我正在创建一个类似函数的映射,它将像这样旋转一个对象:
const configObject: ConfigObject = {
a: {
oneWay: (value: string) => 99,
otherWay: (value: number) => "99"
},
b: {
oneWay: (value: number) => undefined,
otherWay: () => 99
}
}
进入:
{
foos: {
a: {
convert: (value: string) => 99,
},
b: {
convert: (value: number) => undefined
}
},
bars: {
a: {
deconvert: (value: number) => "99",
},
b: {
deconvert: () => 99;
}
}
}
我遇到的问题是基于ConfigItem的签名来强制执行函数参数和返回类型。
我的操作方式如下:
interface ConfigItem<P, Q> {
oneWay: (value: P) => Q;
otherWay: (value: Q) => P;
}
type ConfigObject = Record<string, ConfigItem<any, any>>; //This is right, I believe.
// any is explicitly an OK type for the ConfigItems to have.
interface Foo<A, B> {
convert: (a: A) => B;
}
interface Bar<A, B> {
deconvert: (b: B) => A;
}
interface MyThing<T extends ConfigObject> {
foos: Record<keyof T, Foo<any, any>> //These are wrong - they should use the types as defined by the config object
bars: Record<keyof T, Bar<any, any>>
}
我后来实现了一个创建MyThing的功能,例如:
function createMyThing<T extends ConfigObject>(configObject: T): MyThing<T> {
//I would use Object.entries, but TS Playground doesn't like it.
const keys = Object.keys(configObject);
return {
foos: keys.reduce((acc, key) => {
return {
...acc,
[key]: {
convert: configObject[key].oneWay
}
}
}, {} as Record<keyof T, Foo<any, any>>), //Again problematic 'any' types.
bars: keys.reduce((acc, key) => {
return {
...acc,
[key]: {
deconvert: configObject[key].otherWay
}
};
}, {}) as Record<keyof T, Bar<any, any>>
};
}
现在此代码有效:
const configObject: ConfigObject = {
a: {
oneWay: (value: string) => 99,
otherWay: (value: number) => "99"
},
b: {
oneWay: (value: number) => undefined,
otherWay: () => 99
}
}
const myThing = createMyThing(configObject);
console.log(myThing.foos.a.convert("hello"));
console.log(myThing.foos.b.convert("hello")); //No type enforcement!
但是由于这些语句,我们没有任何类型强制。
我将如何修改我的代码以使其正常工作?
答案 0 :(得分:4)
您应该考虑的第一件事是不要将configObject
类型设置为ConfigObject
,因为这样会丢失对象的结构。创建扩展ConfigObject
的具体接口:
interface ConcreteConfigObject extends ConfigObject{
a: ConfigItem<string, number>;
b: ConfigItem<number, undefined>;
}
在MyThing
中摆脱any
的情况,您可以结合几种TS功能从configObject
中提取类型:
Parameters<T>
-构造函数类型T的参数类型的元组类型ReturnType<T>
-构造由函数T的返回类型组成的类型Index types
-使用索引类型,可使编译器检查使用动态属性名称的代码。例如,选择属性的子集Mapped Types
-映射类型允许您通过映射属性类型从现有类型创建新类型上面,我们从oneWay
和otherWay
方法中提取参数并返回类型,以设置为Foo<A, B>
和Bar<A, B>
:
interface MyThing<T extends ConfigObject> {
foos: MyThingFoo<T>;
bars: MyThingBar<T>;
}
type MyThingFoo<T extends ConfigObject> = {
[k in keyof T]: Foo<Parameters<T[k]["oneWay"]>[0], ReturnType<T[k]["oneWay"]>>;
}
type MyThingBar<T extends ConfigObject> = {
[k in keyof T]: Bar<ReturnType<T[k]["otherWay"]>, Parameters<T[k]["otherWay"]>[0]>;
}
P.S。从T提取类型看起来很丑,可以做一些优化,我只是为说明目的而明确编写了它。
答案 1 :(得分:2)
在Typescript中,可以使用window.prompt()
从现有值中提取类型签名:
typeof
基于const configObject = {
a: {
oneWay: (value: string) => 99,
otherWay: (value: number) => "99"
},
b: {
oneWay: (value: number) => undefined,
otherWay: () => 99
}
};
type ConfigObject = typeof configObject
,您可以创建ConfigObject
,例如:
MyThing
为完整性起见,type MyThing = {
foos: { [K in keyof ConfigObject]: { convert: ConfigObject[K]['oneWay']}}
bars: { [K in keyof ConfigObject]: { deconvert: ConfigObject[K]['otherWay']}}
}
可以键入为:
createMyThing
答案 2 :(得分:0)
type PropType<T, K extends keyof T> = T[K];
type FooObjType<T> = { [M in keyof T]: Foo<T[M] extends ConfigItem<any, any> ? PropType<T[M], 'oneWay'> : any> }
type BarObjType<T> = { [M in keyof T]: Bar<T[M] extends ConfigItem<any, any> ? PropType<T[M], 'otherWay'> : any> }
注意:我添加了一项检查,以查看T [M]值是否扩展了ConfigItem只是一个预防措施。
这些类型将有助于定义。类型的名称是任意的。
const configObject = {
a: {
oneWay: (value: string) => 99,
otherWay: (value: number) => "99"
} as ConfigItem<string, number>,
b: {
oneWay: (value: number) => undefined,
otherWay: () => 99
} as ConfigItem<number, undefined>
}
在configObject
中添加每个对象的转换。
interface MyThing<T extends ConfigObject> {
foos: FooObjType<T>,
bars: BarObjType<T>
}
更新了MyThing
界面
function createMyThing<T extends ConfigObject>(configObject: T): MyThing<T> {
const keys = Object.keys(configObject);
return {
foos: keys.reduce((acc, key) => {
return {
...acc,
[key]: {
convert: configObject[key].oneWay
}
}
}, {} as FooObjType<T>),
bars: keys.reduce((acc, key) => {
return {
...acc,
[key]: {
deconvert: configObject[key].otherWay
}
};
}, {} as BarObjType<T>),
};
}
更新了createMyThing
函数。
interface ConfigItem<P, Q> {
oneWay: (value?: P) => Q;
otherWay: (value?: Q) => P;
}
对ConfigItems
界面中的函数签名进行小的修改,以允许空参数