Question

因此，我正在尝试编写一个代码（主要使用类），该代码使我可以使机器人从中心（0,0）向上，向下，向左或向右移动（想象有一个坐标平面）。我们的任务是让程序反复请求输入字符串以识别方向和距离运动，然后从原点输出机器人的当前位置和欧氏距离。我们假设方向和距离的输入之间用空格隔开（例如“ UP 5”，“ LEFT 6”）。并且如果输入无效（例如，无方向或无数字），则打印“无效输入”。输出示例如下所示。

Input (Direction Distance): UP 5
Position = (0, 5.0)
Distance = 5.0

Input (Direction Distance): LEFT 2
Position = (-2.0, 5.0)
Distance = 5.3851...

这是我尝试的解决方案：

class Robot(object):
    def __init__(self, n=(0,0)):
        self.n = n
        post = list(n)
        self.x = post[0]
        self.y = post[1]

    def movement(self,a):
        direction = self.a[0]
        move = self.a[1]
        if direction == "UP":
            y_d = self.y + move.y
        elif direction == "DOWN":
            y_d = self.y - move.y
        elif direction == "RIGHT":
            x_d = self.x + move.x
        elif direction == "LEFT":
            x_d = self.x - move.x
        return (x_d**2 + y_d**2) **0.5


direction_list = ["UP","DOWN","LEFT","RIGHT"]      
while True:
    question = input('Do you want to enter a move? (YES/NO)')
    while question == 'YES' or question == "Yes" or question == "yes":
        a = input('Input DIRECTION AND DISTANCE').split()
        if a[0] in direction_list and a[1].isnumeric():
            #direction = a[0]
            #distance = a[1]
            print(Robot(a))
        else: 
            print('Invalid Input')  
    break

当我尝试运行它时，我总是得到这个：

Input DIRECTION AND DISTANCEUP 5
<__main__.Robot object at 0x000001EB1DEA9F60>

有人会解释我在做什么错吗？

Answer 1

首先，您需要使Robot类的对象能够使用其方法。这就是所谓的面向对象编程（OOP），我建议您阅读一些基础知识。

对于此特定问题，您不需要OOP解决方案。

删除类定义，仅使用函数本身即可：

 def movement(direction,move):
        if direction == "UP":
            # mathematical calculations without using self. Just put the numbers or 
            #variables you have defined before 
            dis = direction * 10 + move/ 10 # just for sake of having an output
        elif direction == "DOWN":
            dis = direction * 10 + move/ 10 # just for sake of having an output
        elif direction == "RIGHT":
            dis = direction * 10 + move/ 10 # just for sake of having an output
        elif direction == "LEFT":
            dis = direction * 10 + move/ 10 # just for sake of having an output
        return dis

direction_list = ["UP","DOWN","LEFT","RIGHT"]      
while True:
    question = input('Do you want to enter a move? (YES/NO)')
    while question == 'YES' or question == "Yes" or question == "yes":
        a = input('Input DIRECTION AND DISTANCE').split()
        if a[0] in direction_list and a[1].isnumeric():
            #direction = a[0]
            #distance = a[1]
            print(movement(a[0], a[1]))
        else: 
            print('Invalid Input')   
    break

请注意，要调用移动方法，您必须提供如下输入参数：运动（a [0]，a [1]）

编辑：知道您必须拥有OOP解决方案后，我编写了这段代码。正是您所需要的：

class Robot(object):
    def __init__(self, n=(0,0)):
        self.n = n
        post = list(n)
        self.x = post[0]
        self.y = post[1]
    def distance(self):
        return (self.x **2 + self.y **2) **0.5

    def position(self):
        print("x: ", self.x,"y: ", self.y)

    def movement(self,direction,move):
        x_d = self.x
        y_d = self.y
        if direction == "UP":
            y_d = self.y + move
        elif direction == "DOWN":
            y_d = self.y - move
        elif direction == "RIGHT":
            x_d = self.x + move
        elif direction == "LEFT":
            x_d = self.x - move
        self.x = x_d
        self.y = y_d
        return 0



direction_list = ["UP","DOWN","LEFT","RIGHT"]
robot = Robot()


while True:
    question = input('Do you want to enter a move? (YES/NO)')
    while question == 'YES' or question == "Yes" or question == "yes":
        a = input('Input DIRECTION AND DISTANCE').split()
        if a[0] in direction_list:
            #direction = a[0]
            #distance = a[1]
            robot.movement(a[0], float(a[1]))
            print("Position: ")
            robot.position()
            print ("distance ",robot.distance())
        else: 
            print('Invalid Input')  
    break

首先，我做了另外两个功能。一个用于距离，另一个用于位置。移动功能不应输出任何内容。关于OOP的重点是简化一切。对于每个特定的动作，您都需要特定的方法（即函数）。

您可以在类中定义这些方法，然后创建该类的对象。并通过您创建的对象“调用”函数。类就像建造机器人的指令。而对象是您的机器人。您可以根据需要制作任意数量的对象（机器人）。每个对象就像一个变量，用于保存您在类定义中编写的数据。（参数和方法）

a [1]始终是字符串。（尽管您在if条件中进行了检查，但它不是数字，但这意味着可以将字符串视为数字值。数字与int类型不同）。当我将其发送到移动方法时，我不得不将其转换为浮动。（我不想将其强制转换为int，因为距离值可能是一个像0.6这样的浮点值）

Internet上有很多有关OOP的资源。最简单的一种是w3schools。 https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_classes.asp

在2D坐标平面中移动，跟踪距原点的位置和距离

1 个答案: