例称为“_List”）：
  
  void _List_ColumnClick（object sender，ColumnClickEventArgs e）{ _List.SuspendLayout（）; if（e.Column == lvwColumnSorter.SortColumn）{//先前排序的列将被翻转 if（lvwColumnSorter.Order == SortOrder.Ascending）{ lvwColumnSorter.Order = SortOrder.Descending; } else { lvwColumnSorter.Order = SortOrder.Ascending; } } else {//新列将被排序 _List.Columns [lvwColumnSorter.SortColumn] .ImageIndex = 0; foreach（_List.Items中的ListViewItem lvi）{ lvi.SubItems [lvwColumnSorter.SortColumn] .BackColor = SystemColors.Window; } lvwColumnSorter.SortColumn = e.Column; lvwColumnSorter.Order = SortOrder.Ascending; } _List.Sort（）; _List.Columns [e.Column] .ImageIndex = lvwColumnSorter.Order == SortOrder.Ascending？ 1：2; foreach（_List.Items中的ListViewItem lvi）{ lvi.SubItems [e.Column] .BackColor = SystemColors.Info; //这是用于跟踪的颜色 } _List.ResumeLayout（）; }

编辑：

以下是互操作方法：

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, uint message, UIntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);
    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, uint message, UIntPtr wParam, ref HDITEM lParam);

    public enum WM {
        LVM_FIRST = 0x1000,      // ListView messages
        // ...
        LVM_GETHEADER = LVM_FIRST + 31,
        // ...
        HDM_FIRST = 0x1200,      // Header messages
        // ...
        HDM_SETITEM = HDM_FIRST + 12,
        // ...
        HDM_SETFOCUSEDITEM = HDM_FIRST + 28,
    }
    public enum HDI {
        HDI_WIDTH = 0x0001,
        HDI_HEIGHT = HDI_WIDTH,
        HDI_TEXT = 0x0002,
        HDI_FORMAT = 0x0004,
        HDI_LPARAM = 0x0008,
        HDI_BITMAP = 0x0010,
        HDI_IMAGE = 0x0020,
        HDI_DI_SETITEM = 0x0040,
        HDI_ORDER = 0x0080,
        HDI_FILTER = 0x0100,
        HDI_STATE = 0x0200
    }
    public enum HDF {
        HDF_LEFT                = 0x0000,
        HDF_RIGHT               = 0x0001,
        HDF_CENTER              = 0x0002,
        HDF_JUSTIFYMASK         = 0x0003,
        HDF_RTLREADING          = 0x0004,
        HDF_BITMAP              = 0x2000,
        HDF_STRING              = 0x4000,
        HDF_OWNERDRAW           = 0x8000,
        HDF_IMAGE               = 0x0800,
        HDF_BITMAP_ON_RIGHT     = 0x1000,
        HDF_SORTUP              = 0x0400,
        HDF_SORTDOWN            = 0x0200,
        HDF_CHECKBOX            = 0x0040,
        HDF_CHECKED             = 0x0080,
        HDF_FIXEDWIDTH          = 0x0100,
        HDF_SPLITBUTTON      = 0x1000000
    }
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct HDITEM {
        public uint mask;
        public int cxy;
        public String pszText;
        public IntPtr hbm;
        public int cchTextMax;
        public int fmt;
        public IntPtr lParam;
        public int iImage;
        public int iOrder;
        public uint type;
        public IntPtr pvFilter; // this is void*
        public uint state;
    }


    void _List_ColumnClick(object sender, ColumnClickEventArgs e) {
        _List.SuspendLayout();
        HDITEM hdi = new HDITEM();
        hdi.mask = (uint)HDI.HDI_FORMAT;
        hdi.fmt = (int)HDF.HDF_STRING;
        IntPtr hHeader = (IntPtr)SendMessage(_List.Handle, (uint)WM.LVM_GETHEADER, (UIntPtr)0, (IntPtr)0);
        if (e.Column == lvwColumnSorter.SortColumn) { // the column previously sorted will be flipped
            if (lvwColumnSorter.Order == SortOrder.Ascending) {
                lvwColumnSorter.Order = SortOrder.Descending;
            } else {
                lvwColumnSorter.Order = SortOrder.Ascending;
            }
        } else {    // new column will be sorted
            SendMessage((IntPtr)hHeader, (uint)WM.HDM_SETITEM, (UIntPtr)lvwColumnSorter.SortColumn, ref hdi);
            foreach (ListViewItem lvi in _List.Items) {
                lvi.SubItems[lvwColumnSorter.SortColumn].BackColor = SystemColors.Window;
            }
            lvwColumnSorter.SortColumn = e.Column;
            lvwColumnSorter.Order = SortOrder.Ascending;
        }
        _List.Sort();
        hdi.fmt |= (lvwColumnSorter.Order == SortOrder.Ascending ? (int)HDF.HDF_SORTDOWN : (int)HDF.HDF_SORTUP);
        SendMessage((IntPtr)hHeader, (uint)WM.HDM_SETITEM, (UIntPtr)e.Column, ref hdi);
        foreach (ListViewItem lvi in _List.Items) {
            lvi.SubItems[e.Column].BackColor = SystemColors.Info; // this is the color used for tracking
        }
        _List.ResumeLayout();
    }

在ListView控件中可视地指示排序

1 个答案: