Question

如下所示，我可以通过给定的pid和vid获得连接到32位win7OS机器的usb com端口名称，但是当在x64中运行时它会卡在以下行中：

comports.Add((string)rk6.GetValue("PortName"));

这是我的代码

static List<string> ComPortNames(String VID, String PID)
    {
        String pattern = String.Format("^VID_{0}.PID_{1}", VID, PID);
        Regex _rx = new Regex(pattern, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
        List<string> comports = new List<string>();

        RegistryKey rk1 = Registry.LocalMachine;
        RegistryKey rk2 = rk1.OpenSubKey("SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Enum");

        foreach (String s3 in rk2.GetSubKeyNames())
        {

            RegistryKey rk3 = rk2.OpenSubKey(s3);
            foreach (String s in rk3.GetSubKeyNames())
            {
                if (_rx.Match(s).Success)
                {
                    RegistryKey rk4 = rk3.OpenSubKey(s);
                    foreach (String s2 in rk4.GetSubKeyNames())
                    {
                        RegistryKey rk5 = rk4.OpenSubKey(s2);
                        RegistryKey rk6 = rk5.OpenSubKey("Device Parameters");
                        comports.Add((string)rk6.GetValue("PortName"));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return comports;
    }

实际代码获取here，那么如何在x64中获取com端口名称，是否有任何建议？

Answer 1

通过阅读您的代码，我发现您在注册表中查看的当前路径不包含任何有关端口的信息。但我找到了一种通过做这个小改变来阅读它的方法：

    static List<string> ComPortNames(String VID, String PID)
    {
        String pattern = String.Format("^VID_{0}.PID_{1}", VID, PID);
        Regex _rx = new Regex(pattern, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
        List<string> comports = new List<string>();

        RegistryKey rk1 = Registry.LocalMachine;
        RegistryKey rk2 = rk1.OpenSubKey("SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Enum");

        foreach (String s3 in rk2.GetSubKeyNames())
        {

            RegistryKey rk3 = rk2.OpenSubKey(s3);
            foreach (String s in rk3.GetSubKeyNames())
            {
                if (_rx.Match(s).Success)
                {
                    RegistryKey rk4 = rk3.OpenSubKey(s);
                    foreach (String s2 in rk4.GetSubKeyNames())
                    {
                        RegistryKey rk5 = rk4.OpenSubKey(s2);
                        string location = (string)rk5.GetValue("LocationInformation");
                        if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(location))
                        {
                            string port = location.Substring(location.IndexOf('#') + 1, 4).TrimStart('0');
                            if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(port)) comports.Add(String.Format("COM{0:####}", port));
                        }
                        //RegistryKey rk6 = rk5.OpenSubKey("Device Parameters");
                        //comports.Add((string)rk6.GetValue("PortName"));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return comports;
    }

它确实完美无缺。顺便说一下，谢谢你的代码......它给了我很多帮助！

Answer 2

当我在Windows 10 x64下测试来自Youkko的答案时，我得到了一些奇怪的结果，并查看我的机器上的注册表LocationInformation键包含Port_#0002.Hub_#0003等字符串所以它们与设备连接的USB集线器/端口相关，而不是Windows分配的COM端口。

所以在我的情况下，我得到了COM2，这是我主板上的硬件端口，它跳过了我期待的COM5端口，但它位于PortName注册表项下。我不确定自从您使用的Windows版本以来是否有某些变化，但我认为您的主要问题可能是没有检查密钥上的空值。

以下稍微修改过的版本似乎可以在各种或Windows 7/10和x32 / 64系统上正常工作，我还添加了一个检查SerialPort.GetPortNames()以确保设备可用并插入返回之前的系统：

static List<string> ComPortNames(String VID, String PID)
{
    String pattern = String.Format("^VID_{0}.PID_{1}", VID, PID);
    Regex _rx = new Regex(pattern, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
    List<string> comports = new List<string>();

    RegistryKey rk1 = Registry.LocalMachine;
    RegistryKey rk2 = rk1.OpenSubKey("SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Enum");

    foreach (String s3 in rk2.GetSubKeyNames())
    {
        RegistryKey rk3 = rk2.OpenSubKey(s3);
        foreach (String s in rk3.GetSubKeyNames())
        {
            if (_rx.Match(s).Success)
            {
                RegistryKey rk4 = rk3.OpenSubKey(s);
                foreach (String s2 in rk4.GetSubKeyNames())
                {
                    RegistryKey rk5 = rk4.OpenSubKey(s2);
                    string location = (string)rk5.GetValue("LocationInformation");
                    RegistryKey rk6 = rk5.OpenSubKey("Device Parameters");
                    string portName = (string)rk6.GetValue("PortName");
                    if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(portName) && SerialPort.GetPortNames().Contains(portName))
                        comports.Add((string)rk6.GetValue("PortName"));
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return comports;
}

Answer 3

我认为ManagementObjectSearcher可能比直接阅读注册表更好。

这是虚拟COM端口的an example。

Answer 4

这是我对此的看法（即使它不是Q的直接A）

USB设备始终（并且始终）在HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\USB下进行枚举（最后请注意USB）
- 设备节点的格式为VID_xxxx&PID_xxxx*，其中xxxx为十六进制，最后可能会有一些额外的功能数据
- 每个设备节点都有一个基于序列号的子标识符节点或设备和功能的其他数据
- 标识符节点可以具有值"FriendlyName"，其中某些时候具有COM的parantheses，例如“虚拟串行端口（COM6）”
- 生成的路径：HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\USB\VID_xxxx&PID_xxxx*\*\Device Parameters\的值为"PortName"
目前可用的com端口由System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.GetPortNames()

OpenSubKey实施IDisposable，并且应该using或.Dispose()

using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.Win32;

public class UsbSerialPort
{
    public readonly string PortName;
    public readonly string DeviceId;
    public readonly string FriendlyName;

    private UsbSerialPort(string name, string id, string friendly)
    {
        PortName = name;
        DeviceId = id;
        FriendlyName = friendly;
    }

    private static IEnumerable<RegistryKey> GetSubKeys(RegistryKey key)
    {
        foreach (string keyName in key.GetSubKeyNames())
            using (var subKey = key.OpenSubKey(keyName))
                yield return subKey;
    }

    private static string GetName(RegistryKey key)
    {
        string name = key.Name;
        int idx;
        return (idx = name.LastIndexOf('\\')) == -1 ?
            name : name.Substring(idx + 1);
    }

    public static IEnumerable<UsbSerialPort> GetPorts()
    {
        var existingPorts = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
        using (var enumUsbKey = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\USB"))
        {
            if (enumUsbKey == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException("USB", "No enumerable USB devices found in registry");
            foreach (var devBaseKey in GetSubKeys(enumUsbKey))
            {
                foreach (var devFnKey in GetSubKeys(devBaseKey))
                {
                    string friendlyName =
                        (string) devFnKey.GetValue("FriendlyName") ??
                        (string) devFnKey.GetValue("DeviceDesc");
                    using (var devParamsKey = devFnKey.OpenSubKey("Device Parameters"))
                    {
                        string portName = (string) devParamsKey?.GetValue("PortName");
                        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(portName) &&
                            existingPorts.Contains(portName))
                            yield return new UsbSerialPort(portName, GetName(devBaseKey) + @"\" + GetName(devFnKey), friendlyName);
                    }
                }

            }
        }
    }

    public override string ToString()
    {
        return string.Format("{0} Friendly: {1} DeviceId: {2}", PortName, FriendlyName, DeviceId);
    }
}

Answer 5

好的，使用ManagementObjectSearcher（它提供COM端口索引和VID以及PID，如果它们存在）：

        List < List <string>> USBCOMlist = new List<List<string>>();
        try
        {
            ManagementObjectSearcher searcher =
                new ManagementObjectSearcher("root\\CIMV2",
                "SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity");

            foreach (ManagementObject queryObj in searcher.Get())
            {
                if (queryObj["Caption"].ToString().Contains("(COM"))
                {
                    List<string> DevInfo = new List<string>();

                    string Caption = queryObj["Caption"].ToString();
                    int CaptionIndex = Caption.IndexOf("(COM");
                    string CaptionInfo = Caption.Substring(CaptionIndex + 1).TrimEnd(')'); // make the trimming more correct                 

                    DevInfo.Add(CaptionInfo);

                    string deviceId = queryObj["deviceid"].ToString(); //"DeviceID"

                    int vidIndex = deviceId.IndexOf("VID_");
                    int pidIndex = deviceId.IndexOf("PID_");
                    string vid = "", pid = "";

                    if (vidIndex != -1 && pidIndex != -1)
                    {
                        string startingAtVid = deviceId.Substring(vidIndex + 4); // + 4 to remove "VID_"                    
                        vid = startingAtVid.Substring(0, 4); // vid is four characters long
                                                             //Console.WriteLine("VID: " + vid);
                        string startingAtPid = deviceId.Substring(pidIndex + 4); // + 4 to remove "PID_"                    
                        pid = startingAtPid.Substring(0, 4); // pid is four characters long
                    }

                    DevInfo.Add(vid);
                    DevInfo.Add(pid);

                    USBCOMlist.Add(DevInfo);
                }

            }
        }
        catch (ManagementException e)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(e.Message);
        }

使用VID和PID为连接到x64的USB设备识别COM端口

5 个答案: