MySQL无需缓存即可提升性能

时间:2011-09-15 14:11:02

标签: mysql query-optimization

我使用的是MySQL 5.5.14版,从500万行的表中运行以下查询:

SELECT P.ID, P.Type, P.Name, P.cty
     , X(P.latlng) as 'lat', Y(P.latlng) as 'lng'
     , P.cur, P.ak, P.tn, P.St, P.Tm, P.flA, P.ldA, P.flN
     , P.lv, P.bd, P.bt, P.nb
     , P.ak * E.usD as 'usP' 
FROM PIG P 
  INNER JOIN EEL E 
    ON E.cur = P.cur 
WHERE act='1' 
  AND flA >= '1615' 
  AND ldA >= '0' 
  AND yr >= (YEAR(NOW()) - 100) 
  AND lv >= '0' 
  AND bd >= '3' 
  AND bt >= '2' 
  AND nb <= '5' 
  AND cDate >= NOW() 
  AND MBRContains(LineString( Point(-65.6583, -87.8906)
                            , Point(65.6583, 87.8906)
                            ), latlng) 
  AND Type = 'g' 
  AND tn = 'l' 
  AND St + Tm - YEAR(NOW()) >= '30' 
HAVING usP BETWEEN 300/2 AND 300 LIMIT 100;

表定义是:

CREATE TABLE `PIG` (
  `ID` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `Email` char(50) NOT NULL,
  `Type` char(1) NOT NULL,
  `Name` char(25) DEFAULT NULL,
  `cty` char(2) DEFAULT NULL,
  `latlng` point NOT NULL,
  `tn` char(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'l',
  `St` smallint(4) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `Tm` smallint(3) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `yr` smallint(4) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `flA` mediumint(6) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `ldA` mediumint(6) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `flN` smallint(3) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '1',
  `lv` smallint(3) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `bd` tinyint(2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `bt` tinyint(2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `nb` tinyint(1) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '9',
  `cur` char(3) DEFAULT NULL,
  `ak` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `Des` tinytext,
  `pDate` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `cDate` date DEFAULT NULL,
  `act` tinyint(1) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `bid` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `ab` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
  KEY `id_ca` (`cty`,`ak`),
  SPATIAL KEY `id_latlng` (`latlng`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=5000001 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

CREATE TABLE `EEL` (
  `cur` char(3) NOT NULL,
  `usD` decimal(11,10) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`cur`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

以下显示了查询执行计划:

*************************** 1. row ***************************
           id: 1
  select_type: SIMPLE
        table: P
         type: range
possible_keys: id_latlng
          key: id_latlng
      key_len: 34
          ref: NULL
         rows: 742873
        Extra: Using where
*************************** 2. row ***************************
           id: 1
  select_type: SIMPLE
        table: E
         type: eq_ref
possible_keys: PRIMARY
          key: PRIMARY
      key_len: 3
          ref: BS.P.cur
         rows: 1
        Extra: 

由于存在NOW()函数,此查询不使用查询缓存。从我之前的posting开始,我发现存在其他形式的缓存可以将查询从 300s的初始时间降低到小于2s 。我的问题是:“如何改善上述查询时间,知道缓存不会有多大用处,因为latlng的搜索条件不断变化?”请注意,latlng上的空间索引已经为优化目的而建。

干杯,本

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

良好的指数是具有高选择性的指数。您的条件主要是范围条件,这对可以在复合索引中使用的字段构成限制。

要调查的可能索引(由具有等级检查的那些字段组成,最后是一个带范围检查的字段):

(act, Type, tn, flA)

(act, Type, tn, cDate)

(act, Type, tn, nb)

要在不创建索引的情况下检查选择性,可以使用:

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM PIG P 
WHERE act='1' 
  AND Type = 'g' 
  AND tn = 'l' 
  AND flA >= '1615'

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM PIG P 
WHERE act='1' 
  AND Type = 'g' 
  AND tn = 'l' 
  AND cDate >= NOW() 

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM PIG P 
WHERE act='1' 
  AND Type = 'g' 
  AND tn = 'l' 
  AND nb <= '5' 

并将输出与空间索引中的742873进行比较。