Question

我正在尝试在python中读取.txt文件，并将结果存储在列表中。我的txt文件看起来像这样：

Roll no         12
Name            Abc
Date of birth   11/11/90

列表中的预期输出：

['Roll no','12','Name','Abc','Date of birth','11/11/90']

使用readLines（）后得到的输出：

['Roll','no','12','Name','Abc','Date','of','birth','11/11/90']

Answer 1

在没有看到实际代码的情况下，很难确切知道这里出了什么问题。

readlines将在换行符分隔符上分割文件。为了获得完全的跨平台兼容性，请以“通用”兼容性模式（PEP-278 https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0278/）打开文件，这避免了有关您的行以'\ n'，'\ r \ n'还是某些结尾的问题。其他变化形式（取决于您使用的是DOS还是类似Unix的系统）：

with open('input.txt', 'rU') as t:
    lines = t.readlines()

然后，您可以采用这组行，并假设您的输入使用制表符定界符，请将每行分成一个键/值对：

results = list()
for line in lines:
    key,value = line.strip().split('\t')
    results.append(key)
    results.append(value)

有多种方法可以将其分解为列表理解，但是上面是一个非常明确的示例，说明了如何获得所需的结果。

Answer 2

由于字段是制表符分隔的，因此您可以简单地按制表符分隔每一行。下面的示例假定文件以file的形式打开：

[token for line in file for token in line.rstrip().split('\t')]

Answer 3

另一种解决方案是读取行，然后将map（）与strip（）结合使用：

data4.txt：

<?php

namespace App\Entity;

use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints as Assert;

class UpdatePassword
{
    private $oldPassword;

    /**
     * @Assert\Length(min=8, minMessage="Le mot de passe doit être composé d'au moins 8 caractères")
     */
    private $newPassword;

    /**
     * @Assert\EqualTo(propertyPath="newPassword", message="La confirmation du mot de passe ne correspond pas")
     */
    private $confirmPassword;

    public function getOldPassword(): ?string
    {
        return $this->oldPassword;
    }

    public function setOldPassword(string $oldPassword): self
    {
        $this->oldPassword = $oldPassword;

        return $this;
    }

    public function getNewPassword(): ?string
    {
        return $this->newPassword;
    }

    public function setNewPassword(string $newPassword): self
    {
        $this->newPassword = $newPassword;

        return $this;
    }

    public function getConfirmPassword(): ?string
    {
        return $this->confirmPassword;
    }

    public function setConfirmPassword(string $confirmPassword): self
    {
        $this->confirmPassword = $confirmPassword;

        return $this;
    }
}

代码：

security:
    role_hierarchy:
        ROLE_PRO: ROLE_USER
        ROLE_ADMIN: [ROLE_USER, ROLE_PRO]
        ROLE_SUPER_ADMIN: [ROLE_ADMIN, ROLE_ALLOWED_TO_SWITCH]

    encoders:
        App\Entity\User:
            algorithm: auto
    # https://symfony.com/doc/current/security.html#where-do-users-come-from-user-providers
    providers:
        in_memory: { memory: ~ }
        in_database:
            entity:
                class: App\Entity\User
                property: email
    firewalls:
        dev:
            pattern: ^/(_(profiler|wdt)|css|images|js)/
            security: false
        main:
            anonymous: true
            remember_me:
                secret:   '%kernel.secret%'
                lifetime: 604800 # 1 week in seconds
                path:     /

            provider: in_database

            form_login:
                login_path: account_login
                check_path: account_login
                default_target_path: account_index

            logout:
                path: account_logout
                target: account_login

            # activate different ways to authenticate
            # https://symfony.com/doc/current/security.html#firewalls-authentication

            # https://symfony.com/doc/current/security/impersonating_user.html
            # switch_user: true

    # Easy way to control access for large sections of your site
    # Note: Only the *first* access control that matches will be used
    access_control:
        - { path: ^/, roles: IS_AUTHENTICATED_ANONYMOUSLY }
        - { path: ^/account, roles: ROLE_USER }
        # - { path: ^/profile, roles: ROLE_ADMIN }

结果：

Roll no   12
Name      Abc
Date of birth   11/11/90

要删除12，Abc和11/11/90：

fileName = 'data\data4.txt'
with open(fileName) as f:
  lines= f.readlines()

lines= map(lambda s: s.strip(), lines)
list(lines)

结果：

['Roll no   12', 'Name      Abc', 'Date of birth   11/11/90']

如何将以空格分隔的单词作为单个值读取

3 个答案: