Question

我一直在研究一个类，它很大而且很丑，并希望将每个位分成它自己的cpp / .h文件。

我无法解决如何做到这一点......

我知道你把这个类放在.h和.cpp中的实现中...但是我无法让它运行，它在单个文件中运行良好。

Answer 1

确保你不要忘记：

#include "HeaderFile.h"

在cpp文件中，其中“HeaderFile.h”是“.h”文件的名称，该文件包含要在cpp文件中使用的类的定义。

如果您的文件“MapFrames.h”包含：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
using namespace std;

class MapFrames{
public:
    char frame[11];
    vector<short> cols;
    vector<short> rows;
    MapFrames (short a, short b);
};

然后cpp文件“MapFrames.cpp”应该包含：

#include "MapFrames.h"

MapFrames::MapFrames (short a, short b){
    // Construct a vector "rows" of a certain user defined size
    rows.resize(a);
    // Construct a vector "cols" of a certain user defined size
    cols.resize(b);
    //Construct Frames
    frame[0]=201; // Top LC
    frame[1]=205; // Horizontal
    frame[2]=187; // Top RC
    frame[3]=186; // Vertical
    frame[4]=200; // Bottom LC
    frame[5]=188; // Bottom RC

    //Construct Icons
    frame[6]=219;  // ICON: Hidden Locations 
    frame[7]=177;  // ICON: Spy Location: Nothing Found
    frame[8]=2;    // ICON: Spy Location: City Found
    frame[9]=127;  // ICON: Miss
    frame[10]=15;  // ICON: Destroyed City
}

杰拉德

Answer 2

以下编译并运行（虽然您可能会查看一些编译器警告）：

file.h：

#ifndef FILE_H
#define FILE_H

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

using namespace std;

class MapFrames{
public:
        char frame[11];
        vector<short> cols;
        vector<short> rows;
        MapFrames (short a, short b);
};

class Cities : public MapFrames{
public:
        //Cords Holds map data. 0 = Unknown, 1 = City Location, 2 = Hit, 3 = Miss, 4 = Spy: Hit Nothing, 5 = Spy: Hit City
            vector<short>P1cords;
            vector<short>P2cords;
        Cities (short a, short b);
};

class PrintFuncs : public Cities{
public:
        PrintFuncs(short a, short b);
        void PrintTop();
        void PrintMid();
        void PrintBot();
        void PrintCords();
        void PrintGrid();
};

class GameBoard : PrintFuncs{
public:
        GameBoard (short a, short b);
        void display();
};

#endif

file.cpp：

#include "file.h"

MapFrames::MapFrames (short a, short b){
        // Construct a vector "rows" of a certain user defined size
        rows.resize(a);
        // Construct a vector "cols" of a certain user defined size
        cols.resize(b);
        //Construct Frames
        frame[0]=201; // Top LC
        frame[1]=205; // Horizontal
        frame[2]=187; // Top RC
        frame[3]=186; // Vertical
        frame[4]=200; // Bottom LC
        frame[5]=188; // Bottom RC

        //Construct Icons
        frame[6]=219;  // ICON: Hidden Locations 
        frame[7]=177;  // ICON: Spy Location: Nothing Found
        frame[8]=2;    // ICON: Spy Location: City Found
        frame[9]=127;  // ICON: Miss
        frame[10]=15;  // ICON: Destroyed City
}

Cities::Cities (short a, short b) : MapFrames (a,b){
    //Player 1 (LEFT)
        //Resize Vector to number of elements in map
        P1cords.resize(a*b);
        //set 1st 33% of elements (rounded up) to 1.
        for (int i=0; i<ceil((33/100.f)*(a*b)); i++){
                P1cords[i] = 1;
        }
        //Shuffle cords for random city locations.
        random_shuffle ( P1cords.begin(), P1cords.end() );

//Player 2 (RIGHT)
        //Resize Vector to number of elements in map
        P2cords.resize(a*b);
        //set 1st 33% of elements (rounded up) to 1.
        for (int i=0; i<ceil((33/100.f)*(a*b)); i++){
                P2cords[i] = 1;
        }
        //Shuffle cords for random city locations.
        random_shuffle ( P2cords.begin(), P2cords.end() );
}

PrintFuncs::PrintFuncs(short a, short b) : Cities (a,b){
}
void PrintFuncs::PrintTop(){
        cout<<frame[0]<<frame[1]<<frame[1]<<frame[1]<<frame[2];
}
void PrintFuncs::PrintMid(){
        cout<<frame[3]<<" "<<frame[6]<<" "<<frame[3];
}
void PrintFuncs::PrintBot(){
        cout<<frame[4]<<frame[1]<<frame[1]<<frame[1]<<frame[5];
}
void PrintFuncs::PrintCords(){
        cout<<"    ";
        for (int i=0; i<cols.size(); ++i){
                cout<<"  "<<i<<"  ";
        }
        cout<<"   ";
        for (int i=0; i<cols.size(); ++i){
                if (i+cols.size()<10){
                        cout<<"  "<<i+cols.size()<<"  ";}
                if (i+cols.size()>9){
                        cout<<"  "<<i+cols.size()<<" ";}
        }
        cout<<"\n";
}

void PrintFuncs::PrintGrid(){
        for (int j=0; j<rows.size(); ++j){
                //Print TopRow  
                cout<<"    ";
                for (int i=0; i<cols.size(); ++i){
                        PrintTop();
                }
                cout<<"   ";
                for (int i=0; i<cols.size(); ++i){
                        PrintTop();
                }
                cout<<"\n";
                //Print Middle Row
                cout<<"  "<<j<<" ";
                for (int i=0; i<cols.size(); ++i){
                        PrintMid();
                }
                cout<<"   ";
                for (int i=0; i<cols.size(); ++i){
                        PrintMid();
                }
                cout<<"\n";
                //Print Bottom Row
                cout<<"    ";
                for (int i=0; i<cols.size(); ++i){
                        PrintBot();
                }
                cout<<"   ";
                for (int i=0; i<cols.size(); ++i){
                        PrintBot();
                }
                cout<<"\n";
        }
}

GameBoard::GameBoard(short a, short b) : PrintFuncs (a,b){}
void GameBoard::display(){
        PrintCords();
        PrintGrid();
}

int main (){

        short rows = 0;short cols = 0;
        cout<<"Enter a value for ROWS - between 2-6: ";cin>>rows;
        cout<<"Enter a value for COLS - between 2-7: ";cin>>cols;
        cout<<endl<<endl;

//      short rows = 5;short cols = 5;
        GameBoard map(rows, cols);
        map.display();

        // End  
        std::cout<<std::endl<<std::endl<<std::endl<<"Please Close Console Window"<<std::endl;
        std::cin.ignore('\n', 1024);
        return(0);
}

总结：包含，名称空间使用和类声明到头文件中，以及源文件中的定义。在源文件的顶部包含头文件。＃ifndef，＃define和#endif确保头文件只能包含一次，以防您需要其他文件中的声明。此外，正如另一个答案所建议的那样，将每个类放入其自己的头/源文件集中会更简洁。这将带来额外的好处，您不必担心列出类声明的顺序：使用单文件方法，每个类都需要在使用之前声明。在您的情况下，这意味着基类的每个声明都需要出现在继承类声明之前。

Answer 3

将“class”放入.h，每个班级（界面）最多一个

class MapFrames{
public:
    char frame[11];
    vector<short> cols;
    vector<short> rows;
    MapFrames (short a, short b);
};

把... :: ...放到.cpp（实现）

MapFrames::MapFrames (short a, short b){
    // Construct a vector "rows" of 
...

如何将具有继承的类拆分为不同的.h / .cpp文件？

3 个答案: