假设查询如:
SELECT * FROM tableA;
如何将a_
添加到每个列的名称中?例如,如果有一个列“username”,它将在结果中作为“a_username”访问。
编辑 SELECT username AS a_username
格式无效,因为我需要继续使用*
字段选择。与JOIN中另一个表的返回列存在JOIN和潜在冲突。我将迭代返回的列(foreach)并且只想将来自特定表(其模式可能更改)的列输出到HTML输入字段,其中站点管理员可以直接编辑字段的内容。有问题的SQL查询看起来像SELECT firstTable.*, anotherTable.someField, anotherTable.someOtherField
,并且它们存在firstTable中存在someField或someOtherField的可能性。
感谢。
答案 0 :(得分:10)
您可以使用INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS表来表示查询,然后使用动态SQL来执行它。
首先让我们创建一个名为dotancohen
的示例数据库和一个名为mytable
的表
mysql> drop database if exists dotancohen;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> create database dotancohen;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use dotancohen
Database changed
mysql> create table mytable
-> (
-> id int not null auto_increment,
-> username varchar(30),
-> realname varchar(30),
-> primary key (id)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> insert into mytable (realname,username) values
-> ('rolando','odnalor'),('pamela','alemap'),
-> ('dominique','euqinimod'),('diamond','dnomaid');
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.05 sec)
Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from mytable;
+----+-----------+-----------+
| id | username | realname |
+----+-----------+-----------+
| 1 | odnalor | rolando |
| 2 | alemap | pamela |
| 3 | euqinimod | dominique |
| 4 | dnomaid | diamond |
+----+-----------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
这是名为INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS的元数据表:
mysql> desc INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS;
+--------------------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------------------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| TABLE_CATALOG | varchar(512) | NO | | | |
| TABLE_SCHEMA | varchar(64) | NO | | | |
| TABLE_NAME | varchar(64) | NO | | | |
| COLUMN_NAME | varchar(64) | NO | | | |
| ORDINAL_POSITION | bigint(21) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| COLUMN_DEFAULT | longtext | YES | | NULL | |
| IS_NULLABLE | varchar(3) | NO | | | |
| DATA_TYPE | varchar(64) | NO | | | |
| CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH | bigint(21) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| CHARACTER_OCTET_LENGTH | bigint(21) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| NUMERIC_PRECISION | bigint(21) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| NUMERIC_SCALE | bigint(21) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| CHARACTER_SET_NAME | varchar(32) | YES | | NULL | |
| COLLATION_NAME | varchar(32) | YES | | NULL | |
| COLUMN_TYPE | longtext | NO | | NULL | |
| COLUMN_KEY | varchar(3) | NO | | | |
| EXTRA | varchar(27) | NO | | | |
| PRIVILEGES | varchar(80) | NO | | | |
| COLUMN_COMMENT | varchar(1024) | NO | | | |
+--------------------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
19 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql>
您需要从此表中获得以下列:
您要求的是将column_name和column_name作为前缀a_
以下是查询以及如何执行它:
select concat('select ',column_list,' from ',dbtb) into @newsql
from (select group_concat(concat(column_name,' a_',column_name)) column_list,
concat(table_schema,'.',table_name) dbtb from information_schema.columns
where table_schema = 'dotancohen' and table_name = 'mytable'
order by ordinal_position) A;
select @newsql;
prepare stmt from @newsql;
execute stmt;
deallocate prepare stmt;
让我们执行它
mysql> select concat('select ',column_list,' from ',dbtb) into @newsql
-> from (select group_concat(concat(column_name,' a_',column_name)) column_list,
-> concat(table_schema,'.',table_name) dbtb from information_schema.columns
-> where table_schema = 'dotancohen' and table_name = 'mytable'
-> order by ordinal_position) A;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select @newsql;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| @newsql |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| select id a_id,username a_username,realname a_realname from dotancohen.mytable |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> prepare stmt from @newsql;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Statement prepared
mysql> execute stmt;
+------+------------+------------+
| a_id | a_username | a_realname |
+------+------------+------------+
| 1 | odnalor | rolando |
| 2 | alemap | pamela |
| 3 | euqinimod | dominique |
| 4 | dnomaid | diamond |
+------+------------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> deallocate prepare stmt;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
试一试!!!
您在问题中提到:SELECT用户名AS a_username格式无效,因为我需要继续使用*字段选择。
要实现我的建议,您需要做的就是使用tableA运行查询,如下所示:
select concat('select ',column_list,' from ',dbtb) into @newsql
from (select group_concat(concat(column_name,' a_',column_name)) column_list,
concat(table_schema,'.',table_name) dbtb from information_schema.columns
where table_schema = DATABASE() and table_name = 'tableA'
order by ordinal_position) A;
检索该查询结果时,只需将其用作提交到mysql_query的查询。
答案 1 :(得分:3)
您需要列出列,例如
SELECT username AS a_username FROM tableA;
或者,后端的后处理,例如,更改代码中的数组键
答案 2 :(得分:2)
使用重命名的列创建视图,例如 -
CREATE VIEW a_view AS SELECT username AS a_username FROM table;
然后参考这个观点。
答案 3 :(得分:1)
如前所述,在常规查询中没有标准的方法来对列名称进行批量添加。
但是如果你真的想要实现它,你可以编写一个存储过程来查询information_schema以获取表中的列列表,然后逐个添加前缀。之后,可以将查询连接为字符串PREPARE
和EXECUTE
。
这种方法的缺点是您无法加入存储过程的结果。但是,当然,您也可以为您发出的每种查询创建存储过程。然后,可以将任何表的字段前缀作为单独的通用FUNCTION
。
然而,所有这些东西听起来像是一种矫枉过正。我建议重命名实际的列,以便它们始终带有前缀,或者只是列出所有带有AS
别名的结果字段,如Scibuff和Alister建议的那样。
答案 4 :(得分:0)
我不相信它可以自动对所有列进行,但您可以使用AS
SELECT id AS a_id,
name AS a_name,
email AS a_email /*, etc....*/
FROM tableA;
我只是为了更清晰而插入换行符。