负整数隐式转换为无符号类型

时间:2012-04-23 08:33:36

标签: c gcc enums bit-fields

如何为以下内容设置/取消设置枚举值。使用gcc,我收到了这个恼人的警告:

test.c:37: warning: negative integer implicitly converted to unsigned type
test.c:39: warning: negative integer implicitly converted to unsigned type
test.c:41: warning: negative integer implicitly converted to unsigned type
test.c:43: warning: negative integer implicitly converted to unsigned type

代码是:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef enum {
 ONE = 0x1,
 TWO = 0x2,
 THREE = 0x4,
 FOUR = 0x8,
} options;

static const char *byte_to_binary (int x)
{
  int z;
  static char b[9];
  b[0] = '\0';

  for (z = 256; z > 0; z >>= 1)
    {
    strcat(b, ((x & z) == z) ? "1" : "0");
    }

  return b;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  options o = 0;
  printf( "%s\n", byte_to_binary(o));
  o |= ONE;
  printf( "%s\n", byte_to_binary(o));
  o |= TWO;
  printf( "%s\n", byte_to_binary(o));
  o |= THREE;
  printf( "%s\n", byte_to_binary(o));
  o |= FOUR;
  printf( "%s\n", byte_to_binary(o));
  o &= ~FOUR;
  printf( "%s\n", byte_to_binary(o));
  o &= ~THREE;
  printf( "%s\n", byte_to_binary(o));
  o &= ~TWO;
  printf( "%s\n", byte_to_binary(o));
  o &= ~ONE;
  printf( "%s\n", byte_to_binary(o));

  return 0;
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:6)

由于你的枚举不包含任何负整数常量,我猜GCC已经为你的枚举提供了unsigned int类型。现在像

这样的表达式
o &= ~FOUR

相当于

o = o & ~FOUR

在RHS上,o是unsigned int,~FOUR是signed int,按类型转换规则,signed int将转换为unsigned int。另外~FOUR是一个负数,因此您会收到一个警告,将负数隐式转换为无符号类型。

如果你确定自己的逻辑,你不必担心警告,或者你可以通过假一个enum等于负数来将你的枚举转换为签名。

这样的东西
typedef enum {
 DUMMY =-1,
 ONE = 0x1,
 TWO = 0x2,
 THREE = 0x4,
 FOUR = 0x8,
} options;

此外,您的代码具有运行时buffer overflow problems。在函数byte_to_binary中,您正在检查9位,但您的缓冲区也是9个字节。它必须是10个字节,一个用于终止空值。将其static char b[10];和所有内容works fine