我正在python Twisted框架中运行多聊天服务器 尝试将第二个用户追加到字典时出现以下错误 builtins.AttributeError：'bytes'对象没有属性'append'
我在以下代码中遇到了错误
elif command == b"/join":
self.factory.groups.get(content, []).append(self)
#self.join_group(content)
我也使def join_group（）： 请检查一下
此处已完全追溯
未处理的错误
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\twisted\python\log.py", line 103, in callWithLogger
return callWithContext({"system": lp}, func, *args, **kw)
File "C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\twisted\python\log.py", line 86, in callWithContext
return context.call({ILogContext: newCtx}, func, *args, **kw)
File "C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\twisted\python\context.py", line 122, in callWithContext
return self.currentContext().callWithContext(ctx, func, *args, **kw)
File "C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\twisted\python\context.py", line 85, in callWithContext
> `Blockquote`
return func(*args,**kw)
--- <exception caught here> ---
File "C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\selectreactor.py", line 149, in _doReadOrWrite
why = getattr(selectable, method)()
File "C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\tcp.py", line 243, in doRead
return self._dataReceived(data)
File "C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\tcp.py", line 249, in _dataReceived
rval = self.protocol.dataReceived(data)
File "C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\twisted\protocols\basic.py", line 572, in dataReceived
why = self.lineReceived(line)
File "chatserver.py", line 44, in lineReceived
self.factory.groups.get(content, []).append(self)
builtins.AttributeError: 'bytes' object has no attribute 'append'
完整的代码链接请参考
from twisted.internet.protocol import Factory
from twisted.protocols.basic import LineReceiver
from twisted.internet import reactor
from collections import defaultdict
class MultiChatProtocol(LineReceiver):
def __init__(self, factory):
self.factory = factory
self.name = None
self.group_name = None
def connectionMade(self):
self.sendLine(b"Welcome to multi char server ")
self.sendLine(b"")
print(type(self.factory.users))
print(type(self.factory.groups))
def connectionLost(self, reason):
if self.name in self.factory.users:
self.broadcastMessage(b"one member has left the channel.")
def lineReceived(self, line):
if line == b'':
self.sendLine(b"write something or type /help for any")
return
print("line name" , line)
a = line.split()
if len(a) > 1:
command = a[0]
content = a[1]
if command == b"/cuser":
self.save_REGISTER(content)
elif command == b"/cgroup":
self.create_Group(content)
elif command == b"/join":
self.factory.groups.get(content, []).append(self)
#self.join_group(content)
elif line == b"/ulist":
self.usercount()
elif line == b"/glist":
self.groupcount()
elif line == b"/help":
self.handle_menu()
elif line == b"/quite":
self.connectionLost()
def join_group(self,args):
print("args for join",args)
print("user name for join",self.name)
#for elem in self.factory.groups:
# if args == elem:
# elf.factory.groups[args].append(self.name)
d = {}
y = self.name
d.setdefault(args, []).append(y)
print("groups list of d ", d)
self.factory.groups = d
print("groups list", self.factory.groups)
def save_REGISTER(self,name):
if name in self.factory.users:
self.transport.write(b"Name taken, please choose another.")
return
self.sendLine(b"Welcome, %s!" % (name,))
self.broadcastMessage(b"%s has joined the channel." % (name,))
self.name = name
self.factory.users[name] = self
print("users list",self.factory.users)
def create_Group(self,name):
self.sendLine(b"Enter group name? :")
self.save_Group(name)
def create_Group(self,name):
print("group_name", name)
print(self.name)
if name in self.factory.groups:
self.transport.write(b"Name taken, please choose another.")
return
if self.name in self.factory.users:
self.sendLine(b"%s group created successfully" % (name,))
self.group_name = name
self.factory.groups[name] = self
#self.factory.groups[name] = self.name
print("groups list", self.factory.groups)
else:
self.sendLine(b"you are not register with system sorry")
def handle_menu(self):
self.sendLine(b"")
self.sendLine(b" please select Following MENU command:")
self.sendLine(b"1) For register your name type : /cuser yourname")
self.sendLine(b"2) For create group type : /cgroup groupname")
self.sendLine(b"3) For Joined group type : /join groupname")
self.sendLine(b"4) For see list Of group type : /glist")
self.sendLine(b"5) For exit type : /quite")
def handle_CHAT(self, message):
message = b"<%s> %s" % (self.name,message)
self.broadcastMessage(message)
def broadcastMessage(self, message):
for name, protocol in self.factory.users.items():
if protocol != self:
protocol.sendLine(message)
def usercount(self):
user_count = len(self.factory.users)
single_or_plural = b'is' if user_count == 1 else b'are'
person_or_people = b'person' if user_count == 1 else b'people'
self.sendLine(b"There %s %i %s connected:" % (single_or_plural, user_count, person_or_people, ) )
for client in self.factory.users:
if client is not self:
self.sendLine(client)
self.sendLine(b"")
def groupcount(self):
group_count = len(self.factory.groups)
single_or_plural = b'is' if group_count == 1 else b'are'
person_or_people = b'group' if group_count == 1 else b'groups'
self.sendLine(b"There %s %i following %s we have :" % (single_or_plural, group_count, person_or_people, ) )
for group in self.factory.groups:
if group is not self:
self.sendLine(group)
self.sendLine(b"")
self.sendLine(b"joined above groups by command /join groupname")
class ChatFactory(Factory):
def __init__(self):
self.users = {}
self.groups = {}
def buildProtocol(self, addr):
return MultiChatProtocol(self)
reactor.listenTCP(8000, ChatFactory())
print ("Chat Server Started")
reactor.run()
谢谢。