我有一个看起来像这样的文件
ID Name Car
1 Mike Honda
2 Adam Jim
这些值是制表符分隔的,从中我想在Ruby中解析它并将其放入我的数据库中。
我试过以下
require 'csv'
CSV.foreach("public/files/example.tab", {:col_sep => "\t"}) do |row|
@stuff = row[0]
end
但@stuff
只返回整个对象,似乎没有使用我指定的列分隔符。
它也没有考虑第一行是标题。
如何在Ruby中解析制表符分隔文件,如何告诉它第一行是标题?
答案 0 :(得分:4)
我在FasterCSV和Ruby 1.8.7上取得了成功,我相信它现在是1.9中的核心csv库,使用它:
table = FasterCSV.read(result_file.to_file.path, { :headers => true, :col_sep => "\t", :skip_blanks => true })
unless table.empty?
header_arry = Array.new
table.headers.each do |h|
#your header logic, e.g.
# if h.downcase.include? 'pos'
# header_arry << 'position'
# end
# simplest case here
header_arry << h.downcase
#which produces an array of column names called header_arry
end
rows = table.to_a
rows.delete_at(0)
rows.each do |row|
#convert to hash using the column names
hash = Hash[header_arry.zip(row)]
# do something with the row hash
end
end
答案 1 :(得分:2)
查看Gem“smarter_csv”https://github.com/tilo/smarter_csv/;它有几个有趣的功能来从CSV数据创建哈希。
这是我如何做的(沿着将CSV.read或CSV.parse返回的“数组数组”转换为“哈希数组”的方式...这使数据看起来更像ActiveRecord数据,以后稍微更容易处理..
require 'csv'
def process(csv_array) # makes arrays of hashes out of CSV's arrays of arrays
result = []
return result if csv_array.nil? || csv_array.empty?
headerA = csv_array.shift # remove first array with headers from array returned by CSV
headerA.map!{|x| x.downcase.to_sym } # make symbols out of the CSV headers
csv_array.each do |row| # convert each data row into a hash, given the CSV headers
result << Hash[ headerA.zip(row) ] # you could use HashWithIndifferentAccess here instead of Hash
end
return result
end
# reading in the CSV data is now just one line:
csv_data = process( CSV.read( filename , { :col_sep => "\t"}) )
=> [{:id=>"1", :name=>"Mike", :car=>"Honda"},
{:id=>"2", :name=>"Adam", :car=>"Jim"}]
您现在可以像这样处理数据:
csv_data.each do |hash|
# ...
end
http://as.rubyonrails.org/classes/HashWithIndifferentAccess.html
http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/HashWithIndifferentAccess.html
答案 2 :(得分:-1)
我用简单的方法来解析csv数据。这里的分隔符是制表符,空格,逗号或分号。它返回字段数组。
row_data = File.new("your_file.csv").read
row_data = row_data.split(/[ ,;\s]/).reject(&:empty?)