Question

我从某个Excel文件导入了数据，并将其保存到datatable。现在，我想将此信息保存在SQL Server数据库中。

我在网上看到了很多信息，但我无法理解：

有人说逐行插入另一个建议批量更新......等等：更好的是什么？
我应该使用OLE或SQL Server个对象（例如dataAdapter还是connection）？

我需要从他的Excel文件中读取员工每周工时报告，并将其保存到保存所有报告的数据库表中（每周更新数据库的新记录）。

Excel文件仅包含当前周的报告。

Answer 1

在数据库中创建User-Defined TableType：

CREATE TYPE [dbo].[MyTableType] AS TABLE(
    [Id] int NOT NULL,
    [Name] [nvarchar](128) NULL
)

并在Stored Procedure中定义参数：

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[InsertTable]
    @myTableType MyTableType readonly
AS
BEGIN
    insert into [dbo].Records select * from @myTableType 
END

并将DataTable直接发送到sql server：

using (var command = new SqlCommand("InsertTable") {CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure})
{
    var dt = new DataTable(); //create your own data table
    command.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@myTableType", dt));
    SqlHelper.Exec(command);
}

要编辑存储过程中的值，可以声明具有相同类型的局部变量并将输入表插入其中：

DECLARE @modifiableTableType MyTableType 
INSERT INTO @modifiableTableType SELECT * FROM @myTableType

然后，您可以修改@modifiableTableType：

UPDATE @modifiableTableType SET [Name] = 'new value'

Answer 2

如果这是您第一次保存数据表

这样做（使用批量复制）。确保没有PK / FK约束

SqlBulkCopy bulkcopy = new SqlBulkCopy(myConnection);
//I assume you have created the table previously
//Someone else here already showed how  
bulkcopy.DestinationTableName = table.TableName;
try                             
{                                 
    bulkcopy.WriteToServer(table);                            
}     
    catch(Exception e)
{
    messagebox.show(e.message);
}

现在你已经拥有了基本记录。而你只想查看现有记录的新记录。你可以这么做。

这将基本上从数据库中获取现有表

DataTable Table = new DataTable();

SqlConnection Connection = new SqlConnection("ConnectionString");
//I assume you know better what is your connection string

SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter("Select * from " + TableName, Connection);

adapter.Fill(Table);

然后将此表传递给此函数

public DataTable CompareDataTables(DataTable first, DataTable second)
{
    first.TableName = "FirstTable";
    second.TableName = "SecondTable";

    DataTable table = new DataTable("Difference");

    try
    {
        using (DataSet ds = new DataSet())
        {
            ds.Tables.AddRange(new DataTable[] { first.Copy(), second.Copy() });

            DataColumn[] firstcolumns = new DataColumn[ds.Tables[0].Columns.Count];

            for (int i = 0; i < firstcolumns.Length; i++)
            {
                firstcolumns[i] = ds.Tables[0].Columns[i];
            }

            DataColumn[] secondcolumns = new DataColumn[ds.Table[1].Columns.Count];

            for (int i = 0; i < secondcolumns.Length; i++)
            {
                secondcolumns[i] = ds.Tables[1].Columns[i];
            }

            DataRelation r = new DataRelation(string.Empty, firstcolumns, secondcolumns, false);

            ds.Relations.Add(r);

            for (int i = 0; i < first.Columns.Count; i++)
            {
                table.Columns.Add(first.Columns[i].ColumnName, first.Columns[i].DataType);
            }

            table.BeginLoadData();

            foreach (DataRow parentrow in ds.Tables[0].Rows)
            {
                DataRow[] childrows = parentrow.GetChildRows(r);
                if (childrows == null || childrows.Length == 0)
                    table.LoadDataRow(parentrow.ItemArray, true);
            }

            table.EndLoadData();

        }
    }

    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        throw ex;
    }

    return table;
}

这将返回一个新的DataTable，其中更改的行已更新。请确保您正确调用该功能。 DataTable首先应该是最新的。

然后使用这个新数据表再次重复批量复制功能。

Answer 3

我给出了一个非常简单的代码，我在我的解决方案中使用了（我的问题陈述和你的一样）

    SqlConnection con = connection string ;
//new SqlConnection("Data Source=.;uid=sa;pwd=sa123;database=Example1");
con.Open();
string sql = "Create Table abcd (";
foreach (DataColumn column in dt.Columns)
{
    sql += "[" + column.ColumnName + "] " + "nvarchar(50)" + ",";
}
sql = sql.TrimEnd(new char[] { ',' }) + ")";
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, con);
SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd);
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
using (var adapter = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM abcd", con)) 
using(var builder = new SqlCommandBuilder(adapter))
{
adapter.InsertCommand = builder.GetInsertCommand();
adapter.Update(dt);
// adapter.Update(ds.Tables[0]); (Incase u have a data-set)
}
con.Close();

我已将预定义的表名称为“abcd”（您必须注意数据库中不存在此名称的表）。如果它适合你，请投票给我答案!!!! ：）

Answer 4

我建议你按照本文的建议去批量插入： Bulk Insertion of Data Using C# DataTable and SQL server OpenXML function

Answer 5

public bool BulkCopy(ExcelToSqlBo objExcelToSqlBo, DataTable dt, SqlConnection conn, SqlTransaction tx)
{
    int check = 0;
    bool result = false;
    string getInsert = "";
    try
    {
        if (dt.Rows.Count > 0)
        {
            foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
            {
                if (dr != null)
                {
                    if (check == 0)
                    {
                        getInsert = "INSERT INTO [tblTemp]([firstName],[lastName],[Father],[Mother],[Category]" +
                                ",[sub_1],[sub_LG2])"+
                                " select '" + dr[0].ToString() + "','" + dr[1].ToString() + "','" + dr[2].ToString() + "','" + dr[3].ToString() + "','" + dr[4].ToString().Trim() + "','" + dr[5].ToString().Trim() + "','" + dr[6].ToString();

                        check += 1;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        getInsert += " UNION ALL ";

                        getInsert += " select  '" + dr[0].ToString() + "','" + dr[1].ToString() + "','" + dr[2].ToString() + "','" + dr[3].ToString() + "','" + dr[4].ToString().Trim() + "','" + dr[5].ToString().Trim() + "','" + dr[6].ToString() ;

                        check++;
                    }
                }
            }
            result = common.ExecuteNonQuery(getInsert, DatabasesName, conn, tx);
        }
        else
        {
            throw new Exception("No row for insertion");
        }
        dt.Dispose();
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        dt.Dispose();
        throw new Exception("Please attach file in Proper format.");
    }
    return result;
}

Answer 6

我发现如果你的表有一个主键，最好逐行添加到表中。一次插入整个表会在自动增量上产生冲突。

这是我存储的Proc

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.usp_InsertRowsIntoTable
@Year       int,
@TeamName   nvarchar(50),
AS
INSERT INTO [dbo.TeamOverview]
(Year,TeamName)
VALUES (@Year, @TeamName);
RETURN

我把这段代码放在我需要添加到表中的每一行的循环中：

insertRowbyRowIntoTable(Convert.ToInt16(ddlChooseYear.SelectedValue), name);

这是我的数据访问层代码：

        public void insertRowbyRowIntoTable(int ddlValue, string name)
    { 
        SqlConnection cnTemp = null;
        string spName = null;
        SqlCommand sqlCmdInsert = null;

        try
        {
            cnTemp = helper.GetConnection();
            using (SqlConnection connection = cnTemp)
            {
                if (cnTemp.State != ConnectionState.Open)
                    cnTemp.Open();
                using (sqlCmdInsert = new SqlCommand(spName, cnTemp))
                {
                    spName = "dbo.usp_InsertRowsIntoOverview";
                    sqlCmdInsert = new SqlCommand(spName, cnTemp);
                    sqlCmdInsert.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;

                    sqlCmdInsert.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Year", ddlValue);
                    sqlCmdInsert.Parameters.AddWithValue("@TeamName", name);

                    sqlCmdInsert.ExecuteNonQuery();

                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw ex;
        }
        finally
        {
            if (sqlCmdInsert != null)
                sqlCmdInsert.Dispose();

            if (cnTemp.State == ConnectionState.Open)
                cnTemp.Close();
        }

    }

Answer 7

    //best way to deal with this is sqlbulkcopy 
    //but if you dont like it you can do it like this
    //read current sql table in an adapter
    //add rows of datatable , I have mentioned a simple way of it
    //and finally updating changes

    Dim cnn As New SqlConnection("connection string")        
    cnn.Open()
    Dim cmd As New SqlCommand("select * from  sql_server_table", cnn)
    Dim da As New SqlDataAdapter(cmd)       
    Dim ds As New DataSet()
    da.Fill(ds, "sql_server_table")
    Dim cb As New SqlCommandBuilder(da)        

    //for each datatable row
    ds.Tables("sql_server_table").Rows.Add(COl1, COl2)

    da.Update(ds, "sql_server_table")

Answer 8

从我对这个问题的理解，这可以使用一个相当直接的解决方案。以下是我提出的方法，这个方法接受一个数据表，然后使用SQL语句插入数据库中的表。请注意我的解决方案是使用MySQLConnection和MySqlCommand将其替换为SqlConnection和SqlCommand。

public void InsertTableIntoDB_CreditLimitSimple(System.Data.DataTable tblFormat)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < tblFormat.Rows.Count; i++)
        {

            String InsertQuery = string.Empty;

            InsertQuery = "INSERT INTO customercredit " +
                          "(ACCOUNT_CODE,NAME,CURRENCY,CREDIT_LIMIT) " +
                          "VALUES ('" + tblFormat.Rows[i]["AccountCode"].ToString() + "','" + tblFormat.Rows[i]["Name"].ToString() + "','" + tblFormat.Rows[i]["Currency"].ToString() + "','" + tblFormat.Rows[i]["CreditLimit"].ToString() + "')";



            using (MySqlConnection destinationConnection = new MySqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConnectionString"].ToString()))
            using (var dbcm = new MySqlCommand(InsertQuery, destinationConnection))
            {
                destinationConnection.Open();
                dbcm.ExecuteNonQuery();
            }
        }
    }//CreditLimit

如何将数据表插入SQL Server数据库表？

8 个答案: