Question

首先是问题：我需要一种不在/etc/ld.so.conf.d中放置配置文件的方法，以允许客户端使用默认安装的gcc在RHEL5.7和RHEL6.1上构建我的SDK。在这种情况下，设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH不起作用。有没有其他方法可以让客户端链接到我的sdk而无需向他们提供有关如何配置系统的知识库文章？请阅读以下内容以获得澄清。

其次是Senario：

我负责在RHEL5和RHEL6上构建运行时SDK。我的RHEL5.7盒子是标准的非注册安装，我的RHEL6.1盒子也是如此。但是，在我的RHEL6盒子上，我自己编译了gcc：

[mehoggan@hoggant35002 ~]$ cat /etc/redhat-release; gcc --version
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.7 (Tikanga)
gcc (GCC) 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-51)
Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOS

-

[mehoggan@hogganz400 session2]$ cat /etc/redhat-release; gcc --version
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.1 (Santiago)
gcc (GCC) 4.5.2
Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE

-

我无法提供我尝试链接的.so和.a文件。但是，我将尝试描述正在发生的事情。使用相同的源并根据我的SDK构建它并运行它。我得到以下结果：

RHEL 6 Box：

[mehoggan@hogganz400 session2]$ ls -l
total 1848
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan     189 Nov  3 13:02 main.cpp
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan     845 Nov  3 13:02 mainwindow.cpp
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan     288 Nov  3 13:02 mainwindow.h
-rwxrwxr-x 1 mehoggan mehoggan   25818 Nov  4 09:26 Session2
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan     649 Nov  3 13:02 Session2.pro
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan 1847296 Nov  3 13:02 vc90.pdb
[mehoggan@hogganz400 session2]$ qmake
[mehoggan@hogganz400 session2]$ cat Session2.pro 
#-------------------------------------------------
#
# Project created by QtCreator 2011-10-21T09:32:55
#
#-------------------------------------------------

QT += core gui

TARGET = Session2
TEMPLATE = app


SOURCES += main.cpp\
        mainwindow.cpp

HEADERS  += mainwindow.h

#Modify the path accordingly
CONFIG += debug_and_release
INCLUDEPATH += "/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/include"
CONFIG(debug, debug|release) {
  LIBS += -L"/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin" \
          -lArcGISQtd
} else {
  LIBS += -L"/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin" \
          -lArcGISQt
}
[mehoggan@hogganz400 session2]$ make
make -f Makefile.Release
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/workshops/session2'
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease -o release/main.o main.cpp
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease -o release/mainwindow.o mainwindow.cpp
/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/bin/moc -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease mainwindow.h -o release/moc_mainwindow.cpp
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease -o release/moc_mainwindow.o release/moc_mainwindow.cpp
g++ -m64 -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-rpath,/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/lib -o Session2 release/main.o release/mainwindow.o release/moc_mainwindow.o    -L/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/lib -L/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin -lArcGISQt -lQtGui -lQtCore -lpthread 
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/workshops/session2'
[mehoggan@hogganz400 session2]$ echo ${LD_LIBRARY_PATH} 
/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/ArcGISRuntime10.1/LocalServerLx/bin/wine/lib64:/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/ArcGISRuntime10.1/LocalServerLx/bin/wine/lib64/wine:/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/ArcGISRuntime10.1/LocalServerLx/bin/wine/lib64/wine/supp:/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/ArcGISRuntime10.1/LocalServerLx/bin/wine/lib64:/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/ArcGISRuntime10.1/LocalServerLx/bin/wine/lib64/wine:/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/ArcGISRuntime10.1/LocalServerLx/bin/wine/lib64/wine/supp:
[mehoggan@hogganz400 session2]$ ./Session2 
./Session2: /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.14' not found (required by /home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin/libArcGISQt.so.1)

如果我运行以下命令：export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib64:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}; ./Session2或在/etc/ld.so.conf.d中设置libstdc ++编译版本的路径，应用程序就会运行。

RHEL5 Box：

[mehoggan@hoggant35002 session2]$ ls -l
total 1852
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan     189 Nov  3 15:21 main.cpp
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan     845 Nov  3 15:21 mainwindow.cpp
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan     288 Nov  3 15:21 mainwindow.h
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan     649 Nov  3 15:21 Session2.pro
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan   25151 Nov  3 15:51 Session2.pro.user
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan 1847296 Nov  3 15:21 vc90.pdb
[mehoggan@hoggant35002 session2]$ qmake
[mehoggan@hoggant35002 session2]$ ls -l ./Session2.pro
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mehoggan mehoggan 649 Nov  3 15:21 ./Session2.pro
[mehoggan@hoggant35002 session2]$ cat ./Session2.pro
#-------------------------------------------------
#
# Project created by QtCreator 2011-10-21T09:32:55
#
#-------------------------------------------------

QT += core gui

TARGET = Session2
TEMPLATE = app


SOURCES += main.cpp\
        mainwindow.cpp

HEADERS  += mainwindow.h

#Modify the path accordingly
CONFIG += debug_and_release
INCLUDEPATH += "/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/include"
CONFIG(debug, debug|release) {
  LIBS += -L"/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin" \
          -lArcGISQtd
} else {
  LIBS += -L"/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin" \
          -lArcGISQt
}
[mehoggan@hoggant35002 session2]$ make
make -f Makefile.Release
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/workshops/session2'
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease -o release/main.o main.cpp
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease -o release/mainwindow.o mainwindow.cpp
/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/bin/moc -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease mainwindow.h -o release/moc_mainwindow.cpp
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/mkspecs/default -I. -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtCore -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include/QtGui -I/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/include -I../../include -Irelease -o release/moc_mainwindow.o release/moc_mainwindow.cpp
g++ -m64 -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-rpath,/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/lib -o Session2 release/main.o release/mainwindow.o release/moc_mainwindow.o    -L/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/lib -L/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin -lArcGISQt -lQtGui -lQtCore -lpthread
/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/lib/libQtGui.so: undefined reference to `FT_Library_SetLcdFilter'
/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin/libArcGISQt.so: undefined reference to `std::_List_node_base::_M_unhook()@GLIBCXX_3.4.14'
/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin/libArcGISQt.so: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::__ostream_insert<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*, long)@GLIBCXX_3.4.9'
/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin/libArcGISQt.so: undefined reference to `std::_List_node_base::_M_hook(std::_List_node_base*)@GLIBCXX_3.4.14'
/home/mehoggan/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/474/gcc/lib/libQtGui.so: undefined reference to `FcFreeTypeQueryFace'
/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin/libArcGISQt.so: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::_M_insert<double>(double)@GLIBCXX_3.4.9'
/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/bin/libArcGISQt.so: undefined reference to `std::ctype<char>::_M_widen_init() const@GLIBCXX_3.4.11'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[1]: *** [Session2] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/mehoggan/arcgis/runtime_sdk/qt10.1/SDK/workshops/session2'
make: *** [release] Error 2

这将成为一个非常长的帖子，我想我已经提供了足够的开始帮助。如果您需要任何具体的帮助，请告诉我。

关于我链接的libstdc ++的最后一点信息。

RHEL6:
[mehoggan@hogganz400 session2]$ strings /usr/local/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIB
GLIBCXX_3.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.1
GLIBCXX_3.4.2
GLIBCXX_3.4.3
GLIBCXX_3.4.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.5
GLIBCXX_3.4.6
GLIBCXX_3.4.7
GLIBCXX_3.4.8
GLIBCXX_3.4.9
GLIBCXX_3.4.10
GLIBCXX_3.4.11
GLIBCXX_3.4.12
GLIBCXX_3.4.13
GLIBCXX_3.4.14
GLIBC_2.2.5
GLIBC_2.3
GLIBC_2.3.2
GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW
GLIBCXX_DEBUG_MESSAGE_LENGTH

RHEL5：

[mehoggan@hoggant35002 session2]$ strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBC
GLIBCXX_3.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.1
GLIBCXX_3.4.2
GLIBCXX_3.4.3
GLIBCXX_3.4.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.5
GLIBCXX_3.4.6
GLIBCXX_3.4.7
GLIBCXX_3.4.8
GLIBC_2.3
GLIBC_2.3.2
GLIBC_2.4
GLIBC_2.2.5
GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW

Answer 1

看起来您的Qt库（libQtGui.so和libArcGISQt.so）依赖于GLIBCXX_3.4.14，这在您的RHEL 5盒子中不存在，可能就像您在RHEL 6上构建并安装它（Qt）一样框。您需要在RHEL 5上构建Qt，或者在RHEL 5框中提供对更新的3.4.14 lib的访问。任何想要运行二进制文件的人都需要访问构建它的正确版本的共享库。

为了“访问”某个库，它需要在相关机器上可读，并且位于ld.so.conf中配置的位置，在应用程序运行的LD_LIBRARY_PATH envvar中，或通过-rpath链接选项配置到可执行文件中。

我发现，对于避免/处理此问题非常有用的一个链接选项是-Wl,-rpath,'$ORIGIN'。这将导致应用程序查看包含动态库的可执行文件的目录以及（并且优先于）ld.so.conf。因此，您可以构建一个可执行文件，并为人们提供包含可执行文件和一堆.so动态库的包，并告诉他们“要么在您的计算机上安装.so文件，要么将它们全部放在与可执行文件相同的目录中，无论您喜欢哪个“然后他们可以毫不费力地运行可执行文件。这允许单个二进制包，可以在几乎任何Linux变体上使用。

请注意，当您将此选项放入Makefile时，通常需要-Wl,-rpath,'$$ORIGIN'，因为make会将$视为变量展开（$$展开为$ ）。 qmake可能是一样的。

在编译时链接与运行时链接对std :: library

1 个答案: