我正在构建Keras
多层模型,并尝试使用scikit_learn
cross_val_score
函数来测量准确性。我首先创建了代码以生成模型,然后将其作为KerasClassifier
传递给build_fn
,然后将结果模型传递给cross_val_score
以获得精度。
def create_model(learning_rate, activation):
opt = Adam(lr = learning_rate)
model = Sequential()
model.add(Dense(128, input_shape = (30,), activation = activation))
model.add(Dense(256, activation = activation))
model.add(Dense(1, activation = 'sigmoid'))
model.compile(optimizer = opt, loss = 'binary_crossentropy', metrics = ['accuracy'])
return model
display(X.head(), X.shape)
mean radius mean texture mean perimeter mean area mean smoothness mean compactness mean concavity mean concave points mean symmetry mean fractal dimension ... worst radius worst texture worst perimeter worst area worst smoothness worst compactness worst concavity worst concave points worst symmetry worst fractal dimension
0 17.99 10.38 122.80 1001.0 0.11840 0.27760 0.3001 0.14710 0.2419 0.07871 ... 25.38 17.33 184.60 2019.0 0.1622 0.6656 0.7119 0.2654 0.4601 0.11890
1 20.57 17.77 132.90 1326.0 0.08474 0.07864 0.0869 0.07017 0.1812 0.05667 ... 24.99 23.41 158.80 1956.0 0.1238 0.1866 0.2416 0.1860 0.2750 0.08902
2 19.69 21.25 130.00 1203.0 0.10960 0.15990 0.1974 0.12790 0.2069 0.05999 ... 23.57 25.53 152.50 1709.0 0.1444 0.4245 0.4504 0.2430 0.3613 0.08758
3 11.42 20.38 77.58 386.1 0.14250 0.28390 0.2414 0.10520 0.2597 0.09744 ... 14.91 26.50 98.87 567.7 0.2098 0.8663 0.6869 0.2575 0.6638 0.17300
4 20.29 14.34 135.10 1297.0 0.10030 0.13280 0.1980 0.10430 0.1809 0.05883 ... 22.54 16.67 152.20 1575.0 0.1374 0.2050 0.4000 0.1625 0.2364 0.07678
5 rows × 30 columns
display(y.head())
Cancer
0 0
1 0
2 0
3 0
4 0
model = KerasClassifier(build_fn = create_model(learning_rate = .001, activation = 'relu'), epochs = 50,
batch_size = 128, verbose = 0)
kfolds = cross_val_score(model, X, y, cv = 3)
以下是我遇到的错误,我无法理解。感谢所有错误的解释和解决方案。
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-110-54727b0d29e3> in <module>
4
5 # Calculate the accuracy score for each fold
----> 6 kfolds = cross_val_score(model, X, y, cv = 3)
7
8 # Print the mean accuracy
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\sklearn\model_selection\_validation.py in cross_val_score(estimator, X, y, groups, scoring, cv, n_jobs, verbose, fit_params, pre_dispatch, error_score)
389 fit_params=fit_params,
390 pre_dispatch=pre_dispatch,
--> 391 error_score=error_score)
392 return cv_results['test_score']
393
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\sklearn\model_selection\_validation.py in cross_validate(estimator, X, y, groups, scoring, cv, n_jobs, verbose, fit_params, pre_dispatch, return_train_score, return_estimator, error_score)
230 return_times=True, return_estimator=return_estimator,
231 error_score=error_score)
--> 232 for train, test in cv.split(X, y, groups))
233
234 zipped_scores = list(zip(*scores))
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py in __call__(self, iterable)
919 # remaining jobs.
920 self._iterating = False
--> 921 if self.dispatch_one_batch(iterator):
922 self._iterating = self._original_iterator is not None
923
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py in dispatch_one_batch(self, iterator)
752 tasks = BatchedCalls(itertools.islice(iterator, batch_size),
753 self._backend.get_nested_backend(),
--> 754 self._pickle_cache)
755 if len(tasks) == 0:
756 # No more tasks available in the iterator: tell caller to stop.
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py in __init__(self, iterator_slice, backend_and_jobs, pickle_cache)
208
209 def __init__(self, iterator_slice, backend_and_jobs, pickle_cache=None):
--> 210 self.items = list(iterator_slice)
211 self._size = len(self.items)
212 if isinstance(backend_and_jobs, tuple):
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\sklearn\model_selection\_validation.py in <genexpr>(.0)
230 return_times=True, return_estimator=return_estimator,
231 error_score=error_score)
--> 232 for train, test in cv.split(X, y, groups))
233
234 zipped_scores = list(zip(*scores))
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\sklearn\base.py in clone(estimator, safe)
62 new_object_params = estimator.get_params(deep=False)
63 for name, param in new_object_params.items():
---> 64 new_object_params[name] = clone(param, safe=False)
65 new_object = klass(**new_object_params)
66 params_set = new_object.get_params(deep=False)
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\sklearn\base.py in clone(estimator, safe)
53 elif not hasattr(estimator, 'get_params') or isinstance(estimator, type):
54 if not safe:
---> 55 return copy.deepcopy(estimator)
56 else:
57 raise TypeError("Cannot clone object '%s' (type %s): "
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
178 y = x
179 else:
--> 180 y = _reconstruct(x, memo, *rv)
181
182 # If is its own copy, don't memoize.
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _reconstruct(x, memo, func, args, state, listiter, dictiter, deepcopy)
278 if state is not None:
279 if deep:
--> 280 state = deepcopy(state, memo)
281 if hasattr(y, '__setstate__'):
282 y.__setstate__(state)
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
148 copier = _deepcopy_dispatch.get(cls)
149 if copier:
--> 150 y = copier(x, memo)
151 else:
152 try:
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _deepcopy_dict(x, memo, deepcopy)
238 memo[id(x)] = y
239 for key, value in x.items():
--> 240 y[deepcopy(key, memo)] = deepcopy(value, memo)
241 return y
242 d[dict] = _deepcopy_dict
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
148 copier = _deepcopy_dispatch.get(cls)
149 if copier:
--> 150 y = copier(x, memo)
151 else:
152 try:
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _deepcopy_list(x, memo, deepcopy)
213 append = y.append
214 for a in x:
--> 215 append(deepcopy(a, memo))
216 return y
217 d[list] = _deepcopy_list
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
178 y = x
179 else:
--> 180 y = _reconstruct(x, memo, *rv)
181
182 # If is its own copy, don't memoize.
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _reconstruct(x, memo, func, args, state, listiter, dictiter, deepcopy)
278 if state is not None:
279 if deep:
--> 280 state = deepcopy(state, memo)
281 if hasattr(y, '__setstate__'):
282 y.__setstate__(state)
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
148 copier = _deepcopy_dispatch.get(cls)
149 if copier:
--> 150 y = copier(x, memo)
151 else:
152 try:
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _deepcopy_dict(x, memo, deepcopy)
238 memo[id(x)] = y
239 for key, value in x.items():
--> 240 y[deepcopy(key, memo)] = deepcopy(value, memo)
241 return y
242 d[dict] = _deepcopy_dict
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
148 copier = _deepcopy_dispatch.get(cls)
149 if copier:
--> 150 y = copier(x, memo)
151 else:
152 try:
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _deepcopy_list(x, memo, deepcopy)
213 append = y.append
214 for a in x:
--> 215 append(deepcopy(a, memo))
216 return y
217 d[list] = _deepcopy_list
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
178 y = x
179 else:
--> 180 y = _reconstruct(x, memo, *rv)
181
182 # If is its own copy, don't memoize.
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _reconstruct(x, memo, func, args, state, listiter, dictiter, deepcopy)
278 if state is not None:
279 if deep:
--> 280 state = deepcopy(state, memo)
281 if hasattr(y, '__setstate__'):
282 y.__setstate__(state)
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
148 copier = _deepcopy_dispatch.get(cls)
149 if copier:
--> 150 y = copier(x, memo)
151 else:
152 try:
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _deepcopy_dict(x, memo, deepcopy)
238 memo[id(x)] = y
239 for key, value in x.items():
--> 240 y[deepcopy(key, memo)] = deepcopy(value, memo)
241 return y
242 d[dict] = _deepcopy_dict
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
148 copier = _deepcopy_dispatch.get(cls)
149 if copier:
--> 150 y = copier(x, memo)
151 else:
152 try:
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _deepcopy_list(x, memo, deepcopy)
213 append = y.append
214 for a in x:
--> 215 append(deepcopy(a, memo))
216 return y
217 d[list] = _deepcopy_list
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
178 y = x
179 else:
--> 180 y = _reconstruct(x, memo, *rv)
181
182 # If is its own copy, don't memoize.
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _reconstruct(x, memo, func, args, state, listiter, dictiter, deepcopy)
278 if state is not None:
279 if deep:
--> 280 state = deepcopy(state, memo)
281 if hasattr(y, '__setstate__'):
282 y.__setstate__(state)
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
148 copier = _deepcopy_dispatch.get(cls)
149 if copier:
--> 150 y = copier(x, memo)
151 else:
152 try:
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _deepcopy_dict(x, memo, deepcopy)
238 memo[id(x)] = y
239 for key, value in x.items():
--> 240 y[deepcopy(key, memo)] = deepcopy(value, memo)
241 return y
242 d[dict] = _deepcopy_dict
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
178 y = x
179 else:
--> 180 y = _reconstruct(x, memo, *rv)
181
182 # If is its own copy, don't memoize.
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _reconstruct(x, memo, func, args, state, listiter, dictiter, deepcopy)
278 if state is not None:
279 if deep:
--> 280 state = deepcopy(state, memo)
281 if hasattr(y, '__setstate__'):
282 y.__setstate__(state)
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
148 copier = _deepcopy_dispatch.get(cls)
149 if copier:
--> 150 y = copier(x, memo)
151 else:
152 try:
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _deepcopy_dict(x, memo, deepcopy)
238 memo[id(x)] = y
239 for key, value in x.items():
--> 240 y[deepcopy(key, memo)] = deepcopy(value, memo)
241 return y
242 d[dict] = _deepcopy_dict
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
178 y = x
179 else:
--> 180 y = _reconstruct(x, memo, *rv)
181
182 # If is its own copy, don't memoize.
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _reconstruct(x, memo, func, args, state, listiter, dictiter, deepcopy)
278 if state is not None:
279 if deep:
--> 280 state = deepcopy(state, memo)
281 if hasattr(y, '__setstate__'):
282 y.__setstate__(state)
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
148 copier = _deepcopy_dispatch.get(cls)
149 if copier:
--> 150 y = copier(x, memo)
151 else:
152 try:
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in _deepcopy_dict(x, memo, deepcopy)
238 memo[id(x)] = y
239 for key, value in x.items():
--> 240 y[deepcopy(key, memo)] = deepcopy(value, memo)
241 return y
242 d[dict] = _deepcopy_dict
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\copy.py in deepcopy(x, memo, _nil)
167 reductor = getattr(x, "__reduce_ex__", None)
168 if reductor:
--> 169 rv = reductor(4)
170 else:
171 reductor = getattr(x, "__reduce__", None)
TypeError: can't pickle _thread.RLock objects