php多维关联数组中的键搜索

时间:2011-09-29 07:28:09

标签: php multidimensional-array

$array = array(
    'the-1'=> array('name'=>'lorem','pos'=>array('top'=>'90','left'=>'80'),'zindex'=>2),
    'the-2'=> array('name'=>'ipsum','pos'=>array('top'=>'190','left'=>'180'),'zindex'=>1),
    'the-3'=> array('name'=>'lorem ipsum','pos'=>array('top'=>'20','left'=>'30'),'zindex'=>3)
);

如何检查上面的php数组中是否存在zindex密钥。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

你有一个名为array_key_exists的方法。当然,如果你不知道带有值的数组有多深,你需要做一些(递归)循环。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

也许你应该以这种方式使用array_walk_recursive功能

<?php
$sweet = array('a' => 'apple', 'b' => 'banana');
$fruits = array('sweet' => $sweet, 'sour' => 'lemon');

function test_print($item, $key)
{
    echo "$key holds $item\n";
}

array_walk_recursive($fruits, 'test_print');
?>

这只是一个从php.net获取的打印示例,但您可以轻松地根据自己的需要调整它(例如在回调函数中添加array_key_exist

答案 2 :(得分:0)

我不完全确定你在这里想要什么,所以这里有各种你可以在zindex上运行的测试。这些都使用foreach循环和array_key_exists

如果要检查外部数组中的每个项目以查看它是否具有zindex:

循环遍历每个元素,并简单地检查元素是否具有某种zindex键。

foreach( $array as $key => $element ) {
    if( array_key_exists('zindex',$element) ) {
        echo "Key '$key' has a zindex of ".$element['zindex']."\n<br>\n";
    } else {
        echo "Fail!! Key '$key' has no zindex!\n<br>\n";
    }
}

如果你只想找到任何zindex密钥:

循环直到找到具有zindex的元素。如果找到zindex,则该函数返回true,否则返回false。

function find_zindex( $array ) {
    foreach( $array as $key => $element ) {
        if( array_key_exists('zindex',$element) ) {
            echo "Key '$key' has a zindex of ".$element['zindex']."\n<br>\n";
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

if( find_zindex( $array ) ) {
    echo "A zindex was found\n<br>\n";
} else {
    echo "Fail: no zindex was found\n<br>\n";
}

如果您在数组中寻找特定的zindex值:

循环查找具有特定值的特定zindex。如果找到,则返回外部数组的键。否则返回null。

function find_zindex( $array, $search_key ) {
    foreach( $array as $key => $element ) {
        if( array_key_exists('zindex',$element) && $element['zindex']==$search_key ) {
            echo "Key '$key' has a zindex of ".$element['zindex']."\n<br>\n";
            return $key;
        }
    }
    return null;
}

$key = find_zindex( $array, 3 );
if( $key ) {
    echo "The zindex was found at '$key'\n<br>\n";
} else {
    echo "Fail: the zindex was not found\n<br>\n";
}

$key = find_zindex( $array, 4 );
if( $key ) {
    echo "The zindex was found at '$key'\n<br>\n";
} else {
    echo "Fail: the zindex was not found\n<br>\n";
}

如果您想要一个具有特定zindex的每个键的数组:

循环遍历,构建一个包含与提供的zindex搜索值匹配的每个元素的数组。完成后,它返回新的元素数组。如果未找到任何内容,则返回一个空数组,该数组将测试为false。

function find_zindex( $array, $search_key ) {
    $result = array();
    foreach( $array as $key => $element ) {
        if( array_key_exists('zindex',$element) && $element['zindex']==$search_key ) {
            echo "Key '$key' has a zindex of ".$element['zindex']."\n<br>\n";
            $result[] = $key;
        }
    }
    return $result;
}

$key = find_zindex( $array, 3 );
if( $key ) {
    echo 'The zindex was found at:';
    print_r( $key );
    echo "\n<br>\n";
} else {
    echo "Fail: the zindex was not found\n<br>\n";
}

$key = find_zindex( $array, 4 );
if( $key ) {
    echo 'The zindex was found at:';
    print_r( $key );
    echo "\n<br>\n";
} else {
    echo "Fail: the zindex was not found\n<br>\n";
}

如果您经常尝试通过zindex查找数据,则需要重新设计数组:

这将创建第二个数组,该数组只引用第一个数组中的元素。如果运行此操作,您可以看到数据是共享的,因为一个赋值将在两个数组中将“name”设置为“new_name”。请注意,外部数组的每个元素现在都有索引和zindex。

这假设$ array中的每个元素都有一个zindex,而zindex的值是唯一的。如果某些元素没有zindex或有重复的zindexes,那么你需要修改一些。

$array = array(
    'the-1'=> array('name'=>'lorem','pos'=>array('top'=>'90','left'=>'80'),'index'=>'the-1','zindex'=>2),
    'the-2'=> array('name'=>'ipsum','pos'=>array('top'=>'190','left'=>'180'),'index'=>'the-2','zindex'=>1),
    'the-3'=> array('name'=>'lorem ipsum','pos'=>array('top'=>'20','left'=>'30'),'index'=>'the-3','zindex'=>3)
);

$zarray = array();
foreach( $array as &$value ) {
    $zarray[$value['zindex']] =& $value;
}
// optional: order the entries in zarray by their key
ksort($zarray)

print_r($array);
echo "\n<br>\n";
print_r($zarray);
echo "\n<br>\n<br>\n<br>\n<br>\n<br>\n";

$array['the-1']['name']='new_name';
print_r($array);
echo "\n<br>\n";
print_r($zarray);