Question

我是tkinter的新手。我很难找出一种将元组解压缩为参数并传递给函数的方法，该方法最终将使用它来更改画布小部件的颜色。该代码实际上是一个交通信号灯模拟器，其中的元组包含数据，该数据决定单击“下一步”按钮时应点亮哪个信号灯。最初，所有3盏灯均为灰色。单击“下一步”时，应显示红色，灰色，灰色，并取自元组的参数，其中内部元组的元素分别分配为红色，黄色和绿色。因此，对于True，False，False，结果应为Red，grey，grey。在随后的单击中，代码应从元组中获取输入并显示灯。对元组所做的任何更改都应包含在代码中。

下面是代码。阶段是这里的元组。

import tkinter as tk

phases = ((True,  False, False),
          (True,  True,  False),
          (False, False, True),
          (False, True,  False))

def Signal():
        '''<NEED HELP HERE>'''        
        Canvas.itemconfigure(C1,fill = "red")
        Canvas.itemconfigure(C2,fill = "red")
        Canvas.itemconfigure(C3,fill = "red")

TL = tk.Tk()
TL.minsize(80,550)
Canvas = tk.Canvas(TL,width=200, height=500, bg="#696969")
Canvas.grid()
C1 = Canvas.create_oval(38,160,160,30,outline="black",width=5,fill="#A9A9A9")
C2 = Canvas.create_oval(38,320,160,190,outline="black",width=5,fill="#A9A9A9")
C3 = Canvas.create_oval(38,480,160,350,outline="black",width=5,fill="#A9A9A9")
Next = tk.Button(TL, text = "Next", width = 8, command = Signal)
Next.grid()
##Next.bind("<Button-1>",Signal)
Quit = tk.Button(TL, text = "Quit", width = 8, command = TL.destroy)
Quit.grid()

TL.mainloop()

Answer 1

您的问题读起来就像是向解决方案提出任务，因此，在阅读下面的内容之前，请先做好准备，这实际上不是实现此目的的最佳方法。理想情况下，您要为GUI创建一个类，并在其中包含小部件和回调函数。尽管如此，这是一个非最佳解决方案：

import tkinter as tk

phases = ((True, False, False),
          (True, True, False),
          (False, False, True),
          (False, True, False))

def Signal():
    Signal.cur_state = (Signal.cur_state + 1 ) % 4

    print(Signal.cur_state)

    Canvas.itemconfigure(C1, fill="red" if phases[Signal.cur_state][0] else '#A9A9A9')
    Canvas.itemconfigure(C2, fill="yellow" if phases[Signal.cur_state][1] else '#A9A9A9')
    Canvas.itemconfigure(C3, fill="green" if phases[Signal.cur_state][2] else '#A9A9A9')

Signal.cur_state = 0

TL = tk.Tk()
TL.minsize(80, 550)
Canvas = tk.Canvas(TL, width=200, height=500, bg="#696969")
Canvas.grid()
C1 = Canvas.create_oval(38, 160, 160, 30, outline="black", width=5, fill="#A9A9A9")
C2 = Canvas.create_oval(38, 320, 160, 190, outline="black", width=5, fill="#A9A9A9")
C3 = Canvas.create_oval(38, 480, 160, 350, outline="black", width=5, fill="#A9A9A9")
Next = tk.Button(TL, text="Next", width=8, command=Signal)
Next.grid()
##Next.bind("<Button-1>",Signal)
Quit = tk.Button(TL, text="Quit", width=8, command=TL.destroy)
Quit.grid()

TL.mainloop()

Answer 2

我使用一个全局变量count，当您按下Next时该变量会增加。我还创建了一个列表colors，例如["red", "black", "black"]时就是phase = (True, False, False)。您可以尝试以下方法：

import tkinter as tk

phases = ((True,  False, False),
          (True,  True,  False),
          (False, False, True),
          (False, True,  False))

def give_color(phase, light_number):
    colors_availables = ("red", "yellow", "green")
    return colors_availables[light_number-1] if phase[light_number-1] else "#A9A9A9"

global count
count = 0

def Signal():
    global count
    p = phases[count]
    Canvas.itemconfigure(C1,fill = give_color(p, 1))
    Canvas.itemconfigure(C2,fill = give_color(p, 2))
    Canvas.itemconfigure(C3,fill = give_color(p, 3))
    count += 1
    count = count%4

TL = tk.Tk()
TL.minsize(80,550)
Canvas = tk.Canvas(TL,width=200, height=500, bg="#696969")
Canvas.grid()
C1 = Canvas.create_oval(38,160,160,30,outline="black",width=5,fill="#A9A9A9")
C2 = Canvas.create_oval(38,320,160,190,outline="black",width=5,fill="#A9A9A9")
C3 = Canvas.create_oval(38,480,160,350,outline="black",width=5,fill="#A9A9A9")
Next = tk.Button(TL, text = "Next", width = 8, command = Signal)
Next.grid()
##Next.bind("<Button-1>",Signal)
Quit = tk.Button(TL, text = "Quit", width = 8, command = TL.destroy)
Quit.grid()

TL.mainloop()

如何将元组解压缩为参数并传递给函数，该函数在单击按钮时会更改python tkinter中的画布颜色

2 个答案: