Question

在JavaScript中，我们有几种方法可以获取对象的属性，具体取决于我们想要获得的内容。

1）Object.keys()，它返回一个对象的所有自己的可枚举属性，一个ECMA5方法。

2）一个for...in循环，它返回一个对象的所有可枚举属性，无论它们是自己的属性，还是从原型链继承。

3）Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj)返回对象的所有属性，可枚举与否。

我们也有hasOwnProperty(prop)这样的方法让我们检查属性是继承还是实际属于该对象，propertyIsEnumerable(prop)，顾名思义，让我们检查属性是否可枚举

使用所有这些选项，无法获得对象的不可枚举，非自己的属性，这就是我想要做的。有没有办法做到这一点？换句话说，我可以以某种方式获取继承的非可枚举属性的列表吗？

谢谢。

Answer 1

由于getOwnPropertyNames可以为您提供不可枚举的属性，您可以使用它并将其与走原型链相结合。

function getAllProperties(obj){
    var allProps = []
      , curr = obj
    do{
        var props = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(curr)
        props.forEach(function(prop){
            if (allProps.indexOf(prop) === -1)
                allProps.push(prop)
        })
    }while(curr = Object.getPrototypeOf(curr))
    return allProps
}

我在Safari 5.1上测试了它并获得了

> getAllProperties([1,2,3])
["0", "1", "2", "length", "constructor", "push", "slice", "indexOf", "sort", "splice", "concat", "pop", "unshift", "shift", "join", "toString", "forEach", "reduceRight", "toLocaleString", "some", "map", "lastIndexOf", "reduce", "filter", "reverse", "every", "hasOwnProperty", "isPrototypeOf", "valueOf", "__defineGetter__", "__defineSetter__", "__lookupGetter__", "propertyIsEnumerable", "__lookupSetter__"]

更新：稍微重构了代码（添加了空格和大括号，并改进了函数名称）：

function getAllPropertyNames( obj ) {
    var props = [];

    do {
        Object.getOwnPropertyNames( obj ).forEach(function ( prop ) {
            if ( props.indexOf( prop ) === -1 ) {
                props.push( prop );
            }
        });
    } while ( obj = Object.getPrototypeOf( obj ) );

    return props;
}

简单地得到一切......（enum / nonenum，self / inherited .. 请确认..

function getAllPropertyNames( obj ) {
    var props = [];

    do {
        props= props.concat(Object.getOwnPropertyNames( obj ));
    } while ( obj = Object.getPrototypeOf( obj ) );

    return props;
}

Answer 2

要获取某些实例的所有继承属性或方法，您可以使用类似

的内容

var BaseType = function () {
    this.baseAttribute = "base attribute";
    this.baseMethod = function() {
        return "base method";
    };
};

var SomeType = function() {
    BaseType();
    this.someAttribute = "some attribute";
    this.someMethod = function (){
        return "some method";
    };
};

SomeType.prototype = new BaseType();
SomeType.prototype.constructor = SomeType;

var instance = new SomeType();

Object.prototype.getInherited = function(){
    var props = []
    for (var name in this) {  
        if (!this.hasOwnProperty(name) && !(name == 'constructor' || name == 'getInherited')) {  
            props.push(name);
        }  
    }
    return props;
};

alert(instance.getInherited().join(","));

Answer 3

利用套装可以带来更清洁的解决方案，IMO。

const own = Object.getOwnPropertyNames;
const proto = Object.getPrototypeOf;

function getAllPropertyNames(obj) {
    const props = new Set();
    do own(obj).forEach(p => props.add(p)); while (obj = proto(obj));
    return Array.from(props);
}

Answer 4

使用递归的更干净的解决方案：

function getAllPropertyNames (obj) {
    const proto     = Object.getPrototypeOf(obj);
    const inherited = (proto) ? getAllPropertyNames(proto) : [];
    return [...new Set(Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj).concat(inherited))];
}

编辑

更多通用功能：

function walkProtoChain (obj, callback) {
    const proto     = Object.getPrototypeOf(obj);
    const inherited = (proto) ? walkProtoChain(proto, callback) : [];
    return [...new Set(callback(obj).concat(inherited))];
}

function getOwnNonEnumPropertyNames (obj) {
    return Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj)
        .filter(p => !obj.propertyIsEnumerable(p));
}

function getAllPropertyNames (obj) {
    return walkProtoChain(obj, Object.getOwnPropertyNames);
}

function getAllEnumPropertyNames (obj) {
    return walkProtoChain(obj, Object.keys);
}

function getAllNonEnumPropertyNames (obj) {
    return walkProtoChain(obj, getOwnNonEnumPropertyNames);
}

可以使用Object.getOwnPropertySymbols等应用相同的模板。

Answer 5

这是我在研究这个主题时提出的解决方案。要获取obj对象的所有不可枚举的非自有属性，请执行getProperties(obj, "nonown", "nonenum");

function getProperties(obj, type, enumerability) {
/**
 * Return array of object properties
 * @param {String} type - Property type. Can be "own", "nonown" or "both"
 * @param {String} enumerability - Property enumerability. Can be "enum", 
 * "nonenum" or "both"
 * @returns {String|Array} Array of properties
 */
    var props = Object.create(null);  // Dictionary

    var firstIteration = true;

    do {
        var allProps = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj);
        var enumProps = Object.keys(obj);
        var nonenumProps = allProps.filter(x => !(new Set(enumProps)).has(x));

        enumProps.forEach(function(prop) {
            if (!(prop in props)) {
                props[prop] = { own: firstIteration, enum_: true };
            }           
        });

        nonenumProps.forEach(function(prop) {
            if (!(prop in props)) {
                props[prop] = { own: firstIteration, enum_: false };
            }           
        });

        firstIteration = false;
    } while (obj = Object.getPrototypeOf(obj));

    for (prop in props) {
        if (type == "own" && props[prop]["own"] == false) {
            delete props[prop];
            continue;
        }
        if (type == "nonown" && props[prop]["own"] == true) {
            delete props[prop];
            continue;
        }

        if (enumerability == "enum" && props[prop]["enum_"] == false) {
            delete props[prop];
            continue;
        }
        if (enumerability == "nonenum" && props[prop]["enum_"] == true) {
            delete props[prop];
        }
    }

    return Object.keys(props);
}

Answer 6

function getNonEnumerableNonOwnPropertyNames( obj ) {
    var oCurObjPrototype = Object.getPrototypeOf(obj);
    var arReturn = [];
    var arCurObjPropertyNames = [];
    var arCurNonEnumerable = [];
    while (oCurObjPrototype) {
        arCurObjPropertyNames = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(oCurObjPrototype);
        arCurNonEnumerable = arCurObjPropertyNames.filter(function(item, i, arr){
            return !oCurObjPrototype.propertyIsEnumerable(item);
        })
        Array.prototype.push.apply(arReturn,arCurNonEnumerable);
        oCurObjPrototype = Object.getPrototypeOf(oCurObjPrototype);
    }
    return arReturn;
}

使用示例：

function MakeA(){

}

var a = new MakeA();

var arNonEnumerable = getNonEnumerableNonOwnPropertyNames(a);

Answer 7

如果您尝试记录父对象ex的非可枚举属性。默认情况下，es6中类中定义的方法在原型上设置，但设置为不可枚举。

Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Object.getPrototypeOf(obj));

Answer 8

在ES6中直接进行迭代：

function getAllPropertyNames(obj) {
    let result = new Set();
    while (obj) {
        Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj).forEach(p => result.add(p));
        obj = Object.getPrototypeOf(obj);
    }
    return Array.from(result);
}

Answer 9

根据我的个人喜好实现：）

function getAllProperties(In, Out = {}) {
    const keys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(In);
    keys.forEach(key => Object.defineProperty(In, key, {
        enumerable: true
    }));
    Out = { ...In, ...Out };

    const Prototype = Object.getPrototypeOf(In);
    return Prototype === Object.prototype ? Out : getAllProperties(Proto, Out);
}

是否可以获取对象的不可枚举的继承属性名称？

9 个答案:

编辑