我试图提取
$str = "Instant Oatmeal - Corn Flavour 175g (35g x 5)";
preg_match('/(?P<name>.*) (?P<total_weight>\d+)(?P<total_weight_unit>.*) \((?P<unitWeight>\d+)(?P<unitWeight_unit>.*) x (?P<portion_no>\d+)\)/', $str, $m);
这是正确的:
Instant Oatmeal - Corn Flavour 175g (35g x 5)
name : Instant Oatmeal - Corn Flavour
total_weight : 175 g
#portion : 5
unit weight : 35 g
但是,如果我想提取
$str = "Cholcolate Sandwich Cookies (Tray) 264.6g (29.4g x 9)";
不正确:
Cholcolate Sandwich Cookies (Tray) 264.6g (29.4g x 9)
name : Cholcolate Sandwich Cookies (Tray)
total_weight : 264 .6g
#portion : 9
unit weight : 29 .4g
如何解决这个问题?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
在处理像这样的非平凡正则表达式时,您可以通过使用大量注释(以及任何嵌套括号的缩进)以自由间距格式编写它们来显着提高可读性(和可维护性)。这是您的自由间距格式的原始正则表达式,带有注释:
$re_orig = '/# Original regex with added comments.
(?P<name>.*) # $name:
[ ] # Space separates name from weight.
(?P<total_weight>\d+) # $total_weight:
(?P<total_weight_unit>.*) # $total_weight_unit:
[ ] # Space separates totalunits from .
\( # Literal parens enclosing portions data.
(?P<unitWeight>\d+) # $unitWeight:
(?P<unitWeight_unit>.*) # $unitWeight_unit:
[ ]x[ ] # "space-X-space" separates portions data.
(?P<portion_no>\d+) # $portion_no:
\) # Literal parens enclosing portions data.
/x';
以下是改进版本:
$re_improved = '/# Match Name, total weight, units and portions data.
^ # Anchor to start of string.
(?P<name>.*?) # $name:
[ ]+ # Space(s) separate name from weight.
(?P<total_weight> # $total_weight:
\d+ # Required integer portion.
(?:\.\d*)? # Optional fractional portion.
)
(?P<total_weight_unit> # $total_weight_unit:
.+? # Units consist of any chars.
)
[ ]+ # Space(s) separate total from portions.
\( # Literal parens enclosing portions data.
(?P<unitWeight> # $unitWeight:
\d+ # Required integer portion.
(?:\.\d*)? # Optional fractional portion.
)
(?P<unitWeight_unit> # $unitWeight_unit:
.+? # Units consist of any chars.
)
[ ]+x[ ]+ # "space-X-space" separates portions data.
(?P<portion_no> # $portion_no:
\d+ # Required integer portion.
(?:\.\d*)? # Optional fractional portion.
)
\) # Literal parens enclosing portions data.
$ # Anchor to end of string.
/xi';
注意:
i
为大写,则添加X
ignorecase修饰符。我不确定你是如何应用这个正则表达式的,但这个改进的正则表达式应该可以解决你的问题。
编辑次数:2011-10-09 11:17 MDT 更改单位的表达方式更加宽松,以便允许Ilmari Karonen指出的案例。
答案 1 :(得分:2)
使用此:
/(?P<name>.*) (?P<total_weight>\b[0-9]*\.?[0-9]+)(?P<total_weight_unit>.*) \((?P<unitWeight>\b[0-9]*\.?[0-9]+)(?P<unitWeight_unit>.*) x (?P<portion_no>\d+)\)/
您的问题是您没有考虑浮点数。我纠正了这个。请注意,该部分仍然是一个整数,但我想这是合乎逻辑的:)