我的代码中有一个变量,说它是“状态”。
我想根据此变量值在应用程序中显示一些文本。这必须在特定的时间延迟下完成。
就像是,
检查状态变量值
显示一些文字
等待10秒
检查状态变量值
显示一些文字
等待15秒
等等。时间延迟可能会有所不同,一旦显示文本就会设置。
我尝试了Thread.sleep(time delay)
但失败了。有没有更好的方法来完成这项工作?
答案 0 :(得分:421)
为此,您应该使用Handler
的{{1}}功能。它将在主UI线程上以指定的延迟运行您的代码,因此您将能够更新UI控件。
postDelayed
答案 1 :(得分:32)
对于任何感兴趣的人,这是我使用inazaruk代码创建的一个类,它创建了所需的一切(我称之为UIUpdater,因为我用它来定期更新UI,但你可以随意调用它):
import android.os.Handler;
/**
* A class used to perform periodical updates,
* specified inside a runnable object. An update interval
* may be specified (otherwise, the class will perform the
* update every 2 seconds).
*
* @author Carlos Simões
*/
public class UIUpdater {
// Create a Handler that uses the Main Looper to run in
private Handler mHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
private Runnable mStatusChecker;
private int UPDATE_INTERVAL = 2000;
/**
* Creates an UIUpdater object, that can be used to
* perform UIUpdates on a specified time interval.
*
* @param uiUpdater A runnable containing the update routine.
*/
public UIUpdater(final Runnable uiUpdater) {
mStatusChecker = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// Run the passed runnable
uiUpdater.run();
// Re-run it after the update interval
mHandler.postDelayed(this, UPDATE_INTERVAL);
}
};
}
/**
* The same as the default constructor, but specifying the
* intended update interval.
*
* @param uiUpdater A runnable containing the update routine.
* @param interval The interval over which the routine
* should run (milliseconds).
*/
public UIUpdater(Runnable uiUpdater, int interval){
UPDATE_INTERVAL = interval;
this(uiUpdater);
}
/**
* Starts the periodical update routine (mStatusChecker
* adds the callback to the handler).
*/
public synchronized void startUpdates(){
mStatusChecker.run();
}
/**
* Stops the periodical update routine from running,
* by removing the callback.
*/
public synchronized void stopUpdates(){
mHandler.removeCallbacks(mStatusChecker);
}
}
然后,您可以在类中创建一个UIUpdater对象,并按如下方式使用它:
...
mUIUpdater = new UIUpdater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// do stuff ...
}
});
// Start updates
mUIUpdater.startUpdates();
// Stop updates
mUIUpdater.stopUpdates();
...
如果要将其用作活动更新程序,请将启动调用放在onResume()方法内,将停止调用放在onPause()内,以便根据活动可见性启动和停止更新。
答案 2 :(得分:20)
我认为新的热点是使用ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor。像这样:
private final ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor executor_ =
new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1);
this.executor_.scheduleWithFixedDelay(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
update();
}
}, 0L, kPeriod, kTimeUnit);
答案 3 :(得分:12)
计时器工作正常。在这里,我使用Timer在1.5秒后搜索文本并更新UI。希望有所帮助。
private Timer _timer = new Timer();
_timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {
// use runOnUiThread(Runnable action)
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
search();
}
});
}
}, timeInterval);
答案 4 :(得分:5)
计时器是另一种完成工作的方法,但如果您正在使用UI,请务必添加runOnUiThread
。
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.app.Activity;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
CheckBox optSingleShot;
Button btnStart, btnCancel;
TextView textCounter;
Timer timer;
MyTimerTask myTimerTask;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
optSingleShot = (CheckBox)findViewById(R.id.singleshot);
btnStart = (Button)findViewById(R.id.start);
btnCancel = (Button)findViewById(R.id.cancel);
textCounter = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.counter);
btnStart.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
if(timer != null){
timer.cancel();
}
//re-schedule timer here
//otherwise, IllegalStateException of
//"TimerTask is scheduled already"
//will be thrown
timer = new Timer();
myTimerTask = new MyTimerTask();
if(optSingleShot.isChecked()){
//singleshot delay 1000 ms
timer.schedule(myTimerTask, 1000);
}else{
//delay 1000ms, repeat in 5000ms
timer.schedule(myTimerTask, 1000, 5000);
}
}});
btnCancel.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (timer!=null){
timer.cancel();
timer = null;
}
}
});
}
class MyTimerTask extends TimerTask {
@Override
public void run() {
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat =
new SimpleDateFormat("dd:MMMM:yyyy HH:mm:ss a");
final String strDate = simpleDateFormat.format(calendar.getTime());
runOnUiThread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
textCounter.setText(strDate);
}});
}
}
}
和xml是......
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:autoLink="web"
android:text="http://android-er.blogspot.com/"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<CheckBox
android:id="@+id/singleshot"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Single Shot"/>
使用CountDownTimer的另一种方法
new CountDownTimer(30000, 1000) {
public void onTick(long millisUntilFinished) {
mTextField.setText("seconds remaining: " + millisUntilFinished / 1000);
}
public void onFinish() {
mTextField.setText("done!");
}
}.start();
安排倒计时,直到将来的某个时间,并在此过程中定期发送通知。在文本字段中显示30秒倒计时的示例:
答案 5 :(得分:4)
尝试以下示例,它有效!!!
在onCreate()方法中使用[Handler],该方法使用postDelayed()方法将Runnable添加到消息队列中,在给定的示例中经过指定的时间量0后运行。 1
参考此代码:
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
//------------------
//------------------
android.os.Handler customHandler = new android.os.Handler();
customHandler.postDelayed(updateTimerThread, 0);
}
private Runnable updateTimerThread = new Runnable()
{
public void run()
{
//write here whaterver you want to repeat
customHandler.postDelayed(this, 1000);
}
};
答案 6 :(得分:4)
您可以使用处理程序发布可运行代码。这里概述了这种技术:https://guides.codepath.com/android/Repeating-Periodic-Tasks
答案 7 :(得分:4)
在我的情况下,如果其中一个条件成立,我必须执行一个过程:如果先前的过程已完成或已经过了5秒。所以,我做了以下工作并且运作良好:
private Runnable mStatusChecker;
private Handler mHandler;
class {
method() {
mStatusChecker = new Runnable() {
int times = 0;
@Override
public void run() {
if (times < 5) {
if (process1.isRead()) {
executeProcess2();
} else {
times++;
mHandler.postDelayed(mStatusChecker, 1000);
}
} else {
executeProcess2();
}
}
};
mHandler = new Handler();
startRepeatingTask();
}
void startRepeatingTask() {
mStatusChecker.run();
}
void stopRepeatingTask() {
mHandler.removeCallbacks(mStatusChecker);
}
}
如果读取了process1,它将执行process2。如果不是,则递增变量次数,并在一秒钟后执行处理程序。它维持一个循环,直到读取process1或者时间为5.当时间为5时,表示传递了5秒,并且每秒执行process1.isRead()的if子句。
答案 8 :(得分:4)
在Handler的帮助下以Android的方式执行此操作。
声明一个内部处理程序类,其中does not leak Memory位于您的Activity / Fragment类
中/**
* Instances of static inner classes do not hold an implicit
* reference to their outer class.
*/
private static class NonLeakyHandler extends Handler {
private final WeakReference<FlashActivity> mActivity;
public NonLeakyHandler(FlashActivity activity) {
mActivity = new WeakReference<FlashActivity>(activity);
}
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
FlashActivity activity = mActivity.get();
if (activity != null) {
// ...
}
}
}
声明一个runnable,它将在您的Activity / Fragment类中执行重复性任务
private Runnable repeatativeTaskRunnable = new Runnable() {
public void run() {
new Handler(getMainLooper()).post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//DO YOUR THINGS
}
};
在Activity / Fragment中初始化Handler对象(此处FlashActivity是我的活动类)
//Task Handler
private Handler taskHandler = new NonLeakyHandler(FlashActivity.this);
在修复时间间隔后重复任务
taskHandler.postDelayed(repeatativeTaskRunnable,DELAY_MILLIS);
停止重复任务
taskHandler .removeCallbacks(repeatativeTaskRunnable);
//update interval for widget
override val UPDATE_INTERVAL = 1000L
//Handler to repeat update
private val updateWidgetHandler = Handler()
//runnable to update widget
private var updateWidgetRunnable: Runnable = Runnable {
run {
//Update UI
updateWidget()
// Re-run it after the update interval
updateWidgetHandler.postDelayed(updateWidgetRunnable, UPDATE_INTERVAL)
}
}
// SATART updating in foreground
override fun onResume() {
super.onResume()
updateWidgetHandler.postDelayed(updateWidgetRunnable, UPDATE_INTERVAL)
}
// REMOVE callback if app in background
override fun onPause() {
super.onPause()
updateWidgetHandler.removeCallbacks(updateWidgetRunnable);
}
答案 9 :(得分:3)
Based on the above post concerning the ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor, I came up with a utility that suited my needs (wanted to fire a method every 3 seconds):
class MyActivity {
private ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor mDialogDaemon;
private void initDebugButtons() {
Button btnSpawnDialogs = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_spawn_dialogs);
btnSpawnDialogs.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
btnSpawnDialogs.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
spawnDialogs();
}
});
}
private void spawnDialogs() {
if (mDialogDaemon != null) {
mDialogDaemon.shutdown();
mDialogDaemon = null;
}
mDialogDaemon = new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1);
// This process will execute immediately, then execute every 3 seconds.
mDialogDaemon.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// Do something worthwhile
}
});
}
}, 0L, 3000L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
}
}
答案 10 :(得分:1)
使用kotlin及其协程非常简单,首先在您的类中声明一个工作(在viewModel中更好),如下所示:
private var repeatableJob: Job? = null
然后,当您要创建并启动它时,请执行以下操作:
repeatableJob = viewModelScope.launch {
while (isActive) {
delay(5_000)
loadAlbums(iImageAPI, titleHeader, true)
}
}
repeatableJob?.start()
,如果您想完成它:
repeatableJob?.cancel()
PS:viewModelScope
仅在视图模型中可用,您可以使用其他协程范围,例如withContext(Dispatchers.IO)
更多信息:Here
答案 11 :(得分:0)
对于使用Kotlin的用户,inazaruk's answer将无法工作,IDE将要求初始化变量,因此我们将使用它而不是在postDelayed
中使用Runnable
在另一种方法中。
像这样初始化Runnable
:
private var myRunnable = Runnable {
//Do some work
//Magic happens here ↓
runDelayedHandler(1000) }
像这样初始化runDelayedHandler
方法:
private fun runDelayedHandler(timeToWait : Long) {
if (!keepRunning) {
//Stop your handler
handler.removeCallbacksAndMessages(null)
//Do something here, this acts like onHandlerStop
}
else {
//Keep it running
handler.postDelayed(myRunnable, timeToWait)
}
}
如您所见,这种方法将使您能够控制任务的生存期,跟踪keepRunning
并在应用程序生存期内进行更改将为您完成工作。 / p>