Windows 7 x64上的tmpfile()

时间:2011-06-06 01:46:43

标签: c windows-7-x64 errno temporary-files

在Windows 7 x64上运行以下代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>

int main() {
    int i;
    FILE *tmp;
    for (i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
        errno = 0;
        if(!(tmp = tmpfile())) printf("Fail %d, err %d\n", i, errno);
        fclose(tmp);
    }
    return 0;
}

给出错误13(权限被拒绝),在第637和第1004次通话中,它在XP上运行正常(尚未尝试7 x86)。我错过了什么或者这是一个错误吗?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

tmpfile()上的联机帮助页面复习一下,返回FILE*

文件关闭或程序终止时将自动删除。

我对此问题的判断:在Windows上删除文件很奇怪。

当您在Windows上删除某个文件时,只要某个句柄有句柄,就不能在具有相同绝对路径的内容上调用CreateFile,否则会因NT错误代码{{1}而失败},它被映射到Win32代码STATUS_DELETE_PENDING。这可能是ERROR_ACCESS_DENIEDEPERM来自的地方。您可以使用Sysinternals Process Monitor等工具进行确认。

我的猜测是,CRT不知何故创建了一个与之前使用的名称相同的文件。我有时会目睹在Windows上删除文件可能看起来是异步的,因为其他一些进程(有时甚至是防病毒产品,因为你刚刚关闭了一个关闭删除句柄的事实......)会留下一个句柄打开文件,因此对于某些计时窗口,您将看到一个无法获取句柄的可见文件,而不会触及删除待处理/访问被拒绝。或者,errno可能只是选择了其他进程正在处理的文件名。

为了避免这种情况,您可能需要考虑临时文件的另一种机制...例如,像Win32 tmpfile这样的函数允许您创建自己的前缀,这可能会使碰撞的可能性降低。如果创建失败并且“已经存在”,则该函数似乎通过重试来解决竞争条件,因此请小心删除该事物生成的临时文件名 - 删除该文件会取消您与其他进程/线程同时使用它的权限。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

我在Windows 8上遇到类似的问题 - tmpfile()导致win32 ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED错误代码 - 是的,如果你运行具有管理员权限的应用程序 - 那么它可以正常工作。

我想这里提到了问题: https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-gnulib/2007-02/msg00162.html

  

在Windows下,tmpfile函数被定义为始终创建   它的根目录中的临时文件。大多数用户都没有   允许这样做,所以它经常会失败。

我怀疑这是一个不完整的Windows端口问题 - 所以这应该是向Microsoft报告的错误。 (为什么要编写tmpfile函数,如果它没用?)

但谁有时间与微软风车竞争?! : - )

我使用GetTempPathW / GetModuleFileNameW / _wfopen编写了类似的实现。我遇到此问题的代码来自libjpeg - 我在这里附加完整的源代码,但您可以从jpeg_open_backing_store中获取代码。

jmemwin.cpp:

//
//  Windows port for jpeg lib functions.
//
#define JPEG_INTERNALS
#include <Windows.h>        // GetTempFileName
#undef FAR                  // Will be redefined - disable warning
#include "jinclude.h"
#include "jpeglib.h"

extern "C" {
#include "jmemsys.h"        // jpeg_ api interface.

//
// Memory allocation and freeing are controlled by the regular library routines malloc() and free().
//

GLOBAL(void *) jpeg_get_small (j_common_ptr cinfo, size_t sizeofobject)
{
    return (void *) malloc(sizeofobject);
}

GLOBAL(void) jpeg_free_small (j_common_ptr cinfo, void * object, size_t sizeofobject)
{
    free(object);
}

/*
 * "Large" objects are treated the same as "small" ones.
 * NB: although we include FAR keywords in the routine declarations,
 * this file won't actually work in 80x86 small/medium model; at least,
 * you probably won't be able to process useful-size images in only 64KB.
 */

GLOBAL(void FAR *) jpeg_get_large (j_common_ptr cinfo, size_t sizeofobject)
{
    return (void FAR *) malloc(sizeofobject);
}

GLOBAL(void) jpeg_free_large (j_common_ptr cinfo, void FAR * object, size_t sizeofobject)
{
    free(object);
}

//
//  Used only by command line applications, not by static library compilation
//
#ifndef DEFAULT_MAX_MEM     /* so can override from makefile */
#define DEFAULT_MAX_MEM     1000000L /* default: one megabyte */
#endif

GLOBAL(long) jpeg_mem_available (j_common_ptr cinfo, long min_bytes_needed, long max_bytes_needed, long already_allocated)
{
    // jmemansi.c's jpeg_mem_available implementation was insufficient for some of .jpg loads.
    MEMORYSTATUSEX status = { 0 };
    status.dwLength = sizeof(status);
    GlobalMemoryStatusEx(&status);

    if( status.ullAvailPhys > LONG_MAX )
        // Normally goes here since new PC's have more than 4 Gb of ram.
        return LONG_MAX;

    return (long) status.ullAvailPhys;
}


/*
    Backing store (temporary file) management.
    Backing store objects are only used when the value returned by
    jpeg_mem_available is less than the total space needed.  You can dispense
    with these routines if you have plenty of virtual memory; see jmemnobs.c.
*/

METHODDEF(void) read_backing_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, void FAR * buffer_address, long file_offset, long byte_count)
{
    if (fseek(info->temp_file, file_offset, SEEK_SET))
        ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_TFILE_SEEK);

    size_t readed = fread( buffer_address, 1, byte_count, info->temp_file);

    if (readed != (size_t) byte_count)
        ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_TFILE_READ);
}


METHODDEF(void)
write_backing_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, void FAR * buffer_address, long file_offset, long byte_count)
{
    if (fseek(info->temp_file, file_offset, SEEK_SET))
        ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_TFILE_SEEK);

    if (JFWRITE(info->temp_file, buffer_address, byte_count) != (size_t) byte_count)
        ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_TFILE_WRITE);

    // E.g. if you need to debug writes.
    //if( fflush(info->temp_file) != 0 )
    //    ERREXIT(cinfo, JERR_TFILE_WRITE);
}


METHODDEF(void)
close_backing_store (j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info)
{
    fclose(info->temp_file);
    // File is deleted using 'D' flag on open.
}

static HMODULE DllHandle()
{
    MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION info;
    VirtualQuery(DllHandle, &info, sizeof(MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION));
    return (HMODULE)info.AllocationBase;
}

GLOBAL(void) jpeg_open_backing_store(j_common_ptr cinfo, backing_store_ptr info, long total_bytes_needed)
{
    // Generate unique filename.
    wchar_t path[ MAX_PATH ] = { 0 };
    wchar_t dllPath[ MAX_PATH ] = { 0 };
    GetTempPathW( MAX_PATH, path );

    // Based on .exe or .dll filename
    GetModuleFileNameW( DllHandle(), dllPath, MAX_PATH );

    wchar_t* p = wcsrchr( dllPath, L'\\');
    wchar_t* ext = wcsrchr( p + 1, L'.');

    if( ext ) *ext = 0;
    wchar_t* outFile = path + wcslen(path);

    static int iTempFileId = 1;
    // Based on process id (so processes would not fight with each other)
    // Based on some process global id.
    wsprintfW(outFile, L"%s_%d_%d.tmp",p + 1, GetCurrentProcessId(), iTempFileId++ );

    // 'D' - temporary file.
    if ((info->temp_file = _wfopen(path, L"w+bD") ) == NULL)
        ERREXITS(cinfo, JERR_TFILE_CREATE, "");

    info->read_backing_store = read_backing_store;
    info->write_backing_store = write_backing_store;
    info->close_backing_store = close_backing_store;
} //jpeg_open_backing_store


/*
 * These routines take care of any system-dependent initialization and
 * cleanup required.
 */

GLOBAL(long)
jpeg_mem_init (j_common_ptr cinfo)
{
     return DEFAULT_MAX_MEM;    /* default for max_memory_to_use */
}

GLOBAL(void)
jpeg_mem_term (j_common_ptr cinfo)
{
  /* no work */
}

}

我故意忽略某些功能的错误 - 你见过GetTempPathW或GetModuleFileNameW失败吗?