我正在制作一个使用Java Graphics显示建筑物，一些云和树木的程序。我想使用计时器在屏幕上滚动云。我不确定如何使用计时器在到达JFrame结束后不断循环播放云
定时器在126-147上
cloud方法启用184-239
我试图将所有Timer代码放入Cloud绘制方法中，但是我不知道如何使用与计时器相关的变量来使Cloud在用于Cloud的方法内移动。 目前，我只是将方法之外的大多数计时器内容都使用了，然后使用3种不同的云方法，这是多余的。
我是Java的新手，如果遇到基本错误，对不起。
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class Elevator extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
private final int DISPLAY_WIDTH = 800;
private final int DISPLAY_HEIGHT = 600;
private JPanel guiPanel, buttonPanel;
private DisplayPanel display;
private JLabel Title;
private JButton Floor;
private JComboBox Select;
int locX, locY;
final int LIMIT = 10;
final int NUM_ROWS = 10;
final int WINDOWWIDTH = 12;
final int WINDOWHEIGHT = 25;
final int WINDOWSPACING = 10;
final int FLOORSPACING = 30;
final int FLOOROFFSET = -10;
final int ELEVATOR_COLUMN = 5;
private static final int NUM_ITERATIONS = 10; //number of floors for combo box selection
private int lvlChoice; //variable holding elevator level choice for item event
private int buildX, buildY, buildW, buildH; //building height dem
Color drkGrn = new Color ( 49, 216, 91); //building ground color
Color flWind = new Color (163, 156, 77); //default floor window color
Color bldCol = new Color (176, 201, 212); // building color
Color crntFl = new Color (255, 247, 0); //current floor color for elevator
Color blu1 = new Color ( 157, 215, 255 ); //cloud colors
Color blu2 = new Color (93, 172, 227);
Color blu3 = new Color ( 62, 167, 240);
Color blu4 = new Color (136, 156, 169);
Color blu5 = new Color (209, 230, 245);
Color plmLeaf = new Color ( 6, 145, 84);
Color trunk =new Color ( 170, 85, 0);
//graphics variables
final int tWidth = 10;
final int tHeiht =120;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Elevator frame = new Elevator();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
frame.initializeVariables();
frame.setUpGUI();
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public void initializeVariables() {
locX = 300;
locY = 150;
buildX = locX-20;
buildY = locY-10;
buildH =375;
buildW =250;
lvlChoice = 1;
}
public void setUpGUI() {
Container window = getContentPane(); //you attach Jcomponents to this pannel
display = new DisplayPanel();
guiPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
buttonPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
//TODO add title panel
/* Title = new JLabel("Elevator");
Title.setFont(new Font(" San Serif", Font.PLAIN, 20));
titlePanel.add(Title);*/
Floor =new JButton("Floor");
Floor.addActionListener(this);
Select = new JComboBox();
for (int i = 0; i < NUM_ITERATIONS; i++) {
Select.addItem(String.valueOf(i + 1)); //this takes the int value and the parses it to a string
}
buttonPanel.add(Select);
buttonPanel.add(Floor);
window.add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
window.add(guiPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
window.add(display, BorderLayout.CENTER);
}
//cloude1 timer, moviment
Timer tm1 = new Timer(60, this);
int x1 = 800, velX1 = 3; //position of x on cloud and velociity of cloudes
//cloude1 timer, moviment
Timer tm2 = new Timer(50, this);
int x2 = 700, velX2 = 2; //position of x on cloud and velociity of cloudes
//cloude1 timer, moviment
Timer tm3 = new Timer(75, this);
int x3 = 777, velX3 = 2; //position of x on cloud and velociity of cloudes
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
lvlChoice = Integer.parseInt((String) Select.getSelectedItem());
display.repaint();
//make only one of these simplfiy the "x1" to x
x1 = x1 - velX1; //every 2 milliseconds and 2 to the position of x whitch starts at 0
x2 = x2 - velX2; //every 2 milliseconds and 2 to the position of x whitch starts at 0
x3 = x3 - velX3; //every 2 milliseconds and 2 to the position of x whitch starts at 0
}
class DisplayPanel extends JPanel {
DisplayPanel() {
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT));
this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
}
//executes all paint methods
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
backDrop(g2d);
cloud1(g2d, 100, 45);
cloud3(g2d, 50, 30);
buildingLoop(g2d);
cloud2(g2d, 240, 40);
tree(g2d, 140, 400);
tree(g2d, 500, 400);
tree(g2d, 650, 470);
tree(g2d, 600, 420);
tree(g2d, 190, 390);
tree(g2d, 45, 425);
tree(g2d, 75, 450);
}
//static background objects (ground, trees, ect..)
public void backDrop(Graphics2D g2d) {
g2d.setColor(drkGrn);
g2d.fillRect(0,500,getWidth(), getHeight());
}
//new method custom for cloudes
public void cloud1(Graphics2D g2d, int y, int CLDSIZE) {
//cloud 1
//y starts at 100 to be put in method argument
g2d.setColor(blu4);
g2d.fillOval(x1, y, CLDSIZE, CLDSIZE);
g2d.setColor(blu1);
g2d.fillOval(x1 + 15, y-10, CLDSIZE, CLDSIZE);
g2d.setColor(blu3);
g2d.fillOval(x1 + 30, y+10, CLDSIZE, CLDSIZE);
g2d.setColor(blu2);
g2d.fillOval(x1 + 45, y-10, CLDSIZE, CLDSIZE);
g2d.setColor(blu5);
g2d.fillOval(x1 + 57, y, CLDSIZE, CLDSIZE);
tm1.start(); //start the timer
}
public void cloud2(Graphics2D g2d, int y, int CLDSIZE) {
//cloud 2
g2d.setColor(blu5);
g2d.fillOval(x2, y, CLDSIZE,CLDSIZE);
g2d.setColor(blu4);
g2d.fillOval(x2+15, y-20, CLDSIZE,CLDSIZE);
g2d.setColor(blu2);
g2d.fillOval(x2+30, y+10, CLDSIZE,CLDSIZE);
g2d.setColor(blu3);
g2d.fillOval(x2+45, y-20, CLDSIZE,CLDSIZE);
g2d.setColor(blu1);
g2d.fillOval(x2+57, y, CLDSIZE,CLDSIZE);
tm2.start(); //start the timer
}
public void cloud3(Graphics2D g2d, int y, int CLDSIZE) {
//cloud 3
//y starts at 30
g2d.setColor(blu3);
g2d.fillOval(x3, y, CLDSIZE,CLDSIZE);
g2d.setColor(blu2);
g2d.fillOval(x3+15, y-10, CLDSIZE,CLDSIZE);
g2d.setColor(blu4);
g2d.fillOval(x3+30, y+10, CLDSIZE,CLDSIZE);
g2d.setColor(blu5);
g2d.fillOval(x3+45, y-10, CLDSIZE,CLDSIZE);
g2d.setColor(blu1);
g2d.fillOval(x3+57, y, CLDSIZE,CLDSIZE);
tm3.start(); //start the timer
}
public void tree(Graphics2D g2d, int xPoint, int yPoint){
int leafSize =25;
g2d.setColor(trunk);
g2d.fillRect(xPoint+25,yPoint,tWidth, tHeiht);
g2d.setColor(plmLeaf);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint,yPoint, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint+5,yPoint-10, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint+5,yPoint+10, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint+10,yPoint, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint+10,yPoint+10, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint+30,yPoint-10, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint+30,yPoint+10, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint+35,yPoint, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint+35,yPoint+10, leafSize, leafSize);
}
//building the building and windows for the building
public void buildingLoop(Graphics2D g2d) {
g2d.setColor(bldCol);
g2d.fillRect(buildX, buildY, buildW, buildH);
g2d.setColor(flWind);
for (int j = 1; j <=NUM_ROWS; j++) { //draws row
for (int i = 0; i <= LIMIT; i++) { //draws window's
if (i == ELEVATOR_COLUMN && j == NUM_ROWS - lvlChoice + 1) {
g2d.setColor(crntFl);
}
g2d.fillRect (i* (WINDOWWIDTH + WINDOWSPACING) + buildX + WINDOWSPACING, buildY + j * FLOORSPACING - FLOOROFFSET, WINDOWWIDTH , WINDOWHEIGHT);
g2d.setColor(flWind);
}
}
}
}
}
我尝试将所有Timer代码放入Cloud绘制方法中，但是我无法弄清楚如何使用与Timer关联的变量并从该方法输入的实际参数中获取该值
当前，我只是将大多数计时器东西放在方法之外，然后使用3种不同的云方法，这是多余的。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
这是我的写法： 如果您有任何疑问，欢迎提问：）
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComboBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class Elevator extends JFrame implements ActionListener
{
private final int DISPLAY_WIDTH = 800;
private final int DISPLAY_HEIGHT = 600;
private JPanel guiPanel, buttonPanel;
private DisplayPanel display;
private JLabel Title;
private JButton Floor;
private JComboBox Select;
int locX, locY;
final int LIMIT = 10;
final int NUM_ROWS = 10;
final int WINDOWWIDTH = 12;
final int WINDOWHEIGHT = 25;
final int WINDOWSPACING = 10;
final int FLOORSPACING = 30;
final int FLOOROFFSET = -10;
final int ELEVATOR_COLUMN = 5;
private static final int NUM_ITERATIONS = 10; // number of floors for combo box selection
private int lvlChoice; // variable holding elevator level choice for item event
private int buildX, buildY, buildW, buildH; // building height dem
Color drkGrn = new Color(49, 216, 91); // building ground color
Color flWind = new Color(163, 156, 77); // default floor window color
Color bldCol = new Color(176, 201, 212); // building color
Color crntFl = new Color(255, 247, 0); // current floor color for elevator
// an array with all your clouds
private Cloud[] clouds;
private Tree[] trees;
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Elevator frame = new Elevator();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
// added the cloud initialization in there
frame.initializeVariables();
frame.setUpGUI();
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
// starts ticking each 30 ms
frame.tick();
}
private void tick()
{
// while loop for ever and ever
while (true)
{
// ticks all the clouds
for (int i = 0; i < clouds.length; i++)
{
clouds[i].tick();
}
// updates the JFrame graphics
display.repaint();
// pauses the ticking for 30 ms
try
{
Thread.sleep(30);
} catch (InterruptedException e)
{
}
}
}
public void initializeVariables()
{
locX = 300;
locY = 150;
buildX = locX - 20;
buildY = locY - 10;
buildH = 375;
buildW = 250;
lvlChoice = 1;
// puts 3 clouds in our array
clouds = new Cloud[] { new Cloud(800, 100, 45, 3, true), new Cloud(700, 50, 30, 2, false),
new Cloud(777, 240, 40, 2, false), };
trees = new Tree[] { new Tree(140, 400), new Tree(500, 400), new Tree(650, 470), new Tree(600, 420),
new Tree(190, 390), new Tree(45, 425), new Tree(75, 450) };
}
public void setUpGUI()
{
Container window = getContentPane(); // you attach Jcomponents to this pannel
display = new DisplayPanel();
guiPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
buttonPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
// TODO add title panel
/* Title = new JLabel("Elevator");
Title.setFont(new Font(" San Serif", Font.PLAIN, 20));
titlePanel.add(Title);*/
Floor = new JButton("Floor");
Floor.addActionListener(this);
Select = new JComboBox<>();
for (int i = 0; i < NUM_ITERATIONS; i++)
{
Select.addItem(String.valueOf(i + 1)); // this takes the int value and the parses it to a string
}
buttonPanel.add(Select);
buttonPanel.add(Floor);
window.add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
window.add(guiPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
window.add(display, BorderLayout.CENTER);
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
lvlChoice = Integer.parseInt((String) Select.getSelectedItem());
display.repaint();
// moves each cloud by the respective velocity
for (int i = 0; i < clouds.length; i++)
clouds[i].x -= clouds[i].velX;
}
class DisplayPanel extends JPanel
{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
DisplayPanel()
{
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(DISPLAY_WIDTH, DISPLAY_HEIGHT));
this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
}
// executes all paint methods
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g)
{
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
backDrop(g2d);
for (Cloud c : clouds)
{
if (!c.Foreground) c.draw(g2d);
}
buildingLoop(g2d);
for (Cloud c : clouds)
{
if (c.Foreground) c.draw(g2d);
}
for (Tree t : trees)
{
t.draw(g2d);
}
}
// static background objects (ground, trees, ect..)
public void backDrop(Graphics2D g2d)
{
g2d.setColor(drkGrn);
g2d.fillRect(0, 500, getWidth(), getHeight());
}
// building the building and windows for the building
public void buildingLoop(Graphics2D g2d)
{
g2d.setColor(bldCol);
g2d.fillRect(buildX, buildY, buildW, buildH);
g2d.setColor(flWind);
for (int j = 1; j <= NUM_ROWS; j++)
{ // draws row
for (int i = 0; i <= LIMIT; i++)
{ // draws window's
if (i == ELEVATOR_COLUMN && j == NUM_ROWS - lvlChoice + 1)
{
g2d.setColor(crntFl);
}
g2d.fillRect(i * (WINDOWWIDTH + WINDOWSPACING) + buildX + WINDOWSPACING,
buildY + j * FLOORSPACING - FLOOROFFSET, WINDOWWIDTH, WINDOWHEIGHT);
g2d.setColor(flWind);
}
}
}
}
}
class Cloud
{
int x = 800, y, velX = 3; // position of x on cloud and velociity of cloudes
final Color blu1 = new Color(157, 215, 255); // cloud colors
final Color blu2 = new Color(93, 172, 227);
final Color blu3 = new Color(62, 167, 240);
final Color blu4 = new Color(136, 156, 169);
final Color blu5 = new Color(209, 230, 245);
int Size;
boolean Foreground;
public Cloud(int x, int y, int Size, int velX, boolean Foreground)
{
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.Size = Size;
this.velX = velX;
this.Foreground = Foreground;
}
public void tick()
{
x -= velX;
if (x < -100) x = 1000;
}
public void draw(Graphics2D g2d)
{
// cloud 1
// y starts at 100 to be put in method argument
g2d.setColor(blu4);
g2d.fillOval(x, y, Size, Size);
g2d.setColor(blu1);
g2d.fillOval(x + 15, y - 10, Size, Size);
g2d.setColor(blu3);
g2d.fillOval(x + 30, y + 10, Size, Size);
g2d.setColor(blu2);
g2d.fillOval(x + 45, y - 10, Size, Size);
g2d.setColor(blu5);
g2d.fillOval(x + 57, y, Size, Size);
}
}
class Tree
{
int xPoint, yPoint;
public Tree(int xPoint, int yPoint)
{
this.xPoint = xPoint;
this.yPoint = yPoint;
}
public void draw(Graphics2D g2d)
{
int leafSize = 25;
// graphics variables
final int tWidth = 10;
final int tHeiht = 120;
final Color plmLeaf = new Color(6, 145, 84);
final Color trunk = new Color(170, 85, 0);
g2d.setColor(trunk);
g2d.fillRect(xPoint + 25, yPoint, tWidth, tHeiht);
g2d.setColor(plmLeaf);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint, yPoint, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint + 5, yPoint - 10, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint + 5, yPoint + 10, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint + 10, yPoint, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint + 10, yPoint + 10, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint + 30, yPoint - 10, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint + 30, yPoint + 10, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint + 35, yPoint, leafSize, leafSize);
g2d.fillOval(xPoint + 35, yPoint + 10, leafSize, leafSize);
}
}