我的许多Backbone模型经常处理嵌套模型和集合,到目前为止,我手动使用defaults
,parse
和toJSON
的组合来实现嵌套:
ACME.Supplier = Backbone.Model.extend({
defaults: function() {
return {
contacts: new ACME.Contacts(),
tags: new ACME.Tags(),
attachments: new ACME.Attachments()
};
},
parse: function(res) {
if (res.contacts) res.contacts = new ACME.Contacts(res.contacts);
if (res.tags) res.tags = new ACME.Tags(res.tags);
if (res.attachments) res.attachments = new ACME.Attachments(res.attachments);
return res;
}
});
ACME.Tag = Backbone.Model.extend({
toJSON: function() {
return _.pick(this.attributes, 'id', 'name', 'type');
}
});
我看了几个插件,基本上和上面一样,但是控制和更多的样板很少,所以我想知道是否有人对这个常见的Backbone.js问题有更优雅的解决方案。
编辑:我最终采用了以下方法:
ACME.Supplier = Backbone.Model.extend({
initialize: function(options) {
this.tags = new ACME.Tags(options.tags);
},
parse: function(res) {
res.tags && this.tags.reset(res.tags);
return res;
}
});
ACME.Tag = Backbone.Model.extend({
toJSON: function() {
return _.pick(this.attributes, 'id', 'name', 'type');
}
});
值得注意的是,后来我发现你需要通过options
对象将嵌套的模型/集合数据从构造函数传递到嵌套模型的构造函数中。
答案 0 :(得分:8)
我认为你的做法没有任何问题。
恕我直言Model.parse()
方法如果为此:在特殊解析行为需要时被覆盖。
我唯一想改变的就是这样的事情:
if (res.tags) res.tags = new ACME.Tags(res.tags);
为此:
if (res.tags) this.tags.reset(res.tags);
由于您已经有ACME.Tags
集合的实例,我会重复使用它。
我也不喜欢defaults
实现,我习惯在Model.initialize()
中进行初始化,但我认为这是一个品味问题。
答案 1 :(得分:3)
我发现通过这种方法,供应商的toJSON功能将会过时,因此从它的重新组装回JSON状态可能是一个好主意,这是儿童的数据。
ACME.Supplier = Backbone.Model.extend({
initialize: function(options) {
this.tags = new ACME.Tags(options.tags);
},
parse: function(res) {
res.tags && this.tags.reset(res.tags);
return res;
},
toJSON: function({
return _.extend(
_.pick(this.attributes, 'id', 'attr1', 'attr2'), {
tags: this.tags.toJSON(),
});
})
});
答案 2 :(得分:2)
我们不想添加另一个框架来实现这一点,因此我们在基础模型类中将其抽象出来。 以下是您声明和使用它的方式(available as a gist):
// Declaration
window.app.viewer.Model.GallerySection = window.app.Model.BaseModel.extend({
nestedTypes: {
background: window.app.viewer.Model.Image,
images: window.app.viewer.Collection.MediaCollection
}
});
// Usage
var gallery = new window.app.viewer.Model.GallerySection({
background: { url: 'http://example.com/example.jpg' },
images: [
{ url: 'http://example.com/1.jpg' },
{ url: 'http://example.com/2.jpg' },
{ url: 'http://example.com/3.jpg' }
],
title: 'Wow'
}); // (fetch will work equally well)
console.log(gallery.get('background')); // window.app.viewer.Model.Image
console.log(gallery.get('images')); // window.app.viewer.Collection.MediaCollection
console.log(gallery.get('title')); // plain string
它与set
和toJSON
同样有效
这里是BaseModel
:
window.app.Model.BaseModel = Backbone.Model.extend({
constructor: function () {
if (this.nestedTypes) {
this.checkNestedTypes();
}
Backbone.Model.apply(this, arguments);
},
set: function (key, val, options) {
var attrs;
/* jshint -W116 */
/* jshint -W030 */
// Code below taken from Backbone 1.0 to allow different parameter styles
if (key == null) return this;
if (typeof key === 'object') {
attrs = key;
options = val;
} else {
(attrs = {})[key] = val;
}
options || (options = {});
// Code above taken from Backbone 1.0 to allow different parameter styles
/* jshint +W116 */
/* jshint +W030 */
// What we're trying to do here is to instantiate Backbone models and collections
// with types defined in this.nestedTypes, and use them instead of plain objects in attrs.
if (this.nestedTypes) {
attrs = this.mapAttributes(attrs, this.deserializeAttribute);
}
return Backbone.Model.prototype.set.call(this, attrs, options);
},
toJSON: function () {
var json = Backbone.Model.prototype.toJSON.apply(this, arguments);
if (this.nestedTypes) {
json = this.mapAttributes(json, this.serializeAttribute);
}
return json;
},
mapAttributes: function (attrs, transform) {
transform = _.bind(transform, this);
var result = {};
_.each(attrs, function (val, key) {
result[key] = transform(val, key);
}, this);
return result;
},
serializeAttribute: function (val, key) {
var NestedType = this.nestedTypes[key];
if (!NestedType) {
return val;
}
if (_.isNull(val) || _.isUndefined(val)) {
return val;
}
return val.toJSON();
},
deserializeAttribute: function (val, key) {
var NestedType = this.nestedTypes[key];
if (!NestedType) {
return val;
}
var isCollection = this.isTypeASubtypeOf(NestedType, Backbone.Collection),
child;
if (val instanceof Backbone.Model || val instanceof Backbone.Collection) {
child = val;
} else if (!isCollection && (_.isNull(val) || _.isUndefined(val))) {
child = null;
} else {
child = new NestedType(val);
}
var prevChild = this.get(key);
// Return existing model if it is equal to child's attributes
if (!isCollection && child && prevChild && _.isEqual(prevChild.attributes, child.attributes)) {
return prevChild;
}
return child;
},
isTypeASubtypeOf: function (DerivedType, BaseType) {
// Go up the tree, using Backbone's __super__.
// This is not exactly encouraged by the docs, but I found no other way.
if (_.isUndefined(DerivedType['__super__'])) {
return false;
}
var ParentType = DerivedType['__super__'].constructor;
if (ParentType === BaseType) {
return true;
}
return this.isTypeASubtypeOf(ParentType, BaseType);
},
checkNestedTypes: function () {
_.each(this.nestedTypes, function (val, key) {
if (!_.isFunction(val)) {
console.log('Not a function:', val);
throw new Error('Invalid nestedTypes declaration for key ' + key + ': expected a function');
}
});
},
}
答案 3 :(得分:0)
面对同样的问题,我做了类似的事情(下面的代码是TypeScript编译器的输出,所以它有点冗长):
var Model = (function (_super) {
__extends(Model, _super);
function Model() {
_super.apply(this, arguments);
}
Model.prototype.fieldToType = function () {
return {};
};
Model.prototype.parse = function (response, options) {
_.each(this.fieldToType(), function (type, field) {
if (response[field]) {
if (_.isArray(response[field])) {
response[field] = _.map(response[field], function (value) {
return new type(value, { parse: true });
});
} else {
response[field] = new type(response[field], { parse: true });
}
}
});
return _super.prototype.parse.call(this, response, options);
};
Model.prototype.toJSON = function () {
var j = _super.prototype.toJSON.call(this);
_.each(this.fieldToType(), function (type, field) {
if (j[field]) {
if (_.isArray(j[field])) {
j[field] = _.map(j[field], function (value) {
return value.toJSON();
});
} else {
j[field] = j[field].toJSON();
}
}
});
return j;
};
return Model;
})(Backbone.Model);
然后我可以简单地覆盖fieldToType方法来定义我的字段类型:
PendingAssignmentOffer.prototype.fieldToType = function () {
return {
'creator': User,
'task_templates': TaskTemplateModel,
'users': User,
'school_classes': SchoolClass
};
};