Question

如果有一个名为employee

的表

EmpID           EmpName
----------      -------------
1               Mary
1               John
1               Sam
2               Alaina
2               Edward

结果我需要这种格式：

EmpID           EmpName
----------      -------------
1               Mary, John, Sam
2               Alaina, Edward

问：此记录位于同一Employee表中。我几乎没有使用UDF，存储过程的经验，我需要通过查询完成这个事情。这可能不使用UDF，SP。

Answer 1

FOR XML PATH trick和article
CLR用户定义汇总
用于sql server早期版本2005 - 临时表

＃1

DECLARE @t TABLE (EmpId INT, EmpName VARCHAR(100))
INSERT @t VALUES
(1, 'Mary'),(1, 'John'),(1, 'Sam'),(2, 'Alaina'),(2, 'Edward')
SELECT distinct
    EmpId,
    (
        SELECT EmpName+','
        FROM @t t2
        WHERE t2.EmpId = t1.EmpId
        FOR XML PATH('')
    ) Concatenated
FROM @t t1

如何删除最终的逗号 - 是您自己的

CLR聚合＃2

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.SqlTypes;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Server;
using System.IO;

namespace DatabaseAssembly
{
    [Serializable]
    [SqlUserDefinedAggregate(Format.UserDefined,
        IsInvariantToNulls = true,
        IsInvariantToDuplicates = true,
        IsInvariantToOrder = true,
        MaxByteSize = -1)]
    public struct StringJoin : IBinarySerialize
    {
        private Dictionary<string, string> AggregationList
        {
            get
            {
                if (_list == null)
                    _list = new Dictionary<string, string>();
                return _list;
            }
        }
        private Dictionary<string, string> _list;

        public void Init()
        {

        }

        public void Accumulate(SqlString Value)
        {
            if (!Value.IsNull)
                AggregationList[Value.Value.ToLowerInvariant()] = Value.Value;

        }

        public void Merge(StringJoin Group)
        {
            foreach (var key in Group.AggregationList.Keys)
                AggregationList[key] = Group.AggregationList[key];
        }

        public SqlChars Terminate()
        {
            var sb = new StringBuilder();
            foreach (var value in AggregationList.Values)
                sb.Append(value);
            return new SqlChars(sb.ToString());
        }

        #region IBinarySerialize Members

        public void Read(System.IO.BinaryReader r)
        {

            try
            {
                while (true)
                    AggregationList[r.ReadString()] = r.ReadString();
            }
            catch (EndOfStreamException)
            {

            }
        }

        public void Write(System.IO.BinaryWriter w)
        {
            foreach (var key in AggregationList.Keys)
            {
                w.Write(key);
                w.Write(AggregationList[key]);
            }
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

Answer 2

来自@ OlegDok的所选答案可能会返回正确的结果。但表现可能很糟糕。这个测试场景将说明它。

创建临时表：

CREATE table #temp (EmpId INT, EmpName VARCHAR(100))
;WITH N(N)AS 
(SELECT 1 FROM(VALUES(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1))M(N)),
tally(N)AS(SELECT ROW_NUMBER()OVER(ORDER BY N.N)FROM N,N a,N b,N c,N d,N e,N f)
INSERT #temp
SELECT EmpId, EmpName FROM (values(1, 'Mary'),(1, 'John'),(1, 'Sam')) x(EmpId, EmpName)
CROSS APPLY 
(SELECT top 2000 N FROM tally) y
UNION ALL
SELECT EmpId, EmpName FROM (values(2, 'Alaina'),(2, 'Edward')) x(EmpId, EmpName)
CROSS APPLY
(SELECT top 2000 N FROM tally) y

这只有10.000行。但很多相同的EmpId。

Oleg的答案中的这个查询在我的数据库上花了64秒。

SELECT distinct
    EmpId,
    (
        SELECT EmpName+','
        FROM #temp t2
        WHERE t2.EmpId = t1.EmpId
        FOR XML PATH('')
    ) Concatenated
FROM #temp t1

在这种情况下，区别不是清理行的正确方法。要避免此笛卡尔联接，请在加入之前减少初始ID数。

这是处理此问题的正确方法：

;WITH CTE as
(
  SELECT distinct EmpId
  FROM #temp
)
SELECT 
    EmpId,
    STUFF((
        SELECT ','+EmpName
        FROM #temp t2
        WHERE t2.EmpId = t1.EmpId
        FOR XML PATH('')
    ), 1,1,'') Concatenated
FROM CTE t1

这需要不到1秒

Answer 3

我认为MSSQL中没有GROUP_CONCAT函数。这个article显示了连接行值的不同方法。

当项目数量较少且预先知道时连接值

SELECT CategoryId,
       MAX( CASE seq WHEN 1 THEN ProductName ELSE '' END ) + ', ' +
       MAX( CASE seq WHEN 2 THEN ProductName ELSE '' END ) + ', ' +
       MAX( CASE seq WHEN 3 THEN ProductName ELSE '' END ) + ', ' +
       MAX( CASE seq WHEN 4 THEN ProductName ELSE '' END )
  FROM ( SELECT p1.CategoryId, p1.ProductName,
                ( SELECT COUNT(*) 
                    FROM Northwind.dbo.Products p2
                   WHERE p2.CategoryId = p1.CategoryId
                     AND p2.ProductName <= p1.ProductName )
           FROM Northwind.dbo.Products p1 ) D ( CategoryId, ProductName, seq )
 GROUP BY CategoryId ;

SQL Server中的SQL group_concat函数

4 个答案: