我想解析一些句子,其中一些字符串可能没有引用,引用'或"引用"。下面的代码几乎可以工作 - 但它无法匹配收尾报价。我猜测这是因为qq引用。修改在代码中被注释,修改引用"引用'或者'引用"解析并帮助显示原始问题与结束报价。该代码还描述了确切的语法。
要完全清楚:不带引号的字符串解析。引用的字符串'hello'
将解析开放引用'
,所有字符hello
,但无法解析最终引用'
。
我做了另一次尝试,类似于boost tutorials中的开始/结束标记匹配,但没有成功。
template <typename Iterator>
struct test_parser : qi::grammar<Iterator, dectest::Test(), ascii::space_type>
{
test_parser()
:
test_parser::base_type(test, "test")
{
using qi::fail;
using qi::on_error;
using qi::lit;
using qi::lexeme;
using ascii::char_;
using qi::repeat;
using namespace qi::labels;
using boost::phoenix::construct;
using boost::phoenix::at_c;
using boost::phoenix::push_back;
using boost::phoenix::val;
using boost::phoenix::ref;
using qi::space;
char qq;
arrow = lit("->");
open_quote = (char_('\'') | char_('"')) [ref(qq) = _1]; // Remember what the opening quote was
close_quote = lit(val(qq)); // Close must match the open
// close_quote = (char_('\'') | char_('"')); // Enable this line to get code 'almost' working
quoted_string =
open_quote
>> +ascii::alnum
>> close_quote;
unquoted_string %= +ascii::alnum;
any_string %= (quoted_string | unquoted_string);
test =
unquoted_string [at_c<0>(_val) = _1]
> unquoted_string [at_c<1>(_val) = _1]
> repeat(1,3)[any_string] [at_c<2>(_val) = _1]
> arrow
> any_string [at_c<3>(_val) = _1]
;
// .. <snip>set rule names
on_error<fail>(/* <snip> */);
// debug rules
}
qi::rule<Iterator> arrow;
qi::rule<Iterator> open_quote;
qi::rule<Iterator> close_quote;
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> quoted_string;
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> unquoted_string;
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string()> any_string; // A quoted or unquoted string
qi::rule<Iterator, dectest::Test(), ascii::space_type> test;
};
// main()
// This example should fail at the very end
// (ie not parse "str3' because of the mismatched quote
// However, it fails to parse the closing quote of str1
typedef boost::tuple<string, string, vector<string>, string> DataT;
DataT data;
std::string str("addx001 add 'str1' \"str2\" -> \"str3'");
std::string::const_iterator iter = str.begin();
const std::string::const_iterator end = str.end();
bool r = phrase_parse(iter, end, grammar, boost::spirit::ascii::space, data);
对于奖励积分:首选避免使用本地数据成员的解决方案(例如上面示例中的char qq
),但从实际角度来看,我会使用任何可行的!
答案 0 :(得分:12)
qq
的引用在离开构造函数后变得悬空,所以这确实是一个问题。
qi::locals
是将本地状态保留在解析器表达式中的规范方法。你的另一个选择是延长qq
的生命周期(通过使它成为语法类的成员,例如)。最后,您可能也对 inherited attributes
感兴趣。这种机制为您提供了一种使用'parameters'调用规则/语法的方法(传递本地状态)。
<子> 子>
注意使用kleene运算符
+
时有一些警告:它是贪婪的,如果字符串没有以预期的引号终止,则解析失败。请参阅我编写的另一个答案,以获得更多完整的示例,处理(可选/部分)引用字符串中的任意内容,允许在引用的字符串中转义引号以及更多类似的内容:
我已将语法缩减为相关位,并包含一些测试用例:
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/adapted.hpp>
namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;
template <typename Iterator>
struct test_parser : qi::grammar<Iterator, std::string(), qi::space_type, qi::locals<char> >
{
test_parser() : test_parser::base_type(any_string, "test")
{
using namespace qi;
quoted_string =
omit [ char_("'\"") [_a =_1] ]
>> no_skip [ *(char_ - char_(_a)) ]
>> lit(_a)
;
any_string = quoted_string | +qi::alnum;
}
qi::rule<Iterator, std::string(), qi::space_type, qi::locals<char> > quoted_string, any_string;
};
int main()
{
test_parser<std::string::const_iterator> grammar;
const char* strs[] = { "\"str1\"",
"'str2'",
"'str3' trailing ok",
"'st\"r4' embedded also ok",
"str5",
"str6'",
NULL };
for (const char** it = strs; *it; ++it)
{
const std::string str(*it);
std::string::const_iterator iter = str.begin();
std::string::const_iterator end = str.end();
std::string data;
bool r = phrase_parse(iter, end, grammar, qi::space, data);
if (r)
std::cout << "Parsed: " << str << " --> " << data << "\n";
if (iter!=end)
std::cout << "Remaining: " << std::string(iter,end) << "\n";
}
}
输出:
Parsed: "str1" --> str1
Parsed: 'str2' --> str2
Parsed: 'str3' trailing ok --> str3
Remaining: trailing ok
Parsed: 'st"r4' embedded also ok --> st"r4
Remaining: embedded also ok
Parsed: str5 --> str5
Parsed: str6' --> str6
Remaining: '