我正在开发LOB应用程序,我需要多个对话框窗口(在一个窗口中显示所有内容不是一个选项/没有意义)。
我希望我的窗口有一个用户控件来定义一些样式等,并且可以有几个插槽来插入内容 - 例如,模态对话框窗口的模板会有一个内容插槽和按钮(这样用户就可以提供带有绑定ICommands的内容和一组按钮)。
我想要这样的东西(但这不起作用):
UserControl xaml:
<UserControl x:Class="TkMVVMContainersSample.Services.Common.GUI.DialogControl"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Background="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlBrushKey}}"
>
<DockPanel>
<DockPanel
LastChildFill="False"
HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
DockPanel.Dock="Bottom">
<ContentPresenter ContentSource="{Binding Buttons}"/>
</DockPanel>
<Border
Background="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.WindowBrushKey}}"
Padding="8"
>
<ContentPresenter ContentSource="{Binding Controls}"/>
</Border>
</DockPanel>
</UserControl>
这样的事情可能吗?我该如何告诉VS我的控件公开了两个内容占位符,以便我可以像这样使用它?
<Window ... DataContext="MyViewModel">
<gui:DialogControl>
<gui:DialogControl.Controls>
<!-- My dialog content - grid with textboxes etc...
inherits the Window's DC - DialogControl just passes it through -->
</gui:DialogControl.Controls>
<gui:DialogControl.Buttons>
<!-- My dialog's buttons with wiring, like
<Button Command="{Binding HelpCommand}">Help</Button>
<Button Command="{Binding CancelCommand}">Cancel</Button>
<Button Command="{Binding OKCommand}">OK</Button>
- they inherit DC from the Window, so the OKCommand binds to MyViewModel.OKCommand
-->
</gui:DialogControl.Buttons>
</gui:DialogControl>
</Window>
或许我可以将ControlTemplate用于窗口like here,但是又一次:Window只有一个内容插槽,因此它的模板只能有一个演示者,但我需要两个(如果在在这种情况下,它可能会与一个一起使用,还有其他用例会有几个内容插槽出现,只需考虑文章的模板 - 控件的用户将提供标题,(结构化)内容,作者姓名,图像。 ..)。
谢谢!
PS:如果我想并排按钮,我怎样才能将多个控件(按钮)放到StackPanel上? ListBox有ItemsSource,但StackPanel没有,并且它的Children属性是只读的 - 所以这不起作用(在usercontrol中):<StackPanel
Orientation="Horizontal"
Children="{Binding Buttons}"/>
编辑:我不想使用绑定,因为我想将一个DataContext(ViewModel)分配给一个整个窗口(等于View),然后从插入控件'slots'的按钮绑定它的命令 - 所以在层次结构中使用任何绑定都会破坏View的DC的继承。
至于从HeaderedContentControl继承的想法 - 是的,在这种情况下它会起作用,但如果我想要三个可替换的部分呢?如何创建自己的“HeaderedAndFooteredContentControl”(或者,如果我没有,我将如何实现HeaderedContentControl)?
EDIT2:好的,所以我的两个解决方案都不起作用 - 这就是原因: ContentPresenter从DataContext获取它的内容,但我需要对包含的元素进行绑定以链接到原始窗口'(UserControl的父逻辑树中)DataContext - 因为这样,当我嵌入绑定到ViewModel属性的文本框时,它没有绑定,因为继承链已经在控件中被破坏了!
似乎我需要保存父级的DataContext,并将其恢复到所有控件容器的子级,但是我没有得到逻辑树中的DataContext更改的任何事件。
EDIT3:我有一个解决方案!,删除了我以前的aswers。 请参阅我的回复。
答案 0 :(得分:31)
好的,我的解决方案完全没必要,以下是创建任何用户控件所需的唯一教程:
简而言之:
子类一些合适的类(或UIElement,如果不适合你) - 文件只是简单的* .cs,因为我们只定义行为,而不是控件的外观。
public class EnhancedItemsControl : ItemsControl
为'slots'添加依赖项属性(正常属性不够好,因为它只有有限的绑定支持)。酷炫的技巧:在VS中,写下propdp
并按Tab键展开片段:):
public object AlternativeContent
{
get { return (object)GetValue(AlternativeContentProperty); }
set { SetValue(AlternativeContentProperty, value); }
}
// Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for AlternativeContent. This enables animation, styling, binding, etc...
public static readonly DependencyProperty AlternativeContentProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("AlternativeContent" /*name of property*/, typeof(object) /*type of property*/, typeof(EnhancedItemsControl) /*type of 'owner' - our control's class*/, new UIPropertyMetadata(null) /*default value for property*/);
为设计师添加属性(因为您正在创建所谓的无外观控件),这样我们就知道我们需要在模板中使用名为PART_AlternativeContentPresenter的ContentPresenter
[TemplatePart(Name = "PART_AlternativeContentPresenter", Type = typeof(ContentPresenter))]
public class EnhancedItemsControl : ItemsControl
提供一个静态构造函数,告诉WPF样式系统我们的类(没有它,不会应用以我们的新类型为目标的样式/模板):
static EnhancedItemsControl()
{
DefaultStyleKeyProperty.OverrideMetadata(
typeof(EnhancedItemsControl),
new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(typeof(EnhancedItemsControl)));
}
如果您想从模板中对ContentPresenter执行某些操作,可以通过重写OnApplyTemplate方法来执行此操作:
//remember that this may be called multiple times if user switches themes/templates!
public override void OnApplyTemplate()
{
base.OnApplyTemplate(); //always do this
//Obtain the content presenter:
contentPresenter = base.GetTemplateChild("PART_AlternativeContentPresenter") as ContentPresenter;
if (contentPresenter != null)
{
// now we know that we are lucky - designer didn't forget to put a ContentPresenter called PART_AlternativeContentPresenter into the template
// do stuff here...
}
}
提供默认模板:始终在ProjectFolder / Themes / Generic.xaml中(我的独立项目包含所有自定义通用的wpf控件,然后从其他解决方案中引用)。这只是系统将为您的控件查找模板的地方,因此在此处为项目中的所有控件添加默认模板:
在此片段中,我定义了一个新的ContentPresenter,它显示了AlternativeContent
附加属性的值。注意语法 - 我也可以使用
Content="{Binding AlternativeContent, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type WPFControls:EnhancedItemsControl}}}"
或Content="{TemplateBinding AlternativeContent}"
,但如果您在模板中定义模板(例如ItemPresenters的样式设置所必需),前者将起作用。
<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:WPFControls="clr-namespace:MyApp.WPFControls"
>
<!--EnhancedItemsControl-->
<Style TargetType="{x:Type WPFControls:EnhancedItemsControl}">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type WPFControls:EnhancedItemsControl}">
<ContentPresenter
Name="PART_AlternativeContentPresenter"
Content="{Binding AlternativeContent, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type WPFControls:EnhancedItemsControl}}}"
DataContext="{Binding DataContext, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type WPFControls:EnhancedItemsControl}}}"
/>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</ResourceDictionary>
Voila,您刚刚制作了第一个无形的UserControl(为更多'内容插槽'添加了更多内容提供者和依赖属性)。
答案 1 :(得分:4)
Hasta la victoria siempre!
我带来了工作解决方案(首先在互联网上,在我看来:))
棘手的DialogControl.xaml.cs - 见评论:
public partial class DialogControl : UserControl
{
public DialogControl()
{
InitializeComponent();
//The Logical tree detour:
// - we want grandchildren to inherit DC from this (grandchildren.DC = this.DC),
// but the children should have different DC (children.DC = this),
// so that children can bind on this.Properties, but grandchildren bind on this.DataContext
this.InnerWrapper.DataContext = this;
this.DataContextChanged += DialogControl_DataContextChanged;
// need to reinitialize, because otherwise we will get static collection with all buttons from all calls
this.Buttons = new ObservableCollection<FrameworkElement>();
}
void DialogControl_DataContextChanged(object sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
/* //Heading is ours, we want it to inherit this, so no detour
if ((this.GetValue(HeadingProperty)) != null)
this.HeadingContainer.DataContext = e.NewValue;
*/
//pass it on to children of containers: detours
if ((this.GetValue(ControlProperty)) != null)
((FrameworkElement)this.GetValue(ControlProperty)).DataContext = e.NewValue;
if ((this.GetValue(ButtonProperty)) != null)
{
foreach (var control in ((ObservableCollection<FrameworkElement>) this.GetValue(ButtonProperty)))
{
control.DataContext = e.NewValue;
}
}
}
public FrameworkElement Control
{
get { return (FrameworkElement)this.GetValue(ControlProperty); }
set { this.SetValue(ControlProperty, value); }
}
public ObservableCollection<FrameworkElement> Buttons
{
get { return (ObservableCollection<FrameworkElement>)this.GetValue(ButtonProperty); }
set { this.SetValue(ButtonProperty, value); }
}
public string Heading
{
get { return (string)this.GetValue(HeadingProperty); }
set { this.SetValue(HeadingProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty ControlProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("Control", typeof(FrameworkElement), typeof(DialogControl));
public static readonly DependencyProperty ButtonProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register(
"Buttons",
typeof(ObservableCollection<FrameworkElement>),
typeof(DialogControl),
//we need to initialize this for the designer to work correctly!
new PropertyMetadata(new ObservableCollection<FrameworkElement>()));
public static readonly DependencyProperty HeadingProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("Heading", typeof(string), typeof(DialogControl));
}
DialogControl.xaml(无变化):
<UserControl x:Class="TkMVVMContainersSample.Views.Common.DialogControl"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Background="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlBrushKey}}"
>
<DockPanel x:Name="InnerWrapper">
<DockPanel
LastChildFill="False"
HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
DockPanel.Dock="Bottom">
<ItemsControl
x:Name="ButtonsContainer"
ItemsSource="{Binding Buttons}"
DockPanel.Dock="Right"
>
<ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<Border Padding="8">
<ContentPresenter Content="{TemplateBinding Content}" />
</Border>
</DataTemplate>
</ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
<ItemsControl.ItemsPanel>
<ItemsPanelTemplate>
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Margin="8">
</StackPanel>
</ItemsPanelTemplate>
</ItemsControl.ItemsPanel>
</ItemsControl>
</DockPanel>
<Border
Background="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.WindowBrushKey}}"
Padding="8,0,8,8"
>
<StackPanel>
<Label
x:Name="HeadingContainer"
Content="{Binding Heading}"
FontSize="20"
Margin="0,0,0,8" />
<ContentPresenter
x:Name="ControlContainer"
Content="{Binding Control}"
/>
</StackPanel>
</Border>
</DockPanel>
</UserControl>
样本用法:
<Window x:Class="TkMVVMContainersSample.Services.TaskEditDialog.ItemEditView"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:Common="clr-namespace:TkMVVMContainersSample.Views.Common"
Title="ItemEditView"
>
<Common:DialogControl>
<Common:DialogControl.Heading>
Edit item
</Common:DialogControl.Heading>
<Common:DialogControl.Control>
<!-- Concrete dialog's content goes here -->
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Label Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0">Name</Label>
<TextBox Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" MinWidth="160" TabIndex="1" Text="{Binding Name}"></TextBox>
<Label Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0">Phone</Label>
<TextBox Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" MinWidth="160" TabIndex="2" Text="{Binding Phone}"></TextBox>
</Grid>
</Common:DialogControl.Control>
<Common:DialogControl.Buttons>
<!-- Concrete dialog's buttons go here -->
<Button Width="80" TabIndex="100" IsDefault="True" Command="{Binding OKCommand}">OK</Button>
<Button Width="80" TabIndex="101" IsCancel="True" Command="{Binding CancelCommand}">Cancel</Button>
</Common:DialogControl.Buttons>
</Common:DialogControl>
</Window>
答案 2 :(得分:2)
如果您使用的是UserControl
我猜你真的想要:
<ContentPresenter Content="{Binding Buttons}"/>
这假定传递给控件的DataContext具有Buttons属性。
使用ControlTemplate
另一个选项是ControlTemplate,然后您可以使用:
<ContentPresenter ContentSource="Header"/>
你需要模仿一个实际上有'Header'的控件来执行此操作(通常是HeaderedContentControl)。